scholarly journals Jianpi Qushi Heluo Formula Alleviates Renal Damages in Passive Hemann Nephritis Rats by Upregulating Parkin-Mediated Mitochondrial Autophagy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-hui Wang ◽  
Rui Lang ◽  
Qin Zeng ◽  
Nan Chen ◽  
Zhi-zhong Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tubular Damage ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Medicine Prescription ◽  
Chinese Medicine Prescription ◽  
Experimental Rat Model ◽  
Complex Deposition ◽  
Renal Tubular

Abstract Jianpi Qushi Heluo Formula (JQHF) is an empirical traditional Chinese medicine prescription for treating membranous nephropathy (MN) clinically in China. The therapeutic effect of JQHF has been reported in our previous studies. However, the exact mechanism is still unknown. In this study, by establishing an experimental rat model of MN induced by Sheep anti-rat Fx1A serum, we evaluated the effects of JQHF and Tetrandrine(TET), and Benazepril was used as a positive control group. As an autophagy agonist, TET is one of the most active components in JQHF. After 4 weeks, significant kidney damage was observed in the rats in the Model group; comparatively, JQHF markedly decreased 24 hour urinary protein, total cholesterol (TC) and increased serum albumin (ALB). Histology showed that JQHF significant improvements of glomerular hyperplasia, renal tubular damage, IgG immune complex deposition and the ultrastructure of mitochondria in MN rats. Flow cytometry analysis showed that treatment with JQHF decreasing the level of Reactive Oxygen Species and apoptosis rate, upregulating the level of mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blot analysis demonstrated that JQHF could protect against mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis by upregulating the expression of Parkin and LC3II, and downregulating the expression of Cytochrome c and Cleaved caspase-3 in the kidneys of MN rats. Similarly, TET treatment significantly upregulates the mitochondrial autophagy and decrease the apoptosis of rats after 4 weeks compared with the Model group. Notably, combined with the above results, the ability to alleviates renal damages of JQHF was significantly better than those of Benazepril and TET. It was demonstrated that JQHF could delay pathology damage to the kidney and hold back from the progression of MN by inhibiting apoptosis and upregulating the mitochondrial autophagy by Parkin pathways.

scholarly journals Jianpi Qushi Heluo Formula alleviates renal damages in Passive Hemann nephritis in rats by upregulating Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-hui Wang ◽  
Rui Lang ◽  
Qin Zeng ◽  
Ying Liang ◽  
Nan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Damage ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Tubular Damage ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Medicine Prescription ◽  
Chinese Medicine Prescription ◽  
Experimental Rat Model ◽  
Complex Deposition ◽  
Renal Tubular

AbstractJianpi Qushi Heluo Formula (JQHF) is an empirical traditional Chinese medicine prescription for treating Membranous Nephropathy (MN) clinically in China. The therapeutic effect of JQHF has been reported in our previous studies. However, the exact mechanism is still unknown. In this study, by establishing an experimental rat model of MN induced by Sheep anti-rat Fx1A serum, we evaluated the effects of JQHF and Tetrandrine (TET), and Benazepril was used as a positive control. As an autophagy agonist, TET is one of the most active components in JQHF. After 4 weeks, significant kidney damage was observed in the rats in the Model group; comparatively, JQHF markedly decreased 24 h urinary protein, Total Cholesterol (TC), and increased serum total Albumin (ALB). Histology showed that JQHF caused significant improvements in glomerular hyperplasia, renal tubular damage, IgG immune complex deposition, and the ultrastructure of mitochondria in MN rats. Flow cytometry analysis showed that treatment with JQHF reduced the level of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis rate, and upregulated mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blot analysis demonstrated that JQHF could protect against mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis by upregulating the expression of PINK1, Mitochondrial Parkin, and LC3-II/I, downregulating the expression of Cytoplasmic Parkin, P62, Cytochrome c, and Caspase-3 in the kidneys of MN rats. From images of co-immunofluorescence, it is observed significantly increase in the co-localization of PINK1 and Parkin, as well as LC3 and mitochondria. Similarly, TET treatment significantly upregulated the mitochondrial autophagy and reduced apoptosis in rats after 4 weeks compared with the model group. Comparatively, the ability of JQHF to alleviate renal damage was significantly higher than those of Benazepril and TET. It was demonstrated that JQHF could delay pathology damage to the kidney and hold back from the progression of MN by inhibiting apoptosis and upregulating the mitochondrial autophagy by PINK1/Parkin pathways.

Fractional excretion of magnesium as an early indicator of renal tubular damage in normotensive diabetic nephropathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-551
Author(s):  
Fatih Ozcelik ◽  
Serif Kactas ◽  
Halime Hanim Pence ◽  
Saadet Kurcenli ◽  
Erdim Sertoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Excretion ◽  
Study Patient ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tubular Damage ◽  
Renal Tubular Damage ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Excretion Rates ◽  
Urine And Serum ◽  
Diagnostic And Prognostic Value

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the present study is to evaluate the diagnostic powers of fractional magnesium, sodium and potassium as markers of renal tubular damage in normotensive type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with respect to microalbuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).Materials and methodsForty healthy volunteers and 91 normotensive T2DM patients were included in the study. Patient group was divided into two according to albuminuria level; 49 were normoalbuminuric and 42 were microalbuminuric. In addition to albumin in urine, urine and serum Na, K, Mg and creatinine values were measured to calculate fractional electrolyte excretion rates.ResultsIn normoalbuminuric and microalbuminuric groups, fractional excretion of magnesium (FEMg) values were found to be significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05). There was a moderate correlation between FEMg and albümin to cratinin ratio (ACR) (Spearman r = 0.3215, p < 0.05). In the ROC analysis for eGFR and FEMg based on microalbuminuria, the areas under the curve were 0.625 and 0.732, respectively (diagnostic sensitivity 59.52% and 66.67%; specificity 70.79% and 77.53%, p < 0.05).ConclusionFor renal tubular damage predicted by microalbuminuria, FEMg could be accepted as a candidate biochemical marker with diagnostic and prognostic value.

scholarly journals Effect of Malus halliana Koehne Polysaccharides on Functional Constipation

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 956-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Niu ◽  
Junya Wang ◽  
Pengyu Wang ◽  
Xiuchun Guo ◽  
Jinmei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Model Group

AbstractThe effects of Malus halliana Koehne polysaccharides on functional constipation was investigated in this study. The rats were divided into six groups: normal group, model group, positive control group, M. halliana polysaccharides high dose groups 1200 mg/ kg, medium dose groups 1000 mg/ kg and low dose groups 800 mg/kg. The model of constipation was established by loperamide hydrochloride. Feces weight at 6 and 24 hours after treatment, Colon moisture content, in addition the levels of motilin (MTL), gastrin (Gas), somatostatin (SS), substance P (SP) in serum were used to evaluate the preventive effects of M. halliana polysaccharides on constipation. Compared with the model group, the positive control group, M. halliana polysaccharide high, medium and low dose group 6 h weight of feces, colon moisture content, the levels of motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS) and substance P(SP) significantly (p <0.01) increased, the levels of somatostatin (SS) significantly decreased. The results indicated that the high, middle and low dosage of M. halliana polysaccharide could effectively improve functional constipation. Amongst these doses, the low dose group was better than others.

scholarly journals The Effect of High Temperature Roasted Coffea liberica on Physiological and Histological Structure of Mice’s Kidney

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Ivolanesky Putri Widodo ◽  
Syamsurizal Syamsurizal ◽  
Diah Tri Utami
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Fatty Degeneration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Tubular Damage ◽  
Roasting Process ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Coffea Liberica ◽  
Made In

Numerous varieties of coffee, such as robusta, arabica, gayo and etcetera, was made in order to fulfill the needs of its lovers. In Tungkal, Jambi, Liberica coffee was recently discovered and the chemical reactions during roasting process produces several components, which are caffeine, chlorogenic acid, monosaccharides and others, to create a unique flavor as the identity. Unique flavor of Liberica coffee is obtained from the high temperature roasting process and the components in coffee. This research aims to determine the effect of Liberica coffee (Coffea liberica), concentration (0, 8.000, 10.000 and 12.000 ppm/day) on the physiological and histological structure of the mice’s kidney (Mus musculus L.) for 28 days. The results was showed that kidney histological observation of fatty degeneration, tubular swelling, and pyknotic nucleus associated with percentages of renal tubular damage in the control group, P1, P2 and P3 were 0.71±0.96, 4.91±0.17, 5.82±0.21 and 9.01±0.13 indicating low damage (<50%) and liberica coffee does not affect physiological function, such as creatinine level.Keywords : Liberica coffee, kidney, histological

Immunomodulating Effects of Fractioned Polysaccharides Isolated from Yu-Ping-Feng-Powder in Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 631-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang-Tao Chen ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Hui-Li Wang ◽  
Wen-Ming Cheng ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
Splenocyte Proliferation ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Humoral And Cellular Immunity ◽  
Medicine Prescription ◽  
Chinese Medicine Prescription ◽  
Ifn Γ

Yu-Ping-Feng-Powder (YP), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, is widely applied in China for the cure and prevention of diseases related to immunodeficiency. To test whether the fractioned polysaccharides (YPF-P) isolated from YP have immunomodulating activities, the effects of YPF-P on cyclophosphamide (Cy)-treated mice were studied in relation to phagocytosis of macrophage, splenocyte proliferation, and humoral, and cellular immunity parameters. It was found that YPF-P enhances phagocytic activity, augments ConA- or LPS-stimulated T cell proliferation, increases the quantitative haemolysis of SRBC (QHS) and delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (DTH) to dinitrofluorobenzene. Hence, YPF-P restored the immuno-competence suppressed by Cy. YPF-P also augmented IL-2 and IFN-γ production, but failed to increase IL-4 production, which indicates that there is high probability that it enhance Th1 function. These results suggested that YPF-P has immunomodulating effects and that the polysaccharides constitute one of the active components of YP.

Effect of Curcumin on Diabetes in an Alloxan Mice Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming San Miao ◽  
Shuo Tian ◽  
Lin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Curcumin Treatment ◽  
Blank Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Different Doses

Objective: Research on the effect of Curcumin on diabetes in an alloxan mice model. Methods: The positive control group was given Diamicron suspension; High, medium and low treatment groups were given different doses of curcumin solution; Blank group and model group are given the same volume of saline. When the tenth, twentieth, thirtieth day of the administration, measured the blood glucose (BG) of the mice, after the last administration, observed pathological changes of the pancreas under light microscope. Results: Compared with normal control group, the model group level of BG were significantly higher in 10 days,20days,30days and the emergence of pancreatic lesions. Curcumin treatment groups were significantly reduced these abnormalities (P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion:Curcumin can reduce the lever of BG at the early diabetic mice and improved the pancreatic lesions caused by diabetes.

scholarly journals Efek Ekstrak Etanol Daun Gendola Merah (Basella alba L.) terhadap Kadar Kreatinin, Ureum dan Deskripsi Histologis Tubulus Ginjal Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Diabetes yang Diinduksi Streptozotocin

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Joni Tandi ◽  
Ayu Wulandari ◽  
Asrifa Asrifa
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
White Male ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tubular Damage ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Basella Alba ◽  
Group I

The objective of this study is to determine the effect and the effective dose of ethanolic extract of Red Gendola (Basella alba L.) leaves on creatinine, urea and description of histological tubular kidney of diabetic male rats induced by streptozotocin.  30 male rats devided into six groups : groups I, II, and III were the control groups and groups IV, V, and VI were the experimental groups. Groups II, III, IV, V, and VI are given induction of STZ 40 mg/kg BW in a single dose i.p on day 0. Normal control group I and negatif control group II were givenonly Sodium-CMC 0,5%; positive control group III was given glibenclamide 0,45 mg/kg BW; group IV, V, and VI were given each extract at a dose of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW in p.o every day. The obtained data were analyzed using one way Anova test at the level of 95 % early followed by LSD Post Hoc Test, and the level of regeneration of histological tubularkidney was observed by HE staining using Olympus BX-51 microscope with a scale of 100 μm and scoring data result of kidney tubular damage levels were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney test to see the differences between treatments.The results showed that ethanolic extract of red gendola with dose of 100 mg / kg BW give significant effect to decrease the creatinine content and 200 mg / kg BW give effect of decrease of ureum level of diabetic white male rats. Moreover, red gendola ethanolic extract has also an effect on cell regeneration in renal tubules with an effective dose of 400 mg /kg BW on diabetic male rats.

scholarly journals Effects of Phenylethanoid Glycosides Extracted from Herba Cistanches on the Learning and Memory of the APP/PSI Transgenic Mice with Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jianhua Yang ◽  
Bowei Ju ◽  
Junping Hu
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Phenylethanoid Glycosides ◽  
Step Down

Background. To investigate the effects of phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) extracted from Herba Cistanches on the behavioral and cognition capacity of the APP/PSI transgenic mice with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods. AD mice were randomly divided into the control group, model group, donepezil group, PhG groups, and verbascose group, respectively. Three weeks later, the animals were subject to behavioral and cognition evaluation by the nesting test, Morris water maze test, and step-down test. Results. The cognition capacity in these groups showed a significant increase compared with that in the model group. The step-down test indicated that the errors induced by the memory decrease in the PhG groups and verbascose group showed a significant decrease compared with those in the model group ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusions. PhGs attenuated the cognitive dysfunction features of the APP/PSI transgenic gene. Besides, PhGs were the active components for the anti-AD activity of H. Cistanches.

scholarly journals Effect of Flammulina velutipes (golden needle mushroom, eno-kitake) polysaccharides on constipation

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Xin ◽  
Kangwei Zheng ◽  
Yingying Niu ◽  
Miaomiao Song ◽  
Wenyi Kang
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hormones ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Flammulina Velutipes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Edible Fungus

AbstractFlammulina velutipes, (Curt. ex Fr.) Sing, a popularly edible fungus, has been widely used both as a restorative drug and a tonic food in China. In the current study, the effect ofF.velutipespolysaccharides was evaluated with a constipated rat model induced by loperamide hydrochloride. The rats were divided into six groups: normal group, model group, positive control group,F.velutipespolysaccharides high, moderate and low dose groups. Rats were given 2 mL of Loperamide hydrochloride (3 mg·kg·d), by intragastric administration 2 times per day for 10 days.F.velutipespolysaccharides at the doses of 600, 400 and 200 mg/kg (1 mL/100g weight) were administered to treat rats with constipation for 7 days. The gastrointestinal hormones, including motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS), substance P (SP), somatostatin (SS), and intestinal propulsive rate and feces weight at 24 hours after treatment were used as the indexes to evaluate the effects ofF.velutipespolysaccharides on constipation. The levels of MTL, GAS and SP in serum significantly increased and the levels of SS in serum of rats significantly decreased after the treatment of rats withF.velutipespolysaccharides as compared with those of rats in the model group.

scholarly journals ANTIEMETIC ACTIVITIES OF INDONESIAN STINGLESS BEE PROPOLIS ON EMETIC INDUCED BY ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS DRUGS

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
MAHANI ◽  
FIRMANSYAH FATURACHMAN ◽  
MICHELLE ◽  
ELAZMANAWATI LEMBONG ◽  
AHMAD SULAEMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

Objective: This study aims to determine the antiemetic potential of stingless bee propolis in reducing the prevalence of nausea due to consumption of Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs (ATD) in Tuberculosis patients and to identify phytochemical compounds that act as an antiemetic in propolis. Methods: The stingless bee propolis used was Wallacetrigona incisa from South Sulawesi. The clinical testing used the randomized controlled trial, randomization using permuted block randomization consisting of one positive control group and two treatment groups. The active components analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) pyrolyzer. Results: This study found that the measurement at week 0 obtained the mean value of nausea per week for each group P0 (Placebo), P1 (Propolis 6%), and P2 (Propolis 30%) were respectively 2.14; 1.5 and 5.2 events/week, at week 8 the prevalence of nausea by 2.0; 1.0; and 1.6 events/week, and week 24 the prevalence of nausea by 3.0; 0; and 0 events/week. There are 11 compounds with concentrations above 1% that act as antiemetic compounds either through direct and indirect mechanism with a total concentration reaches 75,47%. Conclusion: Based on all determinant parameters, propolis of Wallacetrigona incisa species from South Sulawesi has antiemetic activity and can reduce the prevalence of emetic induced by ATD consumption in pulmonary TB patients.

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