scholarly journals Has the Use of Contraceptive Helped in Averting Births? An Analysis of Births Averted in 21 Major States of India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Das ◽  
S.K. Singh ◽  
Bidhubhushan Mahapatra
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
State Level ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Female Sterilization ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Modern Contraception ◽  
Contraception Use

Abstract Background: In a highly populated country like India, family planning plays a major role in controlling population growth. Estimation of births averted helps in assessing the effectiveness of contraceptive methods. Since the 1950s, different strategies of family planning have been adopted to curb fertility rates by expanding the use of modern contraception among couples. As a result, there has been a steady increase in the users of family planning methods to curb their family sizes. However, there is variation in the adoption of contraceptive methods across the states. From earlier researches, it is established that the permanent modern methods like female sterilization, male sterilization, and IUCD are almost 100 percent effective methods to prevent pregnancy. This study, therefore, is a worthy attempt to estimate the births averted using modern contraception at present for Indian states with the help of the latest available data, by using the method suggested by Liu and others (2008)[11]. Results: The results of the analysis show that births averted were highest in Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra. However, the percentage reduction in births by the contraceptive method is highest in Punjab indicating the effectiveness of modern contraception use. Conclusions: The analysis of births-averted estimation not only shows the state-level variations but also its significant impact on reducing TFR. Further, female sterilization has the highest prevalence rate among the contraceptive method and averting the highest number of births.

scholarly journals The everlasting outmoded contraceptive method mix in Brazil and its legacy.

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Suzana Cavenaghi ◽  
José Eustáquio Diniz Alves
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Fertility Transition ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Female Sterilization ◽  
Family Planning Programs ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Method Mix

Fertility transition occurred in a short period of time in Brazilian the absence of family planning programs, and most noticeable, in a context of illegality in the provision of means of fertility selfregulation. These events did not happen without consequences. Based in the literature and facts registered during that time, the paper first discusses how the resistance to the implementation of family planning programs from the 1960s to the 1980s have contributed to the unbalanced contraceptive method mix in the 1990’s. Secondly, the paper will discuss problems around contraceptive data collection in the National Health Survey, and, performing an adjustment of the data, we analyze trends in the use of contraceptive methods from 1986 to 2013, showing that method mix continues to be very concentrated in the same two methods, an even more outdated scheme, with the daily pill exchanging first place with female sterilization. Finally, the paper discusses some fertility characteristics associated with the outdated contraceptive mix, still prevailing at the end of fertility transition, arguing that this could be avoided or minimized if policies and laws are based in reproductive rights of all people only. 

scholarly journals The everlasting outmoded contraceptive method mix in Brazil and its legacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Suzana Cavenaghi ◽  
José Eustáquio Diniz Alves
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Fertility Transition ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Female Sterilization ◽  
Family Planning Programs ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Method Mix

Fertility transition occurred in a short period of time in Brazilian the absence of family planning programs, and most noticeable, in a context of illegality in the provision of means of fertility selfregulation. These events did not happen without consequences. Based in the literature and facts registered during that time, the paper first discusses how the resistance to the implementation of family planning programs from the 1960s to the 1980s have contributed to the unbalanced contraceptive method mix in the 1990’s. Secondly, the paper will discuss problems around contraceptive data collection in the National Health Survey, and, performing an adjustment of the data, we analyze trends in the use of contraceptive methods from 1986 to 2013, showing that method mix continues to be very concentrated in the same two methods, an even more outdated scheme, with the daily pill exchanging first place with female sterilization. Finally, the paper discusses some fertility characteristics associated with the outdated contraceptive mix, still prevailing at the end of fertility transition, arguing that this could be avoided or minimized if policies and laws are based in reproductive rights of all people only. 

Embracing the Autonomy of Catholic Women – Discussing the Healthcare and Environmental Consequences of the Church’s Ban on Contraception

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 81-81
Author(s):  
Jan Greguš ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Modern Contraception ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

"The modern Catholic Church represents a body of 1.3 billion people who follow the Church’s teachings, given to them in the form of documents on different topics, including family issues. The latest, 2016 Apostolic Exhortation Amoris Laetitia, confirmed the previous documents on the topic, stating that periodical abstinence is the only contraceptive method possible for Catholic Christians. This means that 1.3 billion people are forbidden to use modern contraception. This significantly contributes to the spread of sexually transmitted infections (including AIDS/HIV pandemics) and the global epidemic of unintended pregnancies and their consequences (induced abortions, maternal and infant morbidity and mortality, etc.). These consequences are the most severe in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America, where the Catholic Church prevails. Unintended pregnancies also greatly contribute to the rapid population growth currently being witnessed by humanity. As such, unintended pregnancies lead to severe environmental consequences (environmental degradation, resource depletion, species extinction, climate change, etc.). Unintended pregnancies are highly preventable if women are well-informed about family planning methods and if they are free to choose a contraceptive method based on their personal opinion, expectations, contraindications, and more. This merely underlies the important fact that voluntary family planning is fundamental to human dignity and critical for women’s health as well as the health of the planet. For the aforementioned reasons, it is necessary to openly discuss the healthcare and environmental implications of the Church’s ban on modern contraception, and bring the Church’s representatives to acknowledgement of women’s autonomy to freely choose their preferable contraceptive method. "

scholarly journals The effect of Women’s decision-making autonomy on family Planning acces in Senegal in 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N M Sougou ◽  
O Bassoum ◽  
M M M M Leye ◽  
A Tal-Dia
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Use ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The impact of access to decision-making on women’s health in the choice of fertility control has been highlighted by research. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of access to decision-making for women’s health on access to family planning in Senegal in 2017. Methods The analyses of this study had been done on the Individual Records file of Senegal’s Demographic Health Survey 2017. This data covered 8865 women aged 15 to 49 years. The propensity scores matching method had been done. The variable access to the decision was considered as the variable of interest. Matching was done using variables that were not modified by the effect of the treatment. These were religion and socio-economic level. The outcome variables were modern contraceptive use, the existence of unmet needs and the type of modern contraceptive method used. Significance was at 5%. The condition of common support had been respected. The analysis was done with the STATA.15 software. Results Six percent (6.26%) of women could decide about their health on their own. Access to decision-making increased significantly with the woman’s age (p < 0.05). Fifteen percent (15.24%) women used a modern contraceptive method. Women using a contraceptive method were more numerous in the group with access to decision-making (29.43%) with a significant difference with the other group of 8% (p < 0.05). After matching, there was no significant difference between women in terms of modern contraceptive use and the existence of unmet needs. There was a significant difference in the type of contraceptive method used between the two groups of women. These differences were 23.17% for Intra Uterine Device, 52.98% for injections, 08.9% for implants and 10.79% for condoms. Conclusions Access to decision-making for health would facilitate women’s access to long-acting contraceptive methods. These findings show the importance of implementing gender transformative interventions in improving access to family planning. Key messages Access to decision-making for health would allow better access to modern contraceptive methods, especially those with a long duration of action. Better consideration of gender disparity reduction could improve access to family planning in Senegal.

scholarly journals Contraceptive prevalence and factors influencing utilization among women in Pakistan: a focus on gender-based violence

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thao Thi Nguyen ◽  
Sarah Neal
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Modern Contraception ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Contraceptive Prevalence ◽  
Gender Based

PurposeIn this study, the authors determined the prevalence of contraceptive use among Pakistani women and assessed factors influencing the utilization of contraception with a particular focus on the experience of gender-based violence.Design/methodology/approachThe dataset used in this study was the Pakistan Demographic Health Survey 2018, which includes married women only. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to investigate the association between contraceptive use and a number of explanatory variables including experience of gender-based violence.FindingsFrom 2006 to 2018, the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) and the use of modern contraceptive methods increased slowly. The findings of this study demonstrated that higher educational level and wealth index increased the likelihood of contraceptive uptake and the use of modern contraception. Media exposure to family planning and spousal communication were protective factors that encouraged women to use contraception, including modern contraception, to avoid unwanted pregnancy. Women who experienced gender-based violence (GBV) were more likely to use contraception than women who did not experience GBV.Research limitations/implicationsThe use of secondary data limited the variety of important variable that should be investigated including knowledge of women on SRH, the attitude of women toward SRH and family planning, the skills of a healthcare provider on counseling family planning, and other barrier variables such as transportation and willingness to pay for contraceptive methods. 10;The sensitivity of the topic is considered as another challenge when collecting data. Women might be hesitant to share about their GBV experience. The experience to GBV is also hard to define and depends on the feeling of each person, especially emotional violence.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the very few studies to examine the association between GBV and contraceptive use, and thus is valuable in opening up debate about the links between these two factors.

scholarly journals Determinants of Long Acting Contraception Among Women Using Modern Contraception in Cameroon.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Guy TOGUEM
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraception ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Long Acting

Abstract Background: In Cameroon, 23% of married women, 34% of sexually active single women have unmet needs for family planning and 58% of the reproductive age patients are not interested in family planning. While a long acting contraception such as intra uterine devise is known to be safe, highly effective, and cost effective; less than 1% of reproductive age women in Cameroon use a long acting reversible contraception. These contribute to Cameroon’s mother mortality rate of 600 per 100,000 live births. In this study, we tried to identify the determinants of use or none use of long acting contraception among Cameroonian women using a modern contraception so that they can be acted upon to improve long acting contraception use in cameroon.Methods: The study uses data from 2,231 women aged 15 to 49 years old, using a modern contraception and included in the demographic health survey of Cameroon 2018/19. Bivariate, then multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted for the study outcome of short versus long term modern contraception. Statistical significance was taken at p < 0.05.Results: Among women using a modern contraception in Cameroon, 45.4% were using a long acting contraception. The mean determinants for this were: increase age, being more than 10 people in the household, belonging to the poorer and middle economic quintiles, being insulted or made to feel bad sometimes by the husband or the partner. Conclusion: To improve the use of long acting contraception among women using a modern contraception in Cameroon, a special consideration should be given to women experiencing domestic violence without forgetting the other determinants.

scholarly journals Determinants of contraceptive method choice in Bangladesh: Male perspectives

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shahidul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Family Planning Programs ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
High Level

Family planning programs are considered to be an important way to control the rapid population growth of Bangla-desh with the main focus being women. As a male dominant country, the knowledge of, attitude towards, and ap-proval of family planning is largely influenced by the male member of couples in their choice of appropriate contra-ceptive methods. This paper examined the determinants of current choices in family planning methods in relation to male knowledge, attitude and approval of family planning practices in Bangladesh. A total of 430 married men aged 15-49 years were interviewed in Narsingdi, a district town of Bangladesh. The findings revealed that the men’s level of contraceptive knowledge and their attitude to modern contraceptive was high in this area. The findings asserted that the contraceptive prevalence rate among couples was (62.1%), with oral pills (26.51%) and withdrawals (6.25%) being the most preferred modern and traditional methods respectively. The multinomial logistic regression model has been applied to understand the determinants of the choice of contraceptive method. These findings indi-cated that women in skilled occupation, positive attitude towards modern contraceptives of male, high level of knowledge on contraceptive methods of male, approval of family planning by male, and current living children had significantly more positive effects on using modern contraceptives by the couple. It was also found that couples who desired more children were less likely to use modern contraceptives. Alternatively, the education level of the hus-band and the desired number of additional children had a negative impact on the use of traditional methods while media exposure, a high level of knowledge on contraceptives, and an approval of family planning had positive im-pacts on the use of traditional contraceptives over not using any method. The government should increase the fund-ing and availability of family planning programs which promote the use of modern contraceptive methods, espe-cially those that are targeted towards the male population. South East Asia Journal of Public Health 2013; 3(1): 50-56 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v3i1.17711

scholarly journals PARITAS, PEKERJAAN DAN PENDIDIKAN BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMILIHAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI MKJP PADA AKSEPTOR KB

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 744-750
Author(s):  
Novi Eniastina Jasa ◽  
Akma Listiana ◽  
Risneni Risneni
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Selection Of

Introduction : Long Term Contraceptive Method (MKJP) is a contraceptive method used to delay, space out pregnancy, and stop fertility that is used in the long term, which includes IUD (Intra Uterine Device), Implant (KB) and tubectomy. The MKJP failure rate is reported to be 0.2 per thousand users, while the non MKJP method is reported to be more than 10 per thousand users. From this, it can be seen that the MKJP method is more effective in preventing pregnancy in its users. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parity, employment and education with the selection of Long-term Contraceptive Methods (MKJP) at PMB Rosbiatul.Method : The research design is correlational descriptive with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all MKJP and Non MKJP family planning acceptors who visited PMB Rosbiatul with a total of 194 respondents. The sampling technique in this study is total sampling where the entire population is used as a research sample, namely as many as 194 respondents. The variables in this study were parity, occupation and education with the selection of the MKJP Contraceptive Device. The measuring instrument used is a data collection format in the form of a checklist. This research was carried out from January to August in 2021. The data analysis used was quantitative analysis carried out through univariate analysis to see the distribution of each variable, bivariate analysis using Chi Square.Results : Of the 194 family planning acceptors, 82 people (42.3%) used the Long-Term Contraception Method (MKJP) and 112 people (57.7%) used the Non-MKJP Contraception Method. From 194 there were 123 multiparous (63.4%), and 71 primiparous (36.6%). From 194 people, 69 respondents (35.6%) worked and 125 people (64.4%) did not work. From 194 people, there are 133 respondents (68.6%) with higher education and 61 respondents (31.4%) with low education. From the results of the study, it is known that there is a relationship between the selection of the MKJP KB with maternal education with a p value of 0.002, there is a relationship between the selection of the MKJP KB with the mother's occupation, with a p value of 0.003, and there is a relationship between the selection of the MKJP KB with maternal parity with a p value. value 0.003.Conclusion :  The conclusion of the study is that there is a significant relationship between parity, education and mother's occupation with the choice of long-term contraceptive method (MKJP). Suggestion : Health workers are expected to be able to provide counseling and information about Long-Term Contraceptive Methods (MKJP) for effectiveness in preventing or spacing pregnancies. Keywords : parity, employment, education, MKJP ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang (MKJP) adalah metode kontrasepsi yang digunakan untuk menunda, menjarangkan kehamilan, serta menghentikan kesuburan yang digunakan dalam jangka panjang, yang meliputi IUD (Intra Uterine Device) , Implant (susuk KB) dan tubektomi. Angka kegagalan MKJP dilaporkan sebesar 0,2 perseribu pengguna, sedangkan metode non MKJP dilaporkan terjadi lebih dari 10 perseribu pengguna. Dari hal tersebut terlihat bahwa metode MKJP lebih efektif untuk dapat mencegah terjadinya kehamilan pada penggunanya.. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Hubungan paritas, pekerjaan dan pendidikan dengan pemilihan Metode Kontrasepsi jangka Panjang  (MKJP)  di PMB Rosbiatul.Metode Penelitian: Design penelitian adalah deskriptif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua akseptor KB MKJP dan Non MKJP yang mengunjungi PMB Rosbiatul dengan jumlah 194 responden. Tekhnik pengambilan sample pada penelitian ini adalah total sampling dimana seluruh populasi di jadikan sample penelitian yaitu sebanyak 194 responden. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah paritas, pekerjaan dan pendidikan dengan pemilihan Alat Kontrasepsi MKJP. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah format pengumpulan data berupa checklist.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai bulan Agustus pada tahun 2021. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif dilakukan melalui analisis univariat untuk melihat distribusi masing-masing variabel, analisis bivariate menggunakan Chi Square.Hasil penelitian: Dari 194 akseptor KB sebanyak 82 orang ( 42,3%) menggunakan Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang (MKJP) dan sebanyak 112 orang (57,7%) menggunakan Metode Kontrasepsi Non MKJP. Dari 194 ada 123 multipara (63,4%), dan 71 0rang primipara (36,6%). Dari 194 orang sebesar 69 responden (35,6%) bekerja dan 125 orang (64,4%) tidak bekerja. Dari 194 orang terdapat 133 responden (68,6%) pendidikan tinggi dan 61 responden (31,4%) pendidikan rendah. Dari  hasil penelitian diketahui terdapat hubungan antara pemilihan KB MKJP dengan pendidikan ibu dengan nilai p.value 0,002, terdapat hubungan antara pemilihan KB MKJP dengan pekerjaan ibu, dengan nilai p value 0,003, dan terdapat hubungan antara pemilihan KB MKJP dengan paritas ibu dengan nilai p.value 0,003.Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara paritas, pendidikan dan pekerjaan ibu dengan pemilihan metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang (MKJP).Saran: Bagi tenaga kesehatan diharapkan dapat memberikan konseling serta informasi tentang Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang (MKJP) untuk efektifitas dalam mencegah atau menjarangkan kehamilan Kata Kunci: paritas, pekerjaan, pendidikan, MKJP

scholarly journals A prospective study of demographic and socioeconomic factors responsible for non-acceptance of family planning methods at tertiary care teaching hospital, Gujarat, Indiaal, Gujarat, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3361
Author(s):  
Neelam Joharwal ◽  
Shital Kapadia
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Family Planning Methods

Background: Population explosion has been major challenge for India since Independence. The adoption of contraceptive methods remains the best solution to this problem. The objective of this study was to determine the factors for non-acceptance of different contraceptive methods among married women of postnatal ward in tertiary care hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. The aim of the study was to analyse about the level of awareness and attitude towards different methods of contraception among married women of reproductive age groups.Methods: It was a prospective observational study carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, B. J. Medical College, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, a tertiary care teaching hospital from June 2019 to November 2020. 200 patients meeting inclusion criteria were included. Case sheets were analysed to obtain data regarding reasons for non-acceptance of contraceptive methods.Results: In our study, we found that among study population 64% women use family planning methods, which was still low as compared to developed countries. 36% women were non-users in study population. The main reason of non-acceptance of contraceptive method were desire for male child, non-allowance by religion/custom, the myth regarding price of contraceptive method, desire of more children and worry about side effects.Conclusions: To increase the use of contraceptive among women, we can increase awareness about different family planning method with counselling about various available contraceptives. It is also important to increase participation of husbands as they often influence the decision regarding reproductive health of women.

scholarly journals Peran perempuan dalam penggunaan alat kontrasepsi

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Anis Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenology ◽  
Study Researcher ◽  
Experiences Of Women ◽  
Choice Frequency

Family planning is a program established by government to minimize the population explosion by preventing pregnancy and child birth. Women are naturally able to conceive and give birth so they become the target of higher contraceptive use than men. Women in the Pucangro Village Kalitengah subdistrict in Lamongan regency explained their experiences and knowledge they have in using contraception. This type of research is qualitative phenomenology. In this study, researcher explains knowledge and experiences of women in using contraception. Information obtained through observation of women’s life by conducting interview with five women who use contraceptives. Contraception which used by many people in Pucangro Village, Kalitengah subdistrict, Lamongan regency are injection, pill, implant and steady contraception. Women often change contraception methods to adjust the most suitable type for their body because of the effects of contraception make users uncomfortable. Even so, informants persist in using contraception because they have no other choice. Frequency in changing contraceptive method also due to women's knowledge about contraceptive methods which is critically low, such knowledge is mostly gained throughm experiences from parents and siblings. The partner (husband) are less involved and do not want to know the use of contraception’s partner (wife). Several factors that stimulate contraception usage are knowledge possession, level of education, encouragement from family or partner, and side effect of the contraception itself. Women have the power to determine the type of contraception they prefer but no power to refuse using contraception even though negative effects are most likely to occur.

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