scholarly journals Expression of membrane progesterone receptors in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDGAR RICARDO VAZQUEZ-MARTINEZ ◽  
Claudia Bello-Alvarez ◽  
Ana Lorena Hermenegildo-Molina ◽  
Mario Solís-Paredes ◽  
Sandra Parra-Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Eutopic Endometrium ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Progesterone Resistance ◽  
Gynecological Diseases ◽  
Membrane Progesterone Receptors ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Ectopic Endometrium

Abstract Background: Endometriosis is one of the most frequent gynecological diseases in reproductive age women, but its etiology is not completely understood. Endometriosis is characterized by progesterone resistance, which has been explained in part by a decrease in the expression of the intracellular progesterone receptor in the ectopic endometrium. Progesterone action is also mediated by non-genomic mechanisms via membrane progesterone receptors that belong to the class II members of the progesterone and adipoQ receptor (PAQR) family. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression at mRNA and protein levels of PAQR family members in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Methods : Total RNA and total protein were isolated from control endometrium (17 samples), eutopic endometrium (17 samples), and ectopic endometrium (9 samples). The expression of PAQR7 ( mPRα ) , PAQR8 , (mPRβ) PAQR5 ( mPRγ ) , and PAQR6 ( mPRδ ) at mRNA and protein levels was evaluated by RT-qPCR and western blot. Statistical analysis between comparable groups was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons test with a confidence interval of 95%. Results : The analysis of gene expression showed that PAQR7 and PAQR5 expression was lower in both eutopic and ectopic endometrium as compared to the endometrium of women without endometriosis, whereas the expression of PAQR8 and PAQR6 was only reduced in eutopic endometrium. Furthermore, mPRα and mPRβ protein content was decreased in the ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Conclusions : Our results demonstrate a decrease in the expression and protein content of mPRs in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis, which could contribute to the progesterone resistance observed in patients with this disease.

scholarly journals Expression of membrane progesterone receptors in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDGAR RICARDO VAZQUEZ-MARTINEZ ◽  
Claudia Bello-Álvarez ◽  
Ana Lorena Hermenegildo-Molina ◽  
Mario Solís-Paredes ◽  
Sandra Parra-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Eutopic Endometrium ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Progesterone Resistance ◽  
Gynecological Diseases ◽  
Membrane Progesterone Receptors ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Ectopic Endometrium

Abstract Background: Endometriosis is one of the most frequent gynecological diseases in reproductive age women, but its etiology is not completely understood. Endometriosis is characterized by progesterone resistance, which has been explained in part by a decrease in the expression of the intracellular progesterone receptor in the ectopic endometrium. Progesterone action is also mediated by non-genomic mechanisms via membrane progesterone receptors that belong to the class II members of the progesterone and adipoQ receptor (PAQR) family. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression at mRNA and protein levels of PAQR family members in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Methods: Total RNA and total protein were isolated from control endometrium (17 samples), eutopic endometrium (17 samples), and ectopic endometrium (9 samples). The expression of PAQR7 ( mPRα ) , PAQR8 , (mPRβ) PAQR5 ( mPRγ ) , and PAQR6 ( mPRδ ) at mRNA and protein levels was evaluated by RT-qPCR and western blot. Statistical analysis between comparable groups was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons test with a confidence interval of 95%. Results: The analysis of gene expression showed that PAQR7 and PAQR5 expression was lower in both eutopic and ectopic endometrium as compared to the endometrium of women without endometriosis, whereas the expression of PAQR8 and PAQR6 was only reduced in eutopic endometrium. Furthermore, mPRα and mPRβ protein content was decreased in the ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate a decrease in the expression and protein content of mPRs in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis, which could contribute to the progesterone resistance observed in patients with this disease.

scholarly journals Expression of Membrane Progesterone Receptors in Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrium of Women with Endometriosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Ricardo Vázquez-Martínez ◽  
Claudia Bello-Alvarez ◽  
Ana Lorena Hermenegildo-Molina ◽  
Mario Solís-Paredes ◽  
Sandra Parra-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Eutopic Endometrium ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Progesterone Resistance ◽  
Gynecological Diseases ◽  
Membrane Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Ectopic Endometrium

Endometriosis is one of the most frequent gynecological diseases in reproductive age women, but its etiology is not completely understood. Endometriosis is characterized by progesterone resistance, which has been explained in part by a decrease in the expression of the intracellular progesterone receptor in the ectopic endometrium. Progesterone action is also mediated by nongenomic mechanisms via membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs) that belong to the class II members of the progesterone and adipoQ receptor (PAQR) family. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression at mRNA and protein levels of mPR members in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Total RNA and total protein were isolated from control endometrium (17 samples), eutopic endometrium (17 samples), and ectopic endometrium (9 samples). The expression of PAQR7 (mPRα), PAQR8 (mPRβ), and PAQR6 (mPRδ) at mRNA and protein levels was evaluated by RT-qPCR and Western blot, whereas PAQR5 (mPRγ) gene expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR. Statistical analysis between comparable groups was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test with a confidence interval of 95 %. The analysis of gene expression showed that PAQR7 and PAQR5 expression was lower in both eutopic and ectopic endometrium as compared to the endometrium of women without endometriosis, whereas the expression of PAQR8 and PAQR6 was only reduced in eutopic endometrium. Furthermore, mPRα and mPRβ protein content was decreased in the ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Our results demonstrate a decrease in the expression and protein content of mPRs in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis, which could contribute to the progesterone resistance observed in patients with this disease.

Vitamin D3 induces the expression of membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs) on naive CD4+ T lymphocyte cells in women of reproductive age

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Mitra Rafiee ◽  
Mohsen Naseri ◽  
Maryam Akbari-Fakhrabadi ◽  
Narges Motamedi ◽  
Ataollah Ghahiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Membrane Progesterone Receptors

scholarly journals Kuntai Capsule Inhibited Endometriosis via Inducing Apoptosis in a Rat Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruihua Zhong ◽  
Aying Ma ◽  
Jianping Zhu ◽  
Guoting Li ◽  
Shuwu Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Western Blot Assay ◽  
Eutopic Endometrium ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Ectopic Endometrium

We evaluated the effectiveness of Kuntai Capsule (KTC) for treating endometriosis using rat model and investigated its preliminary mechanism of action involved. SD rats were implanted with endometrial tissues and treated with KTC for three weeks. Then, laparotomy was performed to examine volume changes of the autografts. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, E2, and P4 were measured through ELISA. TUNEL was performed to analyze the apoptosis on ectopic endometrium. Protein levels of caspases 8, 9, and 3 and cytochrome c in the ectopic and eutopic endometrium were measured by western blotting. Results showed that KTC significantly decreased the volumes of ectopic endometrium. The level of TNF-αincreased and E2decreased in the KTC treatment groups. TUNEL and western blot assay showed that KTC could induce apoptosis of endometriotic tissues, accompanied with the increased protein expression of caspases 8 and 9, activated caspase-3, and cytochrome c in a dose-dependent manner. However, these protein expression profiles were not affected in eutopic endometrium. Our findings suggest that KTC could inhibit the growth of ectopic endometrial tissue through upregulating the level of TNF-αand its downstream signaling, including caspases and cytochrome c.

scholarly journals PPARy Expression in Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrium of Reproductive Age Women with Endometriosis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adya F Dilmy ◽  
Muharam Natadisastra ◽  
Kanadi Sumapradja
Keyword(s):  
Obstet Gynecol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eutopic Endometrium ◽  
Reproductive Age Women ◽  
Keywords Endometriosis ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Qpcr Method ◽  
Ectopic Endometrium

Objective: To evaluate the expression of PPARy receptor and to compare its expression in eutopic and ectopic endometrium in women with endometriosis. Method: This is a cross sectional study. Ten female subjects with endometriosis that underwent laparoscopy or laparotomy who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited by consecutive sampling. Two samples were taken, eutopic endometrium and ectopic endometrium from endometriosis cyst wall during surgery of each subject. PPARy expression was examined by two-step RT-qPCR. Our data was statistically examined using the paired t-test and Pearson’s correlation test. Result: PPARy was found to be expressed in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis using the RT-qPCR method. The expression of PPARy was not statistically different in eutopic and ectopic endometrium (1.16 relative fold vs 1.25 relative fold; p=0.26). By Pearson’s correlation there was a weak positive correlation between PPARy expression of eutopic and ectopic endometrium (r=0.16). Conclusion: PPARy was detected by two-step RT-qPCR in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Semiquantification of PPARy expression showed that there was no significant difference between PPARy expression in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. There was a weak positive correlation between PPARy expression in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 3-4: 200-205] Keywords: endometriosis, PPARy, two-step RT-qPCR

scholarly journals Expression of membrane progesterone receptors on human T lymphocytes and Jurkat cells and activation of G-proteins by progesterone

2007 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Dosiou ◽  
A E Hamilton ◽  
Y Pang ◽  
M T Overgaard ◽  
S Tulac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Jurkat Cells ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Inhibitory G Protein ◽  
Membrane Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Cluster Of Differentiation

Although there is significant evidence for progesterone's role as an immunomodulator, nuclear progesterone receptors have not been consistently identified in immune cells. Recently, three new putative membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs), mPRα, mPRβ, and mPRγ have been described. The objective of this study was to examine whether mPRs are expressed in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) in women of reproductive age, and to further characterize them in T lymphocytes and immortalized T cells (Jurkat cells). Transcripts for mPRα and mPRβ but not mPRγ, were detected by RT-PCR in PBLs, T lymphocytes, and Jurkat cells. Western blot analysis showed the presence of the mPRα and mPRβ proteins on cell membranes of T lymphocytes and Jurkat cells. Expression of the mPRα mRNA was upregulated in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in cluster of differentiation (CD)8+, but not in CD4+, T lymphocytes. Radioreceptor assays revealed specific [3H]progesterone binding to T- and Jurkat cell membranes (Kd 4.25 nM) characteristic of steroid membrane receptors. Progesterone activated an inhibitory G-protein (Gi), suggesting that mPRs are coupled to Gi in Jurkat cells. These results suggest a potential novel mechanism for progesterone's immunoregulatory function through activation of mPRs.

Gender dimorphism in rat liver mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and biogenesis

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (2) ◽  
pp. C372-C378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Justo ◽  
Jordi Boada ◽  
Margalida Frontera ◽  
Jordi Oliver ◽  
Jordi Bermúdez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Gender Dimorphism ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Mitochondrial Fractions ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Metabolism

In the present study, we have investigated gender differences in rat liver mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Total mitochondrial population (M) as well as the heavy (M1), medium (M3), and light (M8) mitochondrial fractions obtained by means of differential centrifugation steps at 1,000, 3,000, and 8,000 g, respectively, were isolated. Electron microscopic analysis was performed and mitochondrial protein content and cardiolipin levels, mitochondrial O2 flux, ATP synthase activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) protein levels were measured in each sample. Our results indicate that mitochondria from females have higher protein content and higher cardiolipin levels, greater respiratory and phosphorylative capacities, and more-energized mitochondria in respiratory state 3. Moreover, protein levels of TFAM were four times greater in females than in males. Gender differences in the aforementioned parameters were more patent in the isolated heavy M1 and M3 mitochondrial fractions. The present study demonstrates that gender-related differences in liver mitochondrial function are due mainly to a higher capacity and efficiency of substrate oxidation, likely related to greater mitochondrial machinery in females than in males, which is in accord with greater mitochondrial differentiation in females.

Effects of variations in dietary protein levels on hair growth and pelt quality in mink (Mustela vison)

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palle V. Rasmussen ◽  
Christian F. Børsting
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Hair Fibre

The effect of different and shifting dietary protein levels on hair growth and the resulting pelt quality in mink was studied. Two groups of pastel female mink were fed either 59% (high protein, HP) or 40% (low protein, LP) of metabolisable energy (ME) from protein during pregnancy and lactation. Shortly after weaning, kits from females fed the LP diet were put on a new LP diet (21% protein of ME). Kits from females fed HP were randomly distributed to four experimental groups fed a new HP diet (34% protein of ME) and three of these groups were shifted to diets with 21% protein at different times during June until September. Skin biopsies were taken at 4, 6, 23 and, 29 wk of age. Histological techniques and computer-assisted light microscopy were used to determine the ratio of activity (ROA) of underfur and guard hairs, respectively, defined as the number of growing hairs as a percentage of the total number of hairs. The hair fibre length and thickness were determined by morphometric methods and correlated with fur properties of dried pelts judged by sensory methods. It was documented that 40% of ME from protein during pregnancy and lactation was sufficient for mink kits to express their genetic capacity to produce hair follicles. In males, a reduced protein level from the age of 15 wk or 22 wk until pelting disturbed moulting, indicated by a low ROA of underfur hairs at 23 wk, and consequently reduced the growth and development of the winter coat. A constantly low protein level from conception until the age of 29 wk did not disturb moulting, but led to a reduction of primeness and especially of the underfur length and fibre thickness of the winter coat. A low protein level from the age of 9 wk only reduced the thickness of the underfur fibres. Hair growth, final fur volume, and general quality of the winter coat of males were influenced negatively and to the same degree in all groups fed the LP diet in part of the growth period. The number of underfur hairs per area (hair density) of the winter coat was not influenced by the dietary treatment meaning that the protein content of 21% of ME in the LP diet was high enough for the mink to express its genetic capacity to develop hair follicles. However, this low protein content led to a reduction of hair fibre length and hair fibre thickness of the underfur. Overall, this study demonstrated that hair growth and hair properties in pelts are very dependent on the dietary protein supply in the period from 22 wk of age until pelting, irrespective of the supply in the preceding periods. Key words: Fur properties, hair fibres, nutrition, pelage, protein requirement

Folate contraception and clinical practice

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Vera N. Prilepskaya ◽  
Lana L. Bostandzhian
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Folate Supplementation ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Dosage Regimens ◽  
Gynecological Diseases ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancies ◽  
Fetal Malformations

Since the first pill, there has been a significant evolution of hormonal contraception: low- and micro-dose drugs have appeared, drugs with components as close as possible to endogenous hormones have been developed, new dosage regimens and routes of contraceptive administration have been created. Modern combined oral contraceptives are not only used to prevent unwanted pregnancies, but are also widely used to treat a number of gynecological and non-gynecological diseases. In recent years, two new combined oral contraceptives with folate supplementation have been developed. The main purpose of adding folate to contraceptives is the prevention of fetal malformations, which is ensured by an increase in the level of folate in the body of women of reproductive age against the background of contraception and after its withdrawal.

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