Amelioration of Autoimmunity and Inflammation by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Experimental Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the lining of the synovial joints and approximately affects 0.5-1% of the total population imposing a socioeconomic burden. Currently, there is no cure for RA, but receiving proper medical care at early stages of the disease is of high importance, to prevent the progressive disability and premature death. Using rat animal model injected with Complete Freund’s adjuvant proved to be successful in induction of a state highly resembling RA in human. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are considered as one of the most important metal oxide nanoparticles due to their exclusive properties, and they are currently merged in several biological applications due to their biocompatibility, low cost, and high safety profile. In this study, we demonstrated the novel possible beneficial effects of using zinc oxide nanoparticles, on such devastating severe disease. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) proved to reduce the adjuvant-induced increased productions of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10, total leukocyte count, rheumatoid factor, anti-CCP levels in rats, suggesting an interesting option to be available either alone or in combinations to better control RA.In conclusion we recommend the expansion of more in vivo studies to highlight the benefits which could be obtained of nanoparticles either alone or in combination with the known anti-arthritic and/or anti-inflammatory agents; giving rise to new protocols to maximize the control of RA.

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Role of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Fenugreek Seeds Extract as Anticancer Agent: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520621666210126093028 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Aliaa M. Radwan ◽

Eman F. Aboelfetoh ◽

Tetsunari Kimura ◽

Tarek M. Mohamed ◽

Mai M. El-Keiy

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Fenugreek Seeds ◽

X Ray

Background: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are one of the metal oxide nanoparticles, which have attracted the interest of the researchers due to their biocompatibility, easily surface functionalization, and cancer targeting. Objective: This study was designated to investigate the potential antitumor activity of the biologically synthesized ZnO NPs alone or in combination with doxorubicin using Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) model. Methods: In this study, ZnO NPs were prepared by green approach using fenugreek seeds extract as reducing and capping agent then characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-V spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The prepared nanoparticles were tested for in vitro and in vivo studies using different parameters. Results: Zinc oxide nanoparticles were determined to have cytotoxicity against different cancer cell lines with lower toxicity against normal one. Moreover, the in vivo study, demonstrated that the intraperitoneal injection of ZnO NPs alone or combined with doxorubicin in EAC mice inhibited the proliferation and growth of EAC by decreasing the ascetic volume and viable tumor cell count. This anti-proliferative efficiency of ZnO NPs was due to cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and induction of apoptosis via upregulating the expression of caspase-3 and Bax and downregulating the expression of Bcl-2. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that the biologically synthesized ZnO NPs may be a promising nanomedicine therapy for cancer treatment in the future.

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Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Aspergillus niger on Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia In Vitro and In Vivo

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fcimb.2021.748739 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Elsayim Rasha ◽

Manal M. Alkhulaifi ◽

Monerah AlOthman ◽

Ibrahim Khalid ◽

Elnagar Doaa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Zno Nps ◽

X Ray ◽

Carbapenem Resistant

Currently, the mortality rate in Saudi Arabia’s ICUs is increasing due to the spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing bacteria. This study was carried out to evaluate the ability of biologically synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using Aspergillus niger to overcome carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (KPC) in vitro and in vivo. ZnO-NPs were synthesized via a biological method and characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, Zetasizer and zeta potential analyses, x-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). In vitro sensitivity of KPC to ZnO-NPs was identified using the well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by a macro-dilution method. The morphological alteration of KPC cells after ZnO-NPs treatment was observed by SEM. The in vivo susceptibility of KPC cells to ZnO-NPs ointment was evaluated using wound healing in experimental rats. The chemical characterization findings showed the formation, stability, shape, and size of the synthesized nanoparticles. The MIC and MBC were 0.7 and 1.8 mg/ml, respectively. The in vivo results displayed reduced inflammation and wound re-epithelialization of KPC-infected rats. These findings demonstrated that ZnO-NPs have great potential to be developed as antibacterial agents.

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Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles via Algal Route and its Action on Cancerous Cells and Pathogenic Microbes

Advanced Nano Research ◽

10.21467/anr.3.1.15-27 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 15-27

Author(s):

Priyankari Bhattacharya ◽

Kasturi Chatterjee ◽

Snehasikta Swarnakar ◽

Sathi Banerjee

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Melanoma Cells ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Cellular Viability ◽

Zno Nps ◽

B16f10 Cells ◽

Melanoma B16f10 ◽

Minimal Damage

Application of metal oxide nanoparticles for treatment of melanoma cells and microbes is being investigated. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) deserve special mention where particles cause destruction of melanoma cells with minimal damage to healthy cells. In the present study, pure phase ZnO NPs with particle size of 3.1 nm were synthesized by green route using algal extract. Skin melanoma (B16F10) cells were treated with synthesized ZnO NP and compared with commercial ZnO NPs and analysed for ED50 for cellular viability using 3% (w/v) of the doses. Sensitivity of B16F10 cells towards green synthesized ZnO NP was found to be more than commercial ZnO NPs. Results showed greater reduction in viability of cells exposed to green synthesized ZnO NPs and with increasing dose of the ZnO NPs, percentage viability of cells gradually reduced. 50% decrease in cellular viability (ED50) was obtained for green synthesized ZnO NP at 3% dose while commercial ZnO exhibited ED50 at 6% of doses. The ZnO NP also showed antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas sp. and Staphylococcus sp. Zone of inhibition (ZOI) exhibited by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus for disc diffusion and well diffusion assay was around 10-22 mm and 9-12mm respectively.

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Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Its Biomedical Applications: A Review

Journal of Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37934/jrnn.1.1.6274 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 62-74

Author(s):

Hemra Hamrayev ◽

Kamyar Shameli ◽

Serdar Korpayev

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Green Synthesis ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Research Progress ◽

Future Research ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Chemical Production ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Biomedical Fields

The rise of nanotechnology has brought to the world a new potential and broader perspective of what humanity can achieve through material manipulation at the nanoscale. In the past two decades, ZnO NPs have become one of the most popular metal oxide nanoparticles in biological applications due to their excellent biocompatibility, economic, and low toxicity. Interestingly, the green method of synthesis using plant sources have been found appropriate for the production of ZnO NPs dues to its numerous health, environmental, economic, and medicinal benefits. Due to the large rate of toxic chemicals and extreme environment employed in the physical and chemical production of these nanoparticles, green methods employing the use of plants, fungus, bacteria, and algae have been adopted. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have been successfully obtained by green synthesis using different biological substrates. ZnO NPs have emerged a promising potential in biomedicine, especially in the fields of anticancer and antibacterial fields, which are involved with their potent ability to trigger excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, release zinc ions, and induce cell apoptosis. This review summarizes the green synthesis and recent advances of ZnO NPs in the biomedical fields, which will be helpful for facilitating their future research progress and focusing on biomedical fields.

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Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Prime a Protective Immune Response in Galleria mellonella to Defend Against Candida albicans

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.766138 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Mei-nian Xu ◽

Li Li ◽

Wen Pan ◽

Huan-xin Zheng ◽

Meng-lei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Zinc Oxide ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Galleria Mellonella ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Zno Nps

Purpose: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have exerted antimicrobial properties. However, there is insufficient evaluation regarding the in vivo antifungal activity of ZnO-NPs. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of ZnO-NPs in controlling Candida albicans in the invertebrate Galleria mellonella.Methods:Galleria mellonella larvae were injected with different doses of ZnO-NPs to determine their in vivo toxicity. Non-toxic doses of ZnO-NPs were chosen for prophylactic injection in G. mellonella followed by C. albicans infection. Then the direct in vitro antifungal effect of ZnO-NPs against C. albicans was evaluated. In addition, the mode of action of ZnO-NPs was assessed in larvae through different assays: quantification of hemocyte density, morphology observation of hemocytes, characterization of hemocyte aggregation and phagocytosis, and measurement of hemolymph phenoloxidase (PO) activity.Results: Zinc oxide nanoparticles were non-toxic to the larvae at relatively low concentrations (≤20 mg/kg). ZnO-NP pretreatment significantly prolonged the survival of C. albicans-infected larvae and decreased the fungal dissemination and burden in the C. albicans-infected larvae. This observation was more related to the activation of host defense rather than their fungicidal capacities. Specifically, ZnO-NP treatment increased hemocyte density, promoted hemocyte aggregation, enhanced hemocyte phagocytosis, and activated PO activity in larvae.Conclusion: Prophylactic treatment with lower concentrations of ZnO-NPs protects G. mellonella from C. albicans infection. The innate immune response primed by ZnO-NPs may be part of the reason for the protective effects. This study provides new evidence of the capacity of ZnO-NPs in enhancing host immunity and predicts that ZnO-NPs will be attractive for further anti-infection applications.

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Using Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles to Alleviate the Toxicity on Banana Parasitic-Nematode

10.21203/rs.3.rs-186764/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mostafa elansary ◽

Ragaa Hamouda ◽

Maha Elshamy

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Second Stage ◽

Highest Weight ◽

Direct Exposure

Abstract We appraised the use of zinc oxide nanoparticles, (ZnO-NPs) and zinc oxide bulk (ZnO-bulk) or zinc acetate, as a natural nematocide, alone or in combination with oxamyl in vitro and in vivo trials in order to improve systems for root-knot nematode (RKNs) control in banana plants. Especially, ZnO-NPs were biosynthesized from the alga, Ulva fasciata. In general, all applications of ZnO-NPs were more effective to control RKNs than ZnO-bulk as well oxamyl alone (chemical control). In in vitro conditions, ZnO-NPs with oxamyl showed 98.91% second stage juveniles2 (J2s) mortality of Meloidogyne incognita after 72 hrs, while 72.86% mortality was observed at the same NPs treatment without oxamyl at the same exposure time. The same treatment was the most effective in diminution of J2s community (82.77%) in soil and galls number (81.87%) in roots under in vivo conditions. In contrast, the highest weight and height of the shoot was observed in Zn-bulk treatment in combination with oxamyl as well oxamyl only (nematocides check). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reports displayed the distributions and accumulations of ZnO-NPs on the nematode (J2s) body under direct exposure, which might be the reason of NP-mediated toxicity and disruption for M. incognita.

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Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Potential Use in Nanomedicine

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10155194 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (15) ◽

pp. 5194 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marco Carofiglio ◽

Sugata Barui ◽

Valentina Cauda ◽

Marco Laurenti

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Volume Ratio ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Contrast Imaging ◽

Zno Nps

Smart nanoparticles for medical applications have gathered considerable attention due to an improved biocompatibility and multifunctional properties useful in several applications, including advanced drug delivery systems, nanotheranostics and in vivo imaging. Among nanomaterials, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were deeply investigated due to their peculiar physical and chemical properties. The large surface to volume ratio, coupled with a reduced size, antimicrobial activity, photocatalytic and semiconducting properties, allowed the use of ZnO NPs as anticancer drugs in new generation physical therapies, nanoantibiotics and osteoinductive agents for bone tissue regeneration. However, ZnO NPs also show a limited stability in biological environments and unpredictable cytotoxic effects thereof. To overcome the abovementioned limitations and further extend the use of ZnO NPs in nanomedicine, doping seems to represent a promising solution. This review covers the main achievements in the use of doped ZnO NPs for nanomedicine applications. Sol-gel, as well as hydrothermal and combustion methods are largely employed to prepare ZnO NPs doped with rare earth and transition metal elements. For both dopant typologies, biomedical applications were demonstrated, such as enhanced antimicrobial activities and contrast imaging properties, along with an improved biocompatibility and stability of the colloidal ZnO NPs in biological media. The obtained results confirm that the doping of ZnO NPs represents a valuable tool to improve the corresponding biomedical properties with respect to the undoped counterpart, and also suggest that a new application of ZnO NPs in nanomedicine can be envisioned.

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Nano ZnO and its Perspective in Anti-Cancer Activities

Mapana Journal of Sciences ◽

10.12723/mjs.41.5 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 41-52

Author(s):

N Shobhaa ◽

N Nandab ◽

B M Nagabhushana

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Metal Oxide ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Nano Particles ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Large Bandwidth ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Potential Applications

Several methods are used to counter the deadly disease cancer. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) is one of the metal oxide nanoparticles which had been used in anti-cancer activities due to its large bandwidth and high exciting binding energy and it has potential applications like antibacterial, antifungal, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antioxidant, optic properties and also which holds promise to treat cancer effectively. Studies have shown that Zinc metal oxide nano particles induce cytotoxicity in cancer cells. The mechanism for antitumor could work through apoptosis or the generation of reactive oxygen species or and necrosis, among other possibilities. This review is on some of the most significant antitumor results obtained with zinc oxide nanoparticles depending on their size, surface morphology, methods of preparation and also cytotoxicity result.

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Evaluation of Anti Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumonia of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Aspergillus Niger in Vitro and in Vivo

10.21203/rs.3.rs-757409/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Elsayim Rasha ◽

Alkhulaifi Manal ◽

AlOthman Monerah ◽

Ibrahim Khalid ◽

Elnagar Doaa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Zinc Oxide ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Zno Nps ◽

X Ray ◽

Carbapenem Resistant

Abstract Currently, the mortality rate is increasing in Saudi Arabia's ICU, due to the spread of KPC. This project was carried out to evaluate the ability of the biological synthesized of zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using Aspergillus niger to overcome Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia (KPC) in vitro and in vivo. ZnO-NPs was synthesized via a biological method and characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Zeta sizer and Zeta potential analyses, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). In vitro sensitivity of KPC to ZnO-NPs was identified using the well diffusion method, MIC and MBC was determined by macro dilution method. The morphological alteration of KPC cell after ZnO-NPs treatment was showed by SEM. In vivo susceptibility of KPC to ZnO-NPs ointment was evaluated using wound healing in experimental rats. The chemical characterization findings showed the formation, stability, shape and size of the synthesized nanoparticles. The MIC and MBC results was found in 0.7mg\ml and 1.8mg\ml respectively. in vivo results displayed the inflammation reduction and wound healing re-epithelialisation of kpc infected rats. these findings demonstrated that ZnO-NPs has great potential to be developed as antibacterial agents and wound healing.

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The Advancing of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications ◽

10.1155/2018/1062562 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 157

Author(s):

Jinhuan Jiang ◽

Jiang Pi ◽

Jiye Cai

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Structural Integrity ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Research Progress ◽

Future Research ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Antidiabetic Treatment ◽

Biomedical Fields

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used in an increasing number of industrial products such as rubber, paint, coating, and cosmetics. In the past two decades, ZnO NPs have become one of the most popular metal oxide nanoparticles in biological applications due to their excellent biocompatibility, economic, and low toxicity. ZnO NPs have emerged a promising potential in biomedicine, especially in the fields of anticancer and antibacterial fields, which are involved with their potent ability to trigger excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, release zinc ions, and induce cell apoptosis. In addition, zinc is well known to keep the structural integrity of insulin. So, ZnO NPs also have been effectively developed for antidiabetic treatment. Moreover, ZnO NPs show excellent luminescent properties and have turned them into one of the main candidates for bioimaging. Here, we summarize the synthesis and recent advances of ZnO NPs in the biomedical fields, which will be helpful for facilitating their future research progress and focusing on biomedical fields.

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