scholarly journals Ability of Non-Invasive Tear Break-Up Time to Determine Tear Instability in Contact Lens Wearers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ersin Muhafiz ◽  
Mehmet Siraç Demir
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Area Under Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Break Up ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the performance of precorneal and prelens non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT) measurements to determine tear instability in contact lens (CL) wearers.Methods In this study 50 eyes of CL wearers were evaluated. Precorneal first and average NIBUTs and fluorescein tear break-up time (FBUT) were measured before wearing CLs in the morning. Those with FBUT less than 10 seconds were considered to have tear instability. After wearing CL, first and average prelens NIBUTs were measured at the 30th minute. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was analyzed to evaluate the performance of NIBUT measurements in the diagnosis of tear instability.Results The FBUT value had a significant correlation with first and average precorneal NIBUT values (p < 0.001, r = 0.653 and p < 0.001, r = 0.628,respectively). The FBUT value had no correlation with the prelens first and average NIBUT values (p = 0.542 and p = 0.263,respectively). To understand the relationship between the precorneal and prelens NIBUT values measured by the automated method, their correlation was evaluated. There was no significant correlation between the precorneal and prelens NIBUTs (for all;p > 0.05).The area under curve (AUC) in ROC curve for the first and average precorneal NIBUTs were 0.842 (p<0.001) and 0.810 (p<0.001), respectively. The AUC values for the first and average prelens NIBUTs at the 30th minute of CL wear were 0.586 and 0.619 respectively (p=0.317 and p=0.166, respectively). Conclusions: Precorneal NIBUT measurements may be useful in diagnosing tear instability in CL wearers. Prelens NIBUT values are not yet capable of adequately defining the tear film dynamics.

miR-638 in circulating leukaemia cells as a non-invasive biomarker in diagnosis, treatment response and MRD surveillance of acute promyelocytic leukaemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Bai ◽  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Xiaoling Guo ◽  
Ting Ding ◽  
Xinyun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Induction Therapy ◽  
Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukaemia ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Receiver Operating

BACKGROUND: MicroRNA (miRNA) expression has been implicated in leukaemia. In recent years, miRNAs have been under investigation for their potential as non-invasive biomarkers in acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). We investigated whether miR-638 in circulating leukaemia cells is a non-invasive biomarker in diagnosis, assessment of the treatment response and minimal residual disease (MRD) surveillance of APL. METHODS: Sixty cases of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), including 30 cases of APL and 30 cases of non-APL AML, were selected. Thirty healthy controls were also selected. Bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) samples were collected from APL patients at diagnosis and post-induction. Microarray analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were performed for miRNA profiling and miR-638 expression analysis, respectively. For statistical analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and Spearman’s rho correlation test were used. RESULTS: Both microarray and qRT-PCR data showed that miR-638 was significantly upregulated in BM after APL patients received induction therapy. Moreover, miR-638, which is specifically downregulated in APL cell lines, was upregulated after all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced myeloid differentiation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses revealed that miR-638 could serve as a valuable biomarker for differentiating APL from controls or non-APL AML. Furthermore, miR-638 expression was sharply increased after induction therapy and complete remission (CR). An inverse correlation was observed between miR-638 and PML-RARα transcripts levels in BM samples, while a positive correlation was revealed between PB miR-638 and BM miR-638 levels in APL patients after induction therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggested that miR-638 may serve as a potential APL biomarker for diagnosis and assessment of the response to targeted therapy, and PB miR-638 could be used for non-invasive MRD surveillance in APL.

scholarly journals Tear Film Evaluation in Contact Lens Wearers and Non Wearers

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
GS Shrestha ◽  
D Sujakhu ◽  
JB Shrestha ◽  
JK Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Eye Symptoms ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Dry Eye Symptoms

Background: Dry eye symptoms are more frequent in contact lens wearers than in non wearers. Dry eye is considered relatively common in contact lens wearers than non-wearers. However, there was no any report in our clinical setting that compared and addressed the issue related to dry eye and its symptom in contact lens wearers. The present study was conducted to compare pre-ocular tear lm in contact lens wearers (CLW) and contact lens non wearers (CLNW), and evaluate the relationship between clinical and subjective assessment of dry eye symptoms. Methods: It was a comparative study conducted among 131 subjects (262 eyes) attended in the contact lens clinic at BP Koirala Lions Center for the Ophthalmic Studies. Sixty five were daily soft contact lens wearers; sixty-six were non wearers. Tear function assessment included non- invasive tear break up time, invasive tear break up time, tear prism height and Schirmer II test. Subjective assessment of dry eye symptoms was carried out using McMonnies questionnaires. Results: Mean age of CLNW was 23.01± 5.53 and CLW was 23.6± 4.61. Female (89 subjects) visited more than male (42 subjects) in contact lens clinic. Mean symptom score in CLW was significantly higher than CLNW (p<0.001). But, distribution of symptomatology was not significantly different in both groups. Symptomatic subjects were elder (p<0.001) and female (p<0.05) in CLNW and only elder subjects in CLW. Tear function tests were significantly lower in symptomatic subjects in CLW and CLNW; Overall tear function test scores were also lower in CLW than CLNW. Tear function tests scores were insignificantly different in male and female. Coefficient of correlation was positive and weak for all tear function tests scores. Conclusions: Though, tear function tests scores were reduced in CLW than CLNW, dry eye symptomatology was almost similar. Subjective assessment of symptoms is as important as clinical tests. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/joim.v34i2.9044 Journal of Institute of Medicine August, 2012; 34:2 14-20

scholarly journals CA 125 DAN RISK OF MALIGNANCY INDEX (RMI)2 SEBAGAI PREDIKTOR KEGANASAN TUMOR OVARIUM TIPE EPITEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Aditiyono Aditiyono Aditiyono ◽  
Ali Budi Harsono ◽  
Herman Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Area Under Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Numeric Data ◽  
Receiver Operating

Keganasan ovarium memiliki angka morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi karena umumnya ditemukan pada stadium lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui spesifitas dan sensitivitas CA 125 dan RMI2 dalam menentukan keganasan kista ovarium jenis epitel. Kadar CA 125 dan RM12 kemudian dilihat histopatologinya sebagai gold standard. Penelitian ini merupakan uji diagnostik, dilakukan di RSUP dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode April s.d. September 2017. Sampel berjumlah 90 dengan 47 berkategori jinak dan 43 berkategori ganas berdasarkan hasil histopatologinya. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat. Data kategorik diuji dengan uji chi-square atau uji Exact Fisher. Data numerik digunakan uji-t tidak berpasangan atau uji Mann Whitney. Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas data numerik disajikan dalam kurva Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC). Berdasarkan kurva ROC maka diperoleh nilai area under curve (AUC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai median CA 125 kelompok ganas dibanding kelompok jinak (142,2 vs 61,030) bermakna secara statistik p = 0,000 (nilai p < 0,05), cut off point CA 125 adalah 99,9 U/mL dengan nilai sensitivitas 76,7% dan nilai spesifisitas 61,7%. Nilai median RMI2 kelompok ganas lebih besar dibandingkan dengan kelompok jinak (1676,8 vs 125) bermakna secara statistik p = 0,000 (nilai p < 0,05), cut off point RMI2 pada penelitian ini adalah 212,7 dengan sensitivitas 86% dan spesifisitas 70,2%. Nilai sensitivitas RMI2 dengan cut off point 200 adalah 88% dan spesifisitas 63,87%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah CA125 adalah biomarker yang berguna untuk memprediksi keganasan ovarium, dengan nilai cut off point 99,9 ng/mL. Hal ini sangat berguna bila digunakan kombinasi CA 125 dengan hasil pemeriksaan Ultrasonografi (USG) dan status menopause atau dikenal dengan Risk Malignancy Index (RMI2 cut off point > 200 ) dengan sensitivitas 86%, spesifisitas 63,87% dan akurasi 74,4%.   The malignancy of ovarian cancer has high level of morbidity and mortality due to the fact that it is commonly found in advanced stage. This research is aimed to find out the specificity and sensitivity of C125 and RMI2 in determining the malignancy of epithelial ovarian cysts. The level of CA 125 and RM12 is then histopathology-measured as a gold standard. This research is a diagnostic study conducted in Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung during April until September 2017. Sample consists of 90 patients with 47 patients belong to low-malignancy group and 43 patients belong to high-malignancy group based on its histopathology. Data analysis is conducted by using univariate and bivariate. Categorical data is tested by using chi-square or Exact Fisher. Numeric data is tested by using unpaired t test or Mann Whitney. Sensitivity and specificity of numeric data is displayed in Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. The ROC curve shows the value of area under curve (AUC). The result shows that the median of CA125 of the high-malignancy group compared to the low-malignancy group is (142,2 vs 61,030) which statistically means p = 0,000 (value p < 0,05), cut off point CA125 is 99,9 U/mL with sensitivity value 76,7% and specificity value 61,7%. The median of RMI2 of high-malignancy group is bigger compare to the low-malignancy group (1676,8 vs 125) which statistically means p = 0,000 (value p < 0,05), cut off point RMI2 of this research is 212,7 with sensitivity value 86% and specificity value 70,2%. The sensitivity value of RMI2 with cut off points 200 is 88% and the specificity value is 63,87%. This research concludes that CA125 is a useful biomarker to predict the malignancy of ovarian cancer with cut off point 99,9ng/mL. It will be very useful if it is combined with CA125 with Ultrasonography (USG) examination and menopause status or known as Risk Malignancy Index (RMI cut off point > 200) with sensitivity 86%, specificity 63,87% and accuracy 74,4%.

scholarly journals The relationship of pre-corneal to pre-contact lens non-invasive tear breakup time

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0247877
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Graham ◽  
Meng C. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lens ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Film Stability ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Soft Contact Lens ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Breakup Time ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose To examine the relationship between pre-corneal and pre-contact lens tear film stability (TFS), and to determine whether pre-corneal TFS is a reliable predictor of subsequent pre-lens TFS after a contact lens is placed on the eye. Methods 667 records met inclusion criteria and were extracted from a soft contact lens multi-study database. Multivariable linear mixed effects models were fit to examine the association between pre-corneal and pre-lens TFS, adjusting for potential confounders and accounting for repeated measures. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed to assess the predictive performance of pre-corneal TFS for subsequent pre-lens TFS. TFS was quantified for this analysis as the non-invasive tear breakup time (NITBUT). Results Pre-corneal NITBUT was significantly related to the pre-lens NITBUT at both 10 min (p<0.001) and 2–6 hrs (p<0.001) post-lens insertion. However, the sensitivities of pre-corneal NITBUT for predicting symptom-associated thresholds of pre-lens NITBUT ranged from 50–65%, and specificities ranged from 57–72%, suggesting poor-to-moderate diagnostic performance. Conclusions Despite the association of pre-corneal and pre-lens TFS, the inherent lability and sensitivity to environmental exposures of the tear film introduce significant variability into NITBUT measurements. Using pre-corneal NITBUT to identify likely successful contact lens candidates prior to fitting is thus not sufficiently accurate to be relied upon in the clinical setting.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Ocular Biomechanical Indices to Distinguish Normal from Keratoconus Eyes

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Bernardo Lopes ◽  
Allan Luz ◽  
Bruno Fontes ◽  
Isaac C Ramos ◽  
Fernando Correia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Corneal Resistance Factor ◽  
Corneal Deformation ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACT Purpose To compare and assess the ability of pressure-derived parameters and corneal deformation waveform signal-derived parameters of the ocular response analyzer (ORA) measurement to distinguish between keratoconus and normal eyes, and to develop a combined parameter to optimize the diagnosis of keratoconus. Materials and methods One hundred and seventy-seven eyes (177 patients) with keratoconus (group KC) and 205 normal eyes (205 patients; group N) were included. One eye from each subject was randomly selected for analysis. Patients underwent a complete clinical eye examination, corneal topography (Humphrey ATLAS), tomography (Pentacam Oculus) and biomechanical evaluations (ORA Reichert). Differences in the distributions between the groups were assessed using the Mann- Whitney test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to identify cutoff points that maximized sensitivity and specificity in discriminating keratoconus from normal corneas. Logistic regression was used to identify a combined linear model (Fisher 1.0). Results Significant differences in all studied parameters were detected (p < 0.05), except for W2. For the corneal resistance factor (CRF): Area under the ROC curve (AUROC) 89.1%, sensitivity 81.36%, specificity 84.88%. For the p1area: AUROC 91.5%, sensitivity 87.1%, specificity 81.95%. Of the individual parameters, the highest predictive accuracy was for the Fisher 1.0, which represents the combination of all parameters (AUROC 95.5%, sensitivity 88.14%, specificity 93.17%). Conclusion Waveform-derived ORA parameters displayed greater accuracy than pressure-derived parameters for identifying keratoconus. Corneal hysteresis (CH) and CRF, a diagnostic linear model that combines different parameters, provided the greatest accuracy for differentiating keratoconus from normal corneas. How to cite this article Luz A, Fontes B, Ramos IC, Lopes B, Correia F, Schor P, Ambrósio R. Evaluation of Ocular Biomechanical Indices to Distinguish Normal from Keratoconus Eyes. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2012;1(3):145-150.

scholarly journals Identification of Whole-Serum Glycobiomarkers for Colorectal Carcinoma Using Reverse-Phase Lectin Microarray

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Bertok ◽  
Aniko Bertokova ◽  
Eduard Jane ◽  
Michal Hires ◽  
Juvissan Aguedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Discrimination Power ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Age Independent

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer among men and women worldwide. Efforts are currently underway to find novel and more cancer-specific biomarkers that could be detected in a non-invasive way. The analysis of aberrant glycosylation of serum glycoproteins is a way to discover novel diagnostic and prognostic CRC biomarkers. The present study investigated a whole-serum glycome with a panel of 16 different lectins in search for age-independent and CRC-specific glycomarkers using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses and glycan heat matrices. Glycosylation changes present in the whole serum were identified, which could lead to the discovery of novel biomarkers for CRC diagnostics. In particular, the change in the bisecting glycans (recognized by Phaseolus vulgaris erythroagglutinin) had the highest discrimination potential for CRC diagnostics in combination with human L selectin providing area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.989 (95% CI 0.950–1.000), specificity of 1.000, sensitivity of 0.900, and accuracy of 0.960. We also implemented novel tools for identification of lectins with strong discrimination power.

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