scholarly journals Identification of Whole-Serum Glycobiomarkers for Colorectal Carcinoma Using Reverse-Phase Lectin Microarray

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Bertok ◽  
Aniko Bertokova ◽  
Eduard Jane ◽  
Michal Hires ◽  
Juvissan Aguedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Discrimination Power ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Age Independent

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer among men and women worldwide. Efforts are currently underway to find novel and more cancer-specific biomarkers that could be detected in a non-invasive way. The analysis of aberrant glycosylation of serum glycoproteins is a way to discover novel diagnostic and prognostic CRC biomarkers. The present study investigated a whole-serum glycome with a panel of 16 different lectins in search for age-independent and CRC-specific glycomarkers using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses and glycan heat matrices. Glycosylation changes present in the whole serum were identified, which could lead to the discovery of novel biomarkers for CRC diagnostics. In particular, the change in the bisecting glycans (recognized by Phaseolus vulgaris erythroagglutinin) had the highest discrimination potential for CRC diagnostics in combination with human L selectin providing area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.989 (95% CI 0.950–1.000), specificity of 1.000, sensitivity of 0.900, and accuracy of 0.960. We also implemented novel tools for identification of lectins with strong discrimination power.

scholarly journals HUMAN DNA QUANTIFICATION IN THE STOOLS OF PATIENTS WITH COLORECTAL CANCER

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda TEIXEIRA ◽  
Jacqueline Miranda LIMA ◽  
Maria Luiza Almeida Prado Oliveira SOUZA ◽  
Pedro AGUIAR Jr ◽  
Tiago Donizetti SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Dna Quantification ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Human Dna ◽  
The World ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

Background - Colorectal cancer is one of the main cause of cancer in the world. Colonoscopy is the best screen method, however the compliance is less than 50%. Quantification of human DNA (hDNA) in the feces may be a possible screen non-invasive method that is a consequence of the high proliferation and exfoliation of cancer cells. Objective - To quantify the human DNA in the stools of patients with colorectal cancer or polyps. Methods - Fifty patients with CRC, 26 polyps and 53 with normal colonoscopy were included. Total and human DNA were analyzed from the frozen stools. Results - An increased concentration of hDNA in the stools was observed in colorectal cancer patients compared to controls and polyps. Tumors localized in the left side of the colon had higher concentrations of hDNA. There were no difference between polyps and controls. A cut off of 0.87 ng/mL of human DNA was determined for colorectal cancer patients by the ROC curve, with a sensitivity of 66% and a specificity of 86.8%. For polyps the cut off was 0.41, the sensitivity was 41% and the specificity 77.4%. Conclusion - A higher concentration of hDNA had been found in colorectal cancer patients The quantification of hDNA from the stools can be a trial method for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer.

303 Fecal Bacteria Act as Novel Biomarkers for Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. S69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoyi Liang ◽  
Francis K. Chan ◽  
Jonathan Chiu ◽  
Yingxuan Chen ◽  
Jing-Yuan Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Fecal Bacteria ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

scholarly journals miR-124 Functions as A Marker in Diagnosing Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yan ◽  
Xiaohui Du ◽  
Shaoyou Xia ◽  
Songyan Li ◽  
Da Teng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Optimal Cutoff ◽  
Clinicopathologic Factors ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Optimal Cutoff Point ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background: MicroRNA-124 (miR-124) regulates cell growth, angiogenesis, invasion, and apoptosis of many human tumors. Our objective was to evaluate the levels of miR-124 in serum samples of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients to explore whether miR-124 in serum can be used as a biomarker for the detection of CRC.Methods: Serum miR-124 level was measured in 85 patients with CRC and 60 healthy control subjects using reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The correlations between miR-124 levels and clinicopathologic factors were analyzed. Diagnostic performance of serum miR-124 level was calculated by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results: The expression level of miR-124 in serum samples was significantly lower in CRC patients than in healthy controls (P<0.001). A positive correlation between miR-124 level and tumor size (P=0.010), invasion depth (P=0.021), lymph node metastasis (P=0.015), and TNM stage (P=0.004) was observed. The serum miR-124 yielded an AUC (areas under the ROC curve) of 0.832 with a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 81.7%, and the optimal cutoff point of miR-124 was 1.61.Conclusions: Serum miR-124 may have a potential as a novel biomarker for the detection of CRC.

miR-638 in circulating leukaemia cells as a non-invasive biomarker in diagnosis, treatment response and MRD surveillance of acute promyelocytic leukaemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Bai ◽  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Xiaoling Guo ◽  
Ting Ding ◽  
Xinyun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Induction Therapy ◽  
Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukaemia ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Receiver Operating

BACKGROUND: MicroRNA (miRNA) expression has been implicated in leukaemia. In recent years, miRNAs have been under investigation for their potential as non-invasive biomarkers in acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). We investigated whether miR-638 in circulating leukaemia cells is a non-invasive biomarker in diagnosis, assessment of the treatment response and minimal residual disease (MRD) surveillance of APL. METHODS: Sixty cases of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), including 30 cases of APL and 30 cases of non-APL AML, were selected. Thirty healthy controls were also selected. Bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) samples were collected from APL patients at diagnosis and post-induction. Microarray analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were performed for miRNA profiling and miR-638 expression analysis, respectively. For statistical analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and Spearman’s rho correlation test were used. RESULTS: Both microarray and qRT-PCR data showed that miR-638 was significantly upregulated in BM after APL patients received induction therapy. Moreover, miR-638, which is specifically downregulated in APL cell lines, was upregulated after all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced myeloid differentiation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses revealed that miR-638 could serve as a valuable biomarker for differentiating APL from controls or non-APL AML. Furthermore, miR-638 expression was sharply increased after induction therapy and complete remission (CR). An inverse correlation was observed between miR-638 and PML-RARα transcripts levels in BM samples, while a positive correlation was revealed between PB miR-638 and BM miR-638 levels in APL patients after induction therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggested that miR-638 may serve as a potential APL biomarker for diagnosis and assessment of the response to targeted therapy, and PB miR-638 could be used for non-invasive MRD surveillance in APL.

MicroRNAs in Colon and Rectal Cancer - Novel Biomarkers from Diagnosis to Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1211-1226
Author(s):  
Ying Yang ◽  
Wen-Jian Meng ◽  
Zi-Qiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarker ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Colon And Rectal Cancer ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Mirnas Expression ◽  
Prediction Of Prognosis

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and a significant cause of tumor- related deaths worldwide. Traditional biomarkers, such as CEA and CA199, are not sensitive enough to provide useful information for early diagnosis and treatment and are rather used to track the clinical progression of the disease. There is growing evidence that microRNAs (miRNA) are potentially superior to traditional biomarkers as promising non-invasive biomarkers for the timely diagnosis and prediction of prognosis or treatment response in the management of CRC. In this review, the latest studies on the dysregulation of miRNAs expression in CRC and the potential for miRNAs to serve as biomarkers were collected. Given the limitations of miRNA, as discussed in this paper, its clinical applications as a diagnostic biomarker should be limited to use in combination with other biomarkers. Further research is necessary to elucidate the clinical applications of miRNA in therapy for CRC.

scholarly journals Ability of Non-Invasive Tear Break-Up Time to Determine Tear Instability in Contact Lens Wearers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ersin Muhafiz ◽  
Mehmet Siraç Demir
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Area Under Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Break Up ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the performance of precorneal and prelens non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT) measurements to determine tear instability in contact lens (CL) wearers.Methods In this study 50 eyes of CL wearers were evaluated. Precorneal first and average NIBUTs and fluorescein tear break-up time (FBUT) were measured before wearing CLs in the morning. Those with FBUT less than 10 seconds were considered to have tear instability. After wearing CL, first and average prelens NIBUTs were measured at the 30th minute. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was analyzed to evaluate the performance of NIBUT measurements in the diagnosis of tear instability.Results The FBUT value had a significant correlation with first and average precorneal NIBUT values (p < 0.001, r = 0.653 and p < 0.001, r = 0.628,respectively). The FBUT value had no correlation with the prelens first and average NIBUT values (p = 0.542 and p = 0.263,respectively). To understand the relationship between the precorneal and prelens NIBUT values measured by the automated method, their correlation was evaluated. There was no significant correlation between the precorneal and prelens NIBUTs (for all;p > 0.05).The area under curve (AUC) in ROC curve for the first and average precorneal NIBUTs were 0.842 (p<0.001) and 0.810 (p<0.001), respectively. The AUC values for the first and average prelens NIBUTs at the 30th minute of CL wear were 0.586 and 0.619 respectively (p=0.317 and p=0.166, respectively). Conclusions: Precorneal NIBUT measurements may be useful in diagnosing tear instability in CL wearers. Prelens NIBUT values are not yet capable of adequately defining the tear film dynamics.

Fecal microRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for the detection of colorectal cancer: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Francavilla ◽  
Sonia Tarallo ◽  
Barbara Pardini ◽  
Alessio Naccarati
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Non Invasive

Role of Regulatory Oncogenic or Tumor Suppressor miRNAs of PI3K/AKT Signaling Axis in the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (39) ◽  
pp. 4605-4610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atena Soleimani ◽  
Farzad Rahmani ◽  
Gordon A. Ferns ◽  
Mikhail Ryzhikov ◽  
Amir Avan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Radio Therapy ◽  
Signaling Axis ◽  
Cancer Tumor ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide and its incidence is increasing. In most patients with CRC, the PI3K/AKT signaling axis is over-activated. Regulatory oncogenic or tumor suppressor microRNAs (miRNAs) for PI3K/AKT signaling regulate cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, as well as resistance to chemo-/radio-therapy in colorectal cancer tumor tissues. Thus, regulatory miRNAs of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling represent novel biomarkers for new patient diagnosis and obtaining clinically invaluable information from post-treatment CRC patients for improving therapeutic strategies. This review summarizes the current knowledge of miRNAs’ regulatory roles of PI3K/AKT signaling in CRC pathogenesis.

Fatty Acid Profile and In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Two Marine Sponge- Associated Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1273-1280
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Tommonaro ◽  
Ali M. El-Hagrassi ◽  
Walid Fayad ◽  
Carmine Iodice ◽  
Kamel H. Shaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Hct116 Cell ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Sponge Associated Bacteria ◽  
Human Colorectal Carcinoma

Background: Colorectal cancer represents one of the prominent causes of mortality worldwide in men and women. The objective of this study was to search for new potential anticancer compounds, both in prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. The anticancer potential of marine bacterial extracts against Human colorectal carcinoma cell line (HCT116) was evaluated as well as the partial identification of bioactive metabolites. Methods: All bacterial extracts were tested for their cytotoxicity against HCT116 cell line by means of MTT assay. The highly cytotoxic dichloromethane extracts of marine sponge-associated bacteria Vibrio sp. and Bacillus sp. were analyzed by GC-MS. Results: Two fractions, Vib3 and Bac3, exhibited a very interesting cytotoxicity against human colorectal carcinoma (HCT116) cell line, with a percentage of cytotoxicity of 96.04 % and 29.48 %, respectively. Discussion: The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of two major fatty acids, palmitic and oleic acids, in Vib3 fraction and fatty acid esters and phenolic compounds in Bac3 fraction. Conclusion: Based on previous literature, it may be hypothesized that the anticancer activity of bacterial extracts could be, at least partially, to the fatty acids fraction.

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