A study of the correlation between chalazion and intestinal flora in chinese children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyue Cui ◽  
Lei Song ◽  
Xie Li ◽  
Ting Qiu ◽  
Jing Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Gut Flora ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract BackgroundChalazion is a chronic inflammatory granuloma of the meibomian gland formed on the basis of the obstruction of the meibomian gland drainage duct and the retention of secretions. It is one of the most common clinically eye diseases in children. Chronic inflammation of the meibomian glands is responsible for this disease, and the gut flora is thought to be involved in the inflammatory process. In this study, we investigated the relationship between intestinal microbial composition and children's chalazion.MethodsFecal samples were collected from 21 children with chalazion and 26 healthy children. DNA was extracted from fecal stool samples and 16S rRNA sequences in the gut flora were detected by using second second-generation sequencing technology. The results were used to compare the composition of the microbiome between patients and healthy controls.ResultsAccording to Alpha Diversity and Beta Diversity analysis, we found that there was no significant difference in bacteria diversity and relative abundance between the two groups. We compared the flora of the control group and the diseased group through Lefse analysis, and screened out 11 different species. Based on the absolute abundance of species, 43 different species were selected. Anosim analysis and metastats analysis were used to compare the flora of the control group and the diseased group again. At the species level, we found that gut_metagenome and human_gut_metagenome are the common differences in species levels obtained from the above analysis. Finally, corrplot correlation analysis was performed, suggesting that gut_metagenome has a great correlation with the number, ulceration, and recurrence of chalazion in children.ConclusionsThere was no significant difference in the diversity index and relative abundance of flora in children with chalazion compared with healthy children, but there were significant differences in some bacterial species. The gut_metagenome strains identified in this study were significantly related to the growth, ulceration, and relapse of children with chalazion. It is suggested that gut_metagenome may be a microbiological indicator which is independent of clinicopathologic factors but associated with chalazion disease .* These authors have contributed equally to this work.

scholarly journals Effects of active dry yeast on growth performance, rumen fermentation characteristics and slaughter performance in beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siqiang Liu ◽  
Mei Yuan ◽  
Kun Kang ◽  
Zhisheng Wang ◽  
Lizhi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Slaughter Performance ◽  
Active Dry Yeast

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effects of active dry yeast (ADY) on rumen microbial composition and slaughter performance of beef cattle. Thirty-two finishing beef cattle (simmental crossbred cattle ♂ × cattle-yaks ♀), with an average body weight of 110 ± 12.85 kg, were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: the low plane of nutrition group (Control), low plane of nutrition group + ADY 2 g/head/d (ADY2), low plane of nutrition group + ADY 4 g/head/d (ADY4) and high plane of nutrition group (HPN). ADY supplementation increased average daily gain (P<0.001), and the carcass weight of ADY4 group had no significant difference with HPN group (P>0.05). The serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity in control and ADY4 group was higher than HPN group (P=0.001). The neutral detergent fiber (P=0.022) and acid detergent fiber (P=0.043) digestibility in HPN group was greater than control, but no difference was obtained among ADY2, ADY4 and HPN group (P>0.05). The rumen ammonium nitrogen content in control was greater than ADY2 and ADY4 group (P=0.003), and no difference was obtained ADY2, ADY4 and HPN group (P>0.05). The propionic acid content in the rumen in ADY2, ADY4, and HPN group were greater than control group (P<0.001). The simpson (P=0.014) and shannon (P=0.045) indexes in control and HPN group were greater than ADY4 group. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the HPN group was higher than ADY4 group (P=0.015). At the genus level, HPN and ADY4 were clustered together, and the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae UCG-002 in ADY4 group was higher than control and HPN group (P=0.004). In conclusion, supplementation ADY 4 g/head/d shift the rumen microbial composition of beef cattle fed low plane of nutrition to a more similar level with cattle fed with HPN diet, produced comparable carcass weight with HPN diet.

scholarly journals Inclusion of Soluble Fiber During Gestation Regulates Gut Microbiota, Improves Bile Acid Homeostasis, and Enhances the Reproductive Performance of Sows

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Wu ◽  
Shengnan Yin ◽  
Chuanshang Cheng ◽  
Chuanhui Xu ◽  
Jian Peng
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Bile Salt Hydrolase ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Significant Difference

Interaction between the dietary fiber and the gut microbes can regulate host bile acid metabolism. This study sought to explore the effects of guar gum combined with pregelatinized waxy maize starch (GCW) in a gestation diet on reproductive performance, gut microbiota composition, and bile acid homeostasis of sows. A total of 61 large white sows were randomly grouped into the control (n = 33) and 2% GCW (n = 28) groups during gestation. GCW diet increased birth-weight of piglets, and decreased the percentage of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) piglets. In addition, dietary GCW reduced gut microbial diversity and modulated gut microbial composition in sows on day 109 of gestation. The relative abundance of bile salt hydrolase (BSH) gene-encoding bacteria, Lactobacillus and Bacteroides decreased after GCW administration, whereas no significant difference was observed in the fecal level of total glycine-conjugated and taurine-conjugated bile acids between the two groups. Dietary GCW increased the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae (one of few taxa comprising 7α-dehydroxylating bacteria), which was associated with elevated fecal deoxycholic acid (DCA) in the GCW group. GCW administration lowered the concentrations of plasma total bile acid (TBA) and 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) (reflecting lower hepatic bile acid synthesis) at day 90 and day 109 of gestation compared with the control diet. Furthermore, the levels of plasma glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA), tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) and glycohyocholic acid (GHCA) were lower in the GCW group compared with the control group. Spearman correlation analysis showed alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota by GCW treatment was associated with improved bile acid homeostasis and reproductive performance of sows. In conclusion, GCW-induced improves bile acid homeostasis during gestation which may enhance reproductive performance of sows.

scholarly journals Comparing Fecal, Saliva, and Chicha Microbiomes Between Mothers and Children in an Indigenous Ecuadorian Cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Adams ◽  
Andrew Oliver ◽  
Alexandria Gille ◽  
Nadia Alaniz ◽  
Carolina Jamie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTRecent research has elucidated many factors which play a role in the development and composition of human microbiomes. In this study we briefly examine the microbiomes of saliva and fecal samples from 71 indigenous individuals, and chicha samples from 28 single family households in a remote community in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Fecal and saliva samples were collected at two separate time points whereas chicha samples were collected at four time points, once each day of the fermentation process. In total 324 samples were collected: 113 saliva, 108 chicha, and 103 fecal. Microbial composition and diversity were assessed using shotgun metagenome sequence data. Chicha samples were found to be nearly entirely composed of the order Lactobacillales, accounting for 90.1% of the relative abundance. Saliva samples also contained a high relative abundance of Lactobacillales (31.9%) as well as being composed of Neisseriales (12.8%), Actinomycineae (8.7%), Bacteroidales (7.0%), Clostridiales (6.8%), Micrococcineae (6.5%), and Pasteurellales (6.0%). Fecal samples were largely composed of the three orders Clostridiales (33.7%), Bacteroidales (21.9%), and Bifidobacteriales (16.5%). Comparison of α-diversity, as calculated by Shannon’s Diversity Index, in mothers and their offspring showed no significant difference between the two groups in either fecal or saliva samples. Comparison of β-diversity in fecal and saliva samples, as calculated by the Bray-Curtis Dissimilarity measure, within household units and between differing households showed that members of the same household were significantly less dissimilar to each other than to members of other households in the community. Average microbiome composition for individuals within fecal and saliva samples was assessed to determine the impact of an individual’s household on the composition of their microbiome. Household was determined to have a significant impact on both fecal and oral microbiome compositions.

scholarly journals Formulation of traditional Chinese medicine and its application on intestinal flora of constipated rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghan Huang ◽  
Sihan Li ◽  
Youcheng He ◽  
Haiou Zhang ◽  
Ruoying Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Abstract In this study, the self-extracted constipation treatment of traditional Chinese medicine extracts was applied to constipated rats. To explore the mechanism and role of the Chinese medicine for the treatment of constipation, the 16S rRNA sequencing and qRT-PCR technology were used to analyze the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora in rats. We found that the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the intestinal flora of rats with constipation was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the Bacteroides was significantly lower than that in the control group, while the relative abundance of Firmicutes was significantly changed after taking a certain dose of Chinese medicine, and reduced the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae, and greatly increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, enhanced the symbiotic relationships of Lactobacillus with other intestinal flora. There was no significant difference in the total copies of intestinal bacteria between the constipated rats and the control group. The total copies of intestinal bacteria in the constipated rats decreased after taking the traditional Chinese medicine. Finally, this study results provides a theoretical basis for the treatment and understand the mechanism and effect of traditional Chinese medicine on rate constipation.

scholarly journals Investigation of TAGAP gene polymorphism (rs1738074) in Turkish pediatric celiac patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melek Pehlivan ◽  
Tülay K. Ayna ◽  
Maşallah Baran ◽  
Mustafa Soyöz ◽  
Aslı Ö. Koçyiğit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
And Control

Abstract Objectives There are several hypotheses on the effects of the rs1738074 T/C single nucleotide polymorphism in the TAGAP gene; however, there has been no study on Turkish pediatric patients. We aimed to investigate the association of celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) comorbidity with the polymorphism in the TAGAP gene of Turkish pediatric patients. Methods Totally, 127 pediatric CD patients and 100 healthy children were included. We determined the polymorphism by the allele-specific polymerase chain reaction method. We used IBM SPSS Statistics version 25.0 and Arlequin 3.5.2 for the statistical analyses. The authors have no conflict of interest. Results It was determined that 72% (n=154) of only CD patients had C allele, whereas 28% (n=60) had T allele. Of the patients with celiac and T1DM, 42.5% (n=17) and 57.5% (n=23) had T and C alleles, respectively. Of the individuals in control group, 67% (n=134) had C allele, whereas 33% (n=66) had T allele. Conclusions There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies between the patient and control groups (p>0.05). There was no significant association between the disease risk and the polymorphism in our study group.

Thyroid Functions in Children on Levetiracetam or Valproic Acid Therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Karatoprak ◽  
Samet Paksoy
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Acid Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Tsh Levels

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the thyroid functions in children receiving levetiracetam or valproate monotherapy. We retrospectively reviewed the records of children with controlled epilepsy receiving valproic acid (VPA group) or levetiracetam monotherapy (LEV group) for at least 6 months. Free thyroxine 4 levels (fT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were compared between VPA group, LEV group, and age- and gender-matched healthy children (control group). A total of 190 children were included in the study: 63 were in the VPA, 60 in the LEV, and 67 in the control group. Although there was no significant difference regarding average fT4 levels, higher TSH levels were found in the VPA group when compared with the LEV and control groups (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in terms of fT4 and TSH values in the LEV group when compared with the control group (p = 0.56 and p = 0.61, respectively). Subclinical hypothyroidism (defined as a TSH level above 5 uIU/mL with a normal fT4 level was detected in 16% of patients in the VPA group, none in the LEV and control groups. Our study found that VPA therapy is associated with an increased risk of subclinical hypothyroidism while LEV had no effect on thyroid function tests.

scholarly journals Metatranscriptomic analysis of colonic microbiota’s functional response to different dietary fibers in growing pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Xu ◽  
Rongying Xu ◽  
Menglan Jia ◽  
Yong Su ◽  
Weiyun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Functional Response ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dietary Fibers ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Colonic Microbiota

Abstract Background Dietary fibers are widely considered to be beneficial to health as they produce nutrients through gut microbial fermentation while facilitating weight management and boosting gut health. To date, the gene expression profiles of the carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes) that respond to different types of fibers (raw potato starch, RPS; inulin, INU; pectin, PEC) in the gut microbes of pigs are not well understood. Therefore, we investigated the functional response of colonic microbiota to different dietary fibers in pigs through metatranscriptomic analysis. Results The results showed that the microbial composition and CAZyme structure of the three experimental groups changed significantly compared with the control group (CON). Based on a comparative analysis with the control diet, RPS increased the abundance of Parabacteroides, Ruminococcus, Faecalibacterium and Alloprevotella but decreased Sutterella; INU increased the relative abundance of Fusobacterium and Rhodococcus but decreased Bacillus; and PEC increased the relative abundance of the Streptococcus and Bacteroidetes groups but decreased Clostridium, Clostridioides, Intestinibacter, Gemmiger, Muribaculum and Vibrio. The gene expression of CAZymes GH8, GH14, GH24, GH38, GT14, GT31, GT77 and GT91 downregulated but that of GH77, GH97, GT3, GT10 and GT27 upregulated in the RPS diet group; the gene expression of AA4, AA7, GH14, GH15, GH24, GH26, GH27, GH38, GH101, GT26, GT27 and GT38 downregulated in the INU group; and the gene expression of PL4, AA1, GT32, GH18, GH37, GH101 and GH112 downregulated but that of CE14, AA3, AA12, GH5, GH102 and GH103 upregulated in the PEC group. Compared with the RPS and INU groups, the composition of colonic microbiota in the PEC group exhibited more diverse changes with the variation of CAZymes and Streptococcus as the main contributor to CBM61, which greatly promoted the digestion of pectin. Conclusion The results of this exploratory study provided a comprehensive overview of the effects of different fibers on nutrient digestibility, gut microbiota and CAZymes in pig colon, which will furnish new insights into the impacts of the use of dietary fibers on animal and human health.

Impression cytology and meibomian glands in conjunctivochalasis

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110087
Author(s):  
Ersin Muhafiz ◽  
Erdinç Bozkurt ◽  
Remzi Erten
Keyword(s):  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Impression Cytology ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meibomian Glands ◽  
And Control ◽  
Margin Cytology

Purpose: To evaluate the tear parameters, meibomian glands and lid margin and tarsal conjunctival impression cytology in patients with conjunctivochalasis (CCH). Methods: The study included 57 patients diagnosed with CCH and 35 healthy volunteers. Tear break-up time (TBUT) was measured and Schirmer test was performed. Meibomian gland morphologies, dropout rates, and meiboscores were evaluated using meibography. Finally, impression cytology samples were taken by pressing the impression filters on the lower lid margin and lower tarsal conjunctiva. The samples were evaluated according to the Nelson grading system. Results: Schirmer test was longer and TBUT was shorter in the study group ( p = 0.035 and p < 0.001, respectively). The median of meibomian gland dropout rate was 33.45% (Interquartile range [IQR]; 23.17%–49.75%) and 18.80% (IQR; 12.35%–26.50%) in the study and control groups, respectively ( p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in terms of lid-margin cytology between the two groups ( p = 0.481). In tarsal conjunctiva cytology, the median value of Nelson grade of the study group was 2 (IQR; 1–2) and that of the control group was 1 (IQR; 1–2) ( p = 0.040). When Nelson grade-2 and above was accepted as the pathological limit, it was found that 27.5% of the study group and 15.2% of the control group showed pathological findings ( p = 0.204). Conclusions: In patients with CCH, damage occurs in the tarsal conjunctiva with the effects of redundant conjunctival folds. In these patients, atrophy occurs in the meibomian glands and tear stability is impaired. Therefore, CCH should not be overlooked in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Evaluation of depression and self-esteem in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis: A controlled trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orhan Koca ◽  
Mehmet Akyüz ◽  
Bilal Karaman ◽  
Zeynep Yesim Özcan ◽  
Metin Öztürk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Age Range

Objectives: Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is very common and is one of the most common causes for patients to be admitted to urology, pediatrics, child psychiatry and child surgery departments. We aimed to investigate the effect on depression and self-esteem of this disorder that can cause problems on person's social development and human relations. Material and methods: 90 patients who were admitted to our clinic with complaints of nocturnal enuresis were enrolled. Investigations to rule out organic causes were performed in this group of patients. Out of them 38 children and adolescents (age range 8-18 years) with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) agreed to participate in the study In the same period 46 healthy children and adolescents with a similar age range without bed wetting complaint were included in the study as a control group. The age of the family, educational and socioeconomic level were questioned and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSCS) and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) forms were filled out. Results: Mean age of the cases (18 females or 47.4% and 20 males or 52.6%) was 10.76 ± 3.82 years whereas mean age of controls (26 females or 56.5% and 20 males or 43.5%) was 10.89 ± 3.11 years. Depression scale was significantly higher (p = 0.001) in the case group than in the control group (10.42 ± 4.31 vs 7.09 ± 4.35). In both groups there was no statistically significant difference by age and sex in terms of depression scale (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion: NE is widely seen as in the community and is a source of stresses either for children and for their families. When patients were admitted to physicians for treatment, a multidisciplinary approach should be offered and the necessary psychological support should be provided jointly by child psychiatrists and psychologists.

scholarly journals INCREASED TISSUE TRANSGLUTAMINASE LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED EPILEPTIFORM ACTIVITY IN ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AMONG PATIENTS WITH CELIAC DISEASE

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedat IŞIKAY ◽  
Şamil HIZLI ◽  
Serkan ÇOŞKUN ◽  
Kutluhan YILMAZ
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Tissue Transglutaminase ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medical Histories

Background - Celiac disease is an autoimmune systemic disorder in genetically predisposed individuals precipitated by gluten ingestion. Objective - In this study, we aimed to determine asymptomatic spike-and-wave findings on electroencephalography in children with celiac disease. Methods - A total of 175 children with the diagnosis of celiac disease (study group) and 99 age- and sex-matched healthy children as controls (control group) were included in the study. In order to determine the effects of gluten free diet on laboratory and electroencephalography findings, the celiac group is further subdivided into two as newly-diagnosed and formerly-diagnosed patients. Medical histories of all children and laboratory findings were all recorded and neurologic statuses were evaluated. All patients underwent a sleep and awake electroencephalography. Results - Among 175 celiac disease patients included in the study, 43 were newly diagnosed while 132 were formerly-diagnosed patients. In electroencephalography evaluation of patients the epileptiform activity was determined in 4 (9.3%) of newly diagnosed and in 2 (1.5%) of formerly diagnosed patients; on the other hand the epileptiform activity was present in only 1 (1.0%) of control cases. There was a statistically significant difference between groups in regards to the presence of epileptiform activity in electroencephalography. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that epileptiform activity in both sleep and awake electroencephalography were positively correlated with tissue transglutaminase levels (P=0.014 and P=0.019, respectively). Conclusion - We have determined an increased epileptiform activity frequency among newly-diagnosed celiac disease patients compared with formerly-diagnosed celiac disease patients and control cases. Moreover the tissue transglutaminase levels were also correlated with the presence of epileptiform activity in electroencephalography. Among newly diagnosed celiac disease patients, clinicians should be aware of this association and be alert about any neurological symptoms.

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