scholarly journals Prevalence and Recurrence Rates of Cytomegalovirus Infection among Patients with Hematological Diseases of the Brazilian Western Amazon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Melo Silva ◽  
Renato Pinheiro-Silva ◽  
Regiane Costa de Oliveira ◽  
Carlos Eduardo De Castro Alves ◽  
Anderson Nogueira Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Hematological Diseases ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Purpose: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a worldwide distributed pathogen that may cause serious complications in patients with hematological diseases. This study aimed to serologically characterize the CMV infection in patients suffering from hematological diseases in Amazonas, Brazil. Methods: Serum samples from 323 patients were tested for the presence of anti-CMV IgM or IgG antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Positive samples for IgM were submitted to the IgG avidity test to differentiate primary infection from recurrent infection. An epidemiological questionnaire was administered to collect sociodemographic information of the study population. Results: The overall prevalence of CMV infection verified in this study was 91.3%. The highest rates were found in patients suffering from platelet disorders (94.5%), anemia (93.3%), or leukemia (91%). The study population was predominantly composed of individuals with low socioeconomic status. Blood transfusions were more often in patients with anemia or leukemia, but it was not correlated with the positivity for CMV infection. Measurement of IgG avidity in patients positive for anti-CMV IgM demonstrated a recurrent infection rate of 5.2% (17/323). Over 80% of recurrent infection occurred in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) or anemia. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that CMV infection is highly prevalent in patients with hematological diseases from the Brazilian western Amazon. The prevalence observed progressively rose with increasing age, whereas anemia or ALL disease figured as risk factors for the recurrence of CMV infection.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Recurrence Rates of Cytomegalovirus Infection Among Patients With Hematological Diseases in the Western Brazilian Amazon: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean de Melo Silva ◽  
Renato Pinheiro-Silva ◽  
Regiane Costa de Oliveira ◽  
Carlos Eduardo de Castro Alves ◽  
Anderson Nogueira Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Hematological Diseases ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Study Population

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a worldwide distributed pathogen that may cause serious complications in patients with hematological diseases. This study aimed to serologically characterize CMV infection in patients suffering from hematological diseases in Amazonas state, Brazil. Serum samples from 323 patients were tested for the presence of anti-CMV IgM or IgG antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Positive samples for IgM were submitted to the IgG avidity test to differentiate primary infection from recurrent infection. An epidemiological questionnaire was administered to collect the sociodemographic information of the study population. The overall prevalence of CMV infection verified in this study was 91.3%. The highest rates were found in patients suffering from platelet disorders (94.5%), anemia (93.3%), or leukemia (91%). The study population was predominantly composed of individuals with low socioeconomic status. Blood transfusions were more common in patients with anemia or leukemia, but this variable was not correlated with the seropositivity for CMV infection. Measurement of IgG avidity in patients positive for anti-CMV IgM demonstrated a recurrent infection rate of 5.2% (17/323). Over 80% of recurrent infections occurred in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) or anemia. Our findings indicated that CMV infection is highly prevalent in patients from the western Brazilian Amazon who have hematological diseases. The prevalence observed progressively rose with increasing age, whereas anemia or ALL figured as risk factors for the recurrence of CMV infection.

scholarly journals Potential Impact of Different Cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgM Assays on an Algorithm Requiring IgM Reactivity as a Criterion for Measuring CMV IgG Avidity

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 813-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry E. Prince ◽  
Mary Lapé-Nixon ◽  
Andrew Brenner ◽  
Nancy Pitstick ◽  
Marc Roger Couturier
Keyword(s):  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Immunofluorescent Assay ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Positive Serum ◽  
Chemiluminescent Immunoassay ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Results

ABSTRACTThe measurement of cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG avidity is a powerful tool for identifying individuals with recent CMV infection. Because such patients are expected to be positive for CMV IgM, several investigators have suggested that CMV IgG-positive sera first be screened for CMV IgM and then only the IgM-reactive sera be tested for avidity. We investigated the impact of different CMV IgM assays on such a reflexing algorithm using a panel of 369 consecutive IgG-positive serum samples submitted for avidity testing. A bead-based immunofluorescent assay (BIFA) identified 105 IgM-positive serum samples, whereas an IgM-capture enzyme immunoassay (EIA) identified 48 IgM-positive serum samples; this marked difference led us to evaluate additional CMV IgM assays. An enzyme-linked immunofluorescent assay (ELFA) and a chemiluminescent immunoassay (CIA) were used to test all sera with discordant BIFA/EIA results, all sera with concordant positive results, and selected sera with concordant negative results. The findings indicated that the ELFA would identify 74 CMV IgM-positive samples and the CIA would identify 64. Of the 23 low-avidity serum samples, 2 were IgM negative by BIFA, 3 by ELFA and CIA, and 4 by EIA; of the 23 intermediate-avidity serum samples, 6 were IgM negative by BIFA, 10 by ELFA, and 15 by EIA and CIA. In both these avidity groups, BIFA IgM-negative sera were also negative by the other 3 assays. These findings demonstrate that an algorithm requiring CMV IgM reactivity as a criterion for CMV IgG avidity testing does not identify all low-avidity sera and thus misses some cases of acute CMV infection.

scholarly journals Monoclonal antibody-based capture ELISA in the diagnosis of previous dengue infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukiat Sirivichayakul ◽  
Kriengsak Limkittikul ◽  
Pornthep Chanthavanich ◽  
Sutee Yoksan ◽  
Anuttarasakdi Ratchatatat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Neutralization Test ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Dengue Vaccine ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Dengue Prevention

Abstract Background Dengue is an important mosquito-borne disease. There is currently only one licensed vaccine for dengue prevention. The vaccine provides higher efficacy in pre-vaccination dengue-seropositive persons but a higher risk of subsequent more severe dengue in dengue-seronegative persons. It is recommended that the dengue vaccine may be given in dengue-seropositive individuals or as mass vaccination without individual pre-vaccination screening in areas where the dengue seroprevalence is > 80% in children aged 9 years. We evaluated a dengue specific immunoglobulin G monoclonal antibody-based capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAb-ELISA) in the diagnosis of previous dengue infection using serum samples from the cohort study in Ratchaburi Province, Thailand. Methods The MAb-ELISA was compared to 70% plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT70) in 453 serum samples from children aged 3–11 years in Ratchaburi Province, Thailand. Results The sensitivity and specificity of MAb-ELISA at the positive to negative (P/N) ratio cut-off level of > 3 were both 0.91 in the diagnosis of previous dengue infection, compared to PRNT70. The false positivity was mainly in Japanese encephalitis (JE) seropositive subjects. Conclusions This research provides evidence that MAb-ELISA is useful for dengue seroprevalence study and dengue pre-vaccination screening. JE seropositivity was the major cause of false positive result in the study population.

Erythropoietin Response to Anemia Is Impaired in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 3744-3744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ti Shen ◽  
Yuankai Shi ◽  
Jun Zhu ◽  
Bing Han
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Hematologic Malignancy ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples

Abstract Anemia is a common complication in patients with hematologic malignancies, either before or after chemotherapy. To find out whether anemic patients with hematologic malignancies have a lower erythropoietin (Epo) response, we analyzed serum Epo levels in these patients. Serum samples for measurement of Epo levels were obtained from 80 patients from three medical centers. Patients had multiple myeloma (MM, n=26), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL, n=6) or non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL, n=48). Thirty patients had anemia (mean hemoglobin [Hb] level 8.4±1.6 g/dl) and 50 patients were not classed as anemic, with mean Hb levels of 12.7±1.4 g/dl. To provide control values, serum Epo levels were also determined in patients with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA; n=20) and in healthy individuals (n=20). Serum Epo levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Patients with severe liver or renal dysfunction, low platelet counts or blood loss were excluded. The complete blood cell count (CBC), reticulocyte count, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), liver and renal function, serum iron (SI), total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation (TSAT), and serum ferritin (SF) levels were evaluated concomitantly. There were no significant differences in CBC, LDH, liver and renal function, SI, TIBC, TSAT and SF values between malignant patients with or without anemia (P>0.05). In patients with hematologic malignancy, those with anemia had higher Epo levels (mean 97.8±183.9 mIU/ml) than those without anaemia (mean 27.8±85.4 mIU/ml; P<0.001). In patients with IDA, the Epo response was inversely correlated with Hb level (r= −0.5, P<0.05), whereas the expected inverse linear relationship between serum levels of Epo and Hb was absent in the group with hematologic malignancies (r= −0.14). Anemic patients with malignancy, and IDA patients both had elevated Epo levels compared with normal controls (means, 97.8±183.9 mIU/ml, 158.3±308.6 mIU/ml and 9.2±4.0 mIU/ml, respectively; both P<0.001 vs controls). However, after correcting for Hb level, anemic patients with malignancy were found to have significantly lower Epo levels than patients with IDA (P=0.032) indicating a decreased Epo response in the former group. These findings indicate that anemia associated with hematologic malignancy may result from an inappropriately low Epo response. Epo treatment should benefit this group of patients.

scholarly journals Cytomegalovirus Seroprevalence Among Children and Adolescents in Germany: Data From the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS), 2003–2006

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Voigt ◽  
Angelika Schaffrath Rosario ◽  
Annette Mankertz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Migration Background ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Serum Samples

Abstract Background.  Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can cause severe birth defects. The majority of children with congenital CMV are born to CMV-seropositive women; however, transmission from mother to fetus and resulting defects are more likely to occur when mothers experience seroconversion during pregnancy. The objective of this study was to provide a population-based estimate of CMV seropositivity and to identify factors that correlate with the detection of CMV-immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies. Methods.  Cytomegalovirus-specific IgG antibodies were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 13 876 serum samples from children and adolescents (aged 1–17 years). Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence was correlated with children's age, gender, migration background, country of origin, place of birth, socioeconomic status, breast feeding, daycare attendance, order and number of siblings, and residence in East versus West Germany. Results.  Age-adjusted seroprevalence was 27.4% (95% confidence interval, 25.8–29.0). Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence increased with age (21.5% at ages 1–2; 32.0% at ages 14–17). Cytomegalovirus seropositivity was significantly associated with migration background, country of origin and place of birth, and (among migrants only) with low socioeconomic status. Risk factors for CMV acquisition included the birth order of siblings, breastfeeding, early daycare attendance, and living in East Germany. Conclusions.  In Germany, CMV seroprevalence increases with age, irrespective of gender. These data highlight risk factors associated with seroprevalence and help to identify a target age for the application of a CMV vaccine.

scholarly journals Anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in pregnant women and their newborn infants in the region of São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinara de Cássia Brandão de Mattos ◽  
Lígia Cosentino Junqueira Franco Spegiorin ◽  
Cristina da Silva Meira ◽  
Thaís da Costa Silva ◽  
Ana Iara da Costa Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Igg Avidity

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Toxoplasmosis transmission during pregnancy can cause severe sequelae in fetuses and newborns. Maternal antibodies may be indicators of risk or immunity. The aim here was to evaluate seropositivity for anti-Toxoplasma gondii (anti-T. gondii) immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and IgG avidity in pregnant women and their newborn infants. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in a high-risk pregnancy outpatient clinic. METHODS: Serum samples from pregnant women (n = 87) and their respective newborns (n = 87) were evaluated for anti-T. gondii antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) (IgM and IgG), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (IgG) and an avidity test. RESULTS: Anti-T. gondii antibodies were identified in 64.4% of the serum samples from the mothers and their infants (56/87). Except for two maternal serum samples (2.3%), all others were negative for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies, using IIF. The results showed that 92.9% of the pregnant women had high IgG avidity indexes (> 30%) and four samples had avidity indexes between 16 and 30%. Two women in the third trimester of pregnancy were positive for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies; their babies had avidity indexes between 16 and 30%. The avidity indexes of serum from the other 83 newborns were similar to the results from their mothers. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that 2% of the pregnant women were at risk of T. gondii transmission during the gestational period. These data seem to reflect the real situation of gestational toxoplasmosis in the northwestern region of the state of São Paulo.

scholarly journals Epidemiological and Liver Biomarkers Profile of Epstein-Barr Virus Infection and Its Coinfection with Cytomegalovirus in Patients with Hematological Diseases

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1151
Author(s):  
Lilian Ferrari de Freitas ◽  
Jean de Melo Silva ◽  
Anderson Nogueira Barbosa ◽  
Enzo Miranda Santos ◽  
Renato Pinheiro-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Hematological Diseases ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Epstein Barr

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) are viruses globally distributed that have been associated with the development and prognosis of many pathologies, including hematological diseases. This study aimed to characterize the epidemiological profile of EBV infection and the infection-correlated hepatic manifestations in patients with hematological diseases of the northern Brazilian state of Amazonas. A total of 228 patients were serologically tested for the presence of anti-EBV and anti-CMV IgG antibodies through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The coinfection with CMV, sociodemographic and laboratory records of all patients were also assessed. The overall prevalence observed among the study population for EBV infection and EBV/CMV coinfection was 85.09% (95% CI: 0.80–0.90) and 78.51% (95% CI: 0.73–0.84), respectively. The age group 31–40 years old were more susceptible to EBV/CMV coinfection (95% CI: 1.59–93.41, p = 0.011), while young people aged 1–10 years old were less affected for both EBV infection (CI 95%; 0.66–0.91, p = 0.001) and EBV/CMV coinfection (95% CI: 0.52–0.81, p < 0.0001). High serum levels of the liver biomarker ferritin were associated with EBV infection (95% CI: 1.03–1.54, p = 0.031) and EBV/CMV coinfection (95% CI: 1.02–1.70, p = 0.038). Our findings indicated that the elevated prevalence of EBV infection is not associated with the hematological diseases or transfusion rates, but with the socioeconomic status of the study population. Also, this study suggests that the EBV infection and its coinfection with CMV are related to the increase of serum ferritin levels.

scholarly journals Use of Avidity Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Avidity Western Blot to Discriminate between Acute and Chronic Neospora Caninum Infection in Cattle

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aguado-Martínez ◽  
G. Álvarez-García ◽  
I. Arnaiz-Seco ◽  
E. Innes ◽  
L. M. Ortega-Mora
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Igg Avidity

Avidity serological tests (avidity enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] and avidity Western blot) were developed and used to differentiate between acute (primary infection, reinfection, and recrudescence) and chronic Neospora caninum infection in cattle. In addition, the pattern of immunoglobulin G (IgG) avidity maturation against different specific antigens of N. caninum tachyzoites was studied. Sequential serum samples were collected from cattle naturally and experimentally infected with N. caninum. Four groups of experimentally infected cattle were included in the study and were representative of primary infection, reinfection, chronic infection, and noninfection. Serum samples were also collected from naturally infected cattle classified into nonaborting and aborting cows on the basis of clinical findings and serological profiles, and a third group composed of seronegative cows that seroconverted during the course of the experiment. All samples were tested by avidity ELISA and avidity Western blot. The IgG avidity ELISA allowed the discrimination between primary and chronic infection because all experimentally primary-infection cows showed low avidity indexes at week 4 postinfection (p.i.) compared with the high avidity values found at week 20 postinfection. However, this test did not allow the discrimination of reinfection or recrudescence from chronic infection. Regarding IgG avidity Western blot results, no antigenic markers correlating with acute (primary infection, recrudescence, and reinfection) or chronic infection were recognized. However, the 17-kD immunodominant antigen was mostly responsible for high avidity values obtained by avidity ELISA because it was intensively recognized by high-avidity antibodies in all chronically infected animals after urea treatment.

scholarly journals Glutathione Peroxidase 3 as a Biomarker of Recurrence after Lung Cancer Surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3801
Author(s):  
Bo Gun Kho ◽  
Ha-Young Park ◽  
Hyun-Joo Cho ◽  
Cheol Kyu Park ◽  
Young-Chul Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Lung Cancer Surgery ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Complete Resection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase 3

We aimed to examine the usefulness of serum glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) as a biomarker of lung cancer recurrence after complete resection. We prospectively collected serial serum samples at the baseline, as well as 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery from complete resection cases in 2013. GPx3 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical tests including t-tests and Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed. Totally, 135 patients were enrolled, and 39 (28.9%) showed relapse during the median follow-up period (63.60 months; range, 0.167–81.867). The mean GPx3 change was significantly higher in the recurrence group at 6 months (0.32 ± 0.38 vs. 0.15 ± 0.29, p = 0.016) and 12 months (0.40 ± 0.37 vs. 0.13 ± 0.28, p = 0.001). The high GPx3 change group showed significantly higher 60-months recurrence rates than the low group (48.1% vs. 25.2% at 3 months, p = 0.005; 54.5% vs. 28.9% at 6 months, p = 0.018; 38.3% vs. 18.3% at 12 months, p = 0.035). High GPx3 change at 3 months were independent risk factors of recurrence (hazard ratio (HR) 3.318, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.582–6.960, p = 0.002) and survival (HR 3.150, 95% CI, 1.301–7.628, p = 0.011). Therefore, serum GPx3 changes after surgery may be useful predictive biomarkers for recurrence in lung cancer. Larger-scale validation studies are warranted to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Increasing number of secondary dengue cases: a concern

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1558
Author(s):  
Kumar S. Abhishek ◽  
Oves Siddiqui ◽  
Anita Chakravarti
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Igm Antibody ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Increasing Trend

ackground: Dengue fever is caused by mosquito borne arbovirus of family Flaviviridae, Aedes agypti as the principle vector. In the recent past Delhi has witnessed several outbreaks affecting thousands of individuals and many of them get re-infected during subsequent years forming a bulk of secondary dengue cases putting them at risk of developing severe dengue.Methods: A total of 150 serum samples from suspected dengue cases were tested for dengue fever by NS-1 antigen and IgM antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) followed by categorization into primary and secondary dengue using IgG avidity ELISA.Results: Out of total 150 clinically suspected dengue cases, 56 were positive either by Dengue NS-1 antigen or dengue IgM antibody or both. On the basis of dengue IgG avidity ELISA among 56 diagnosed dengue cases, 30 (53.57%) were found to be of secondary dengue.Conclusions: There is increasing trend of dengue cases in Delhi since past one decade. Being hyper-endemic area for dengue, more than 25% population have been reported to have past infection of dengue. Due to increased prevalence and simultaneous circulation of more than one serotypes, number of secondary dengue cases is also increasing. Since majority of severe dengue cases are associated with secondary dengue, early diagnosis and treatment can significantly reduce the fatal outcome. Thus, avidity testing for IgG antibody becomes an important tool.

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