scholarly journals Citizens’ Expectations from Government in Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study in Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Zarei ◽  
Saeed Shahabi ◽  
Ahmad Kalateh Sadati ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Seyed Taghi Heydari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background: The government is the main body in charge of controlling epidemics; hence, expectations from government’s intention and capacity would affect citizens’ behavior and flexibility. Given the severity of COVID-19 pandemic and an urgent need for people's cooperation in the prevention and combat processes, understanding the public perspectives would be crucial and instructive. This study aimed to explore such perspectives towards the current pandemic among the Iranian. Indeed, we sought to provide a favorable platform for effective policies in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic by recognizing public expectations.Methods: This cross sectional study used an open-ended online questionnaire to investigate the common perspectives of the Iranian towards government’s response to COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were selected using snowball and convenient sampling techniques across the country. The collected data were analyzed and described using thematic content analysis. Results: In general, 2547 participants agreed to participate in this study and completed the online questionnaire. According to the findings, the Iranian exhibited several expectations regarding the government's response to COVID-19 pandemic, based on which three main themes were extracted: (1) health-related expectations, (2) policy-related expectations, and (3) mass media-related expectations. In this study, a majority of the participants highlighted the need to consider and follow-up the patients and their families, provide financial and hygiene support during the pandemic, apply strict restrictions, and have close monitoring and controlling procedures. Furthermore, they mentioned that authorities and news agencies should observe honesty and transparency principals. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that people expect the government and other responsible institutions to minimize the burden of this pandemic on them through adopting effective policies. The study findings could help policy-makers become aware of people's expectations and develop better strategies.

scholarly journals Expectations of citizens from the government in response to COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Zarei ◽  
Saeed Shahabi ◽  
Ahmad Kalateh Sadati ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Seyed Taghi Heydari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background The government is the main body in charge of controlling epidemics; hence, expectations from the intention and capacities of the government would affect the flexibility and behaviors of citizens. Given the severity of COVID-19 pandemic and the urgent need for cooperation of people in the prevention and combat processes, understanding the public perspectives would be crucial and instructive. This study aimed to explore such perspectives towards the current pandemic among the Iranian. Indeed, we sought to provide a favorable platform for effective policies in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic through recognizing public expectations. Methods This cross-sectional survey used an open-ended online questionnaire to investigate the common perspectives of the Iranian towards the response of government to COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were selected using snowball and convenient sampling techniques across the country. The collected data were analyzed and described using a thematic analysis. Results In general, 2547 participants agreed to participate in this study and completed the online questionnaire. According to the findings, the Iranian exhibited several expectations regarding the response of the government to COVID-19 pandemic. Three main themes were extracted based on these expectations: (1) health-related expectations, (2) policy-related expectations, and (3) Information-related expectations. In this study, a majority of participants highlighted the need to consider and follow-up the patients and their families, providing the financial and hygiene support during the pandemic, applying strict restrictions, and using close monitoring and controlling procedures. Furthermore, they mentioned that authorities and news agencies should observe the principals honesty and transparency. Conclusions Our findings revealed that people expect the government and other responsible institutions to minimize the burden of this pandemic through adopting effective policies. Also, they could help policy-makers become aware of the expectations of people and develop better strategies.

scholarly journals Citizens’ Expectations from Government in Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: A cross-sectional study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Zarei ◽  
Saeed Shahabi ◽  
Ahmad Kalateh Sadati ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Seyed Taghi Heydari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background: The government is the main body in charge of controlling epidemics; hence, expectations from government’s intention and capacity would affect citizens’ behavior and flexibility. Given the severity of COVID-19 pandemic and an urgent need for people's cooperation in the prevention and combat processes, understanding the public perspectives would be crucial and instructive. This study aimed to explore such perspectives towards the current pandemic among the Iranian. Indeed, we sought to provide a favorable platform for effective policies in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic by recognizing public expectations.Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey and text data were collected in three areas. We used an open-ended online questionnaire to investigate the common perspectives of the Iranian towards government’s response to COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were selected using snowball and convenient sampling techniques across the country. The collected data were analyzed and described using thematic content analysis. Results: In general, 2547 participants agreed to participate in this study and completed the online questionnaire. According to the findings, the Iranian exhibited several expectations regarding the government's response to COVID-19 pandemic, based on which three main themes were extracted: (1) health-related expectations, (2) policy-related expectations, and (3) mass media-related expectations. In this study, a majority of the participants highlighted the need to consider and follow-up the patients and their families, provide financial and hygiene support during the pandemic, apply strict restrictions, and have close monitoring and controlling procedures. Furthermore, they mentioned that authorities and news agencies should observe honesty and transparency principals.Conclusions: Our findings revealed that people expect the government and other responsible institutions to minimize the burden of this pandemic on them through adopting effective policies. The study findings could help policy-makers become aware of people's expectations and develop better strategies.

scholarly journals Citizens’ Expectations from Government in Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Zarei ◽  
Saeed Shahabi ◽  
Ahmad Kalateh Sadati ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Seyed Taghi Heydari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
News Agencies ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background: The government is the main body in charge of controlling epidemics; hence, expectations from government’s intention and capacity would affect citizens’ behavior and flexibility. Given the severity of COVID-19 pandemic and an urgent need for people's cooperation in the prevention and combat processes, understanding the public perspectives would be crucial and instructive. This study aimed to explore such perspectives towards the current pandemic among the Iranian. Indeed, we sought to provide a favorable platform for effective policies in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic by recognizing public expectations.Methods: This qualitative study used an open-ended online questionnaire to investigate the common perspectives of the Iranian towards government’s response to COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were selected using snowball and convenient sampling techniques across the country. The collected data were analyzed and described using thematic content analysis. Results: In general, 2547 participants agreed to participate in this study and completed the online questionnaire. According to the findings, the Iranian exhibited several expectations regarding the government's response to COVID-19 pandemic, based on which three main themes were extracted: (1) health-related expectations, (2) policy-related expectations, and (3) mass media-related expectations. In this study, a majority of the participants highlighted the need to consider and follow-up the patients and their families, provide financial and hygiene support during the pandemic, apply strict restrictions, and have close monitoring and controlling procedures. Furthermore, they mentioned that authorities and news agencies should observe honesty and transparency principals.Conclusions: Our findings revealed that people expect the government and other responsible institutions to minimize the burden of this pandemic on them through adopting effective policies. The study findings could help policy-makers become aware of people's expectations and develop better strategies.

scholarly journals Citizens’ Expectations from Government in Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Zarei ◽  
Saeed Shahabi ◽  
Ahmad Kalateh Sadati ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Seyed Taghi Heydari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
The Public ◽  
News Agencies ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background The government is the main body in charge of controlling epidemics; hence, expectations from government’s intention and capacity would affect citizens’ behavior and flexibility. Although a range of policies, including social distancing measures, have been adopted in Iran to control COVID-19 pandemic, the Iranian have faced with several economic and social challenges. Accordingly, effective, equitable, and community-based policies must be formulated and adopted to diminish other burdens of this pandemic. Given the severity of COVID-19 pandemic and an urgent need for people's cooperation in the prevention and combat processes, understanding the public perspectives would be crucial and instructive.Methods This qualitative study used an open-ended online questionnaire to investigate the common perspectives of the Iranian towards government’s response to COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were selected using snowball and convenient sampling techniques across the country. The collected data were analyzed and described using thematic content analysis.Results In general, 2547 participants agreed to participate in this study and completed the online questionnaire. According to the findings, the Iranian exhibited several expectations regarding the government's response to COVID-19 pandemic, based on which three main themes were extracted: (1) health-related expectations, (2) policy-related expectations, and (3) mass media-related expectations. In this study, a majority of the participants highlighted the need to consider and follow-up the patients and their families, provide financial and hygiene support during the pandemic, apply strict restrictions, and have close monitoring and controlling procedures. Furthermore, they mentioned that authorities and news agencies should observe honesty and transparency principals.Conclusions Our findings revealed that people expect the government and other responsible institutions to minimize the burden of this pandemic on them through adopting effective policies. The study findings could help policy-makers become aware of people's expectations and develop better strategies.

scholarly journals A study on the knowledge, attitude & perspectives of final year students of bachelor of pharmacy programme in Malaysian Universities towards the implementation of the separation of drug prescribing & dispensing activity in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Santhanathan S Rajendram ◽  
Muhamad Danial Muhamad Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Care System

Dispensing separation in Malaysia has been a widely discussed topic among the medical fraternity. It is a highly sensitive topic as it involves both professional and economic considerations for doctors, pharmacists, and the general public. There has been no decision made thus far but the discussion is ongoing, making a study on this topic very relevant. The subjects of this study, final year students of Bachelor of Pharmacy Programme in Malaysian universities, are chosen to reflect their awareness, preparedness, and knowledge on dispensing separation, which will affect their future in the pharmacy profession. The study was conducted among all 20 Public and Private Institutions of Higher Learning recognized by the Pharmacy Board, Malaysia. This was a cross-sectional study design, and data was collected using a convenience sampling method. The research instrument was an online questionnaire. The first part of the questionnaire covers the demographic information about the respondent, like name, age, gender, and institution. The second part covers the knowledge, awareness and perspectives of respondents towards the implementation of the separation of prescribing and dispensing activities in Malaysia. The final part of the survey focuses on suggestions or problems arising. There were 126 respondents to the survey, way above the 96 respondents needed to make the survey valid. The majority of them are aware of and understand the dispensing separation. Most of them agree that the government should legalize the dispensing separation activities as they believe pharmacists are more knowledgeable and better equipped to dispense drugs. The majority of them believe by implementing dispensing separation, the health care system will be better optimized, and the service will be better. They also believe that patients can accept and adapt to the role of the pharmacist in dispensing medication. The majority of them also agree that the price of medicine will be lowered by the implementation of dispensing separation. Based on the study, these students who are future pharmacists are very knowledgeable on the dispensing separation issue. They believe strongly that the implementation of dispensing separation in Malaysia will bring more beneficial changes to the health care system. The patients will also benefit from this. With such a positive attitude, the implementation of dispensing separation in Malaysia could be imminent  

scholarly journals Proficiency, Attitudes, and Practices in Breastfeeding of Participants in a Pediatric Congress

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Cynthia Francisca Xavier Costa de Assis Silva ◽  
Maria do Carmo Barros de Melo ◽  
Roberto Gomes Chaves ◽  
Maria Cândida Ferrarez Bouzada
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Health Organization

Objective: To investigate the proficiency, practices, and attitudes about breastfeeding of participants in a Pediatrics Congress. Methods: Cross-sectional study in which an online questionnaire was applied, using a specific QRcode, for each study participant, in June 2018. The questions were formulated according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Among the 39 questions, 13 identified the profile of the participants, 19 questions assessed the proficiency in breastfeeding and 7 questions the practices and attitudes. Results: Responses to 296 questionnaires were evaluated, 62.5% of which were health professionals and 37.5% were undergraduate health students. In assessing proficiency, the global average did not reach the expected minimum of 70%. But the highest proficiency averages were found among health professionals (p: 0.0136), among professionals with more recent degrees (p <0.0001), and those who performed most of their activity in the public sector (p: 0.018). 77% of health professionals and 73% of students assessed attitudes and practices about breastfeeding as appropriate. Conclusion: The low proficiency in the population studied points to the need for periodic training of professionals in breastfeeding and greater emphasis on undergraduate curricula in the health area on the subject.

scholarly journals PREDICTORS OF UPTAKE OF A POTENTIAL COVID-19 VACCINE AMONG NIGERIAN ADULTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Oluwatemitope Olomofe ◽  
Victor Kehinde Soyemi ◽  
Bolaji Felicia Udomah ◽  
Adeyinka Olabisi Owolabi ◽  
Emmanuel Eziashi Ajumuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
P Value ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccination History ◽  
The Face ◽  
Level Of Significance

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe Coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) pandemic is not abating and there is no approved treatment yet. The development of vaccines is hoped to help in addressing this disease outbreak. However, in the face of anti-vaccines uprise, it is important to understand the factors that may influence the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines as this will influence how successful the fight against COVID-19 will be in the long term.MethodsA cross-sectional study among 776 adult Nigerians (age ≥18 years) was conducted in the 36 States of Nigeria and the Capital City with online questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 5 sections: socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, respondent’s knowledge of COVID-19, respondents risk perception of COVID-19, vaccination history of respondents, and willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine. Descriptive analysis of variables was done and multivariate analysis using logistic regression was carried out to determine the predictors of uptake of a potential COVID-19 vaccine. The level of significance was predetermined at a p-value < 0.05. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 21.ResultsMost of the respondents were male (58.1%). Most participants were willing to take a potential COVID-19 vaccine (58.2%), while 19.2% would not take it with 22.6% indecisive. 53.5% would prefer a single dose COVID-19 vaccine. For vaccine uptake, being male (p= 0.002) and the perception that “vaccines are good” (p< 0.001) were the positive predictor of uptake of a potential COVID-19 vaccine.ConclusionMost Nigerians were willing to take a potential COVID-19 vaccine with the male gender and perception that “vaccines are good” being positive predictors. There is a need for public enlightenment aim at encouraging those that are indecisive or averse to receiving COVID-19 vaccines.

scholarly journals ASSESSING COMPLIANCE WITH SMOKE FREE LAWS IN BATU BURUK, TERENGGANU: A DIRECT OBSERVATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Nik Nor Ronaidi Nik Mahdi ◽  
Aniza binti Abd Aziz ◽  
Rahmah binti Mohd. Amin ◽  
Yuzana binti Mohd Yusop
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
State Government ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Smoke Free Policy ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
The Status ◽  
Periodic Evaluation

Batu Buruk beach has been gazetted as a non-smoking zone by the Minister of Health under the initiative of Terengganu state government via their program known as ‘Terengganu Bebas Asap Rokok’ (TBAR). The smoking bans at Batu Buruk was enforced in order to preserve and protect the public from the dangers of cigarette smoke as well as to keep the city's environment clean and healthy. The objectives of this study were to assess the status of compliance to legislation and identify the potential aspects of violations in Batu Buruk, Terengganu, a gazetted smoke-free area. A cross-sectional study using direct observation was conducted includes all indoor and outdoor public areas in Batu Buruk Beach. Data were collected using a standard checklist which was constructed based on the provisions of the law governing exposure to tobacco smoke as stated in Control for Tobacco Products Regulation (CTPR) 2004. The study revealed that the average overall compliance with smoke-free policy was low (66.2%). The average compliance for indoor (67.4%) was higher as compared with outdoor (58.9%). Thirteen smokers were discovered smoking outdoor in the area during the study. None of the owners provides smoking aid at their premises. Although the beach has been gazetted as a non-smoking zone for more than two years, it is disappointing that overall compliance was still minimal and smoking activities are still happening in the area. Along with intense health promotion activities, continuous enforcement, close monitoring and periodic evaluation would improve and ensure the successfulness of the programme.      

scholarly journals Assessing the Understanding and Perception of the Significance of Seasonal Immune Care among the Taif Population during the Pilgrimage Seasons: Emphasis on Influenza and Meningitis Vaccines

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 931-940
Author(s):  
Amani Ahmed Alrehaili
Keyword(s):  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccination Recommendations ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Seasonal Flu

Background: A vaccine contains a disease-like agent, often consisting of the microbe, its toxins or one of the surface proteins, which is weakened or killed. The components of the vaccine trigger and encourage the body to recognize the vaccine as a foreign body. A vaccination is critical when considering the number of mortalities, accidents and complications for non-vaccine recipients. Objectives: The current study aimed for the evaluation of the prevalence of understanding among the Taif population of the importance of seasonal immunization, particularly influenza and meningitis vaccines, during Omrah and Hajj seasons. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in the province of Taif using an online questionnaire to determine the level of awareness and knowledge among public individuals about influenza and meningitis vaccines. About 467 responses were included in the study. Results: The results of the current study showed high knowledge regarding the significance of seasonal immunization among the general population although the majority of the population (i.e., 68.7%) do not have health-related backgrounds. It showed that 66.17% of participants were conscious of the effects of seasonal immunization. The study showed a considerable increase in the number of people who knew the purpose (i.e., 90%) compared with only 10% who were not aware. Moreover, approximately 78.80% of the participants reported that the key reason for seasonal immunization before and during the pilgrimage seasons was diseases transmission. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the population the danger of seasonal flu and its immunization (i.e. 50%). Nevertheless, with respect to the risk of meningitis and if immunization with meningitis should be required, the findings were substantially high. Around 88% of the population accepted that meningitis is dangerous and vaccination is necessary. Conclusion: The level of awareness about influenza and meningitis vaccination is comparatively high, while the commitments to seasonal immunization are fairly low. In order to increase annual seasonally vaccinated need, more information is needed and explanations of the low level of the side effects after immunization. For the seasonal vaccination recommendations, the attention of health officials is vital to enhanced protection for communities during pilgrimage seasons

scholarly journals Teachers' well-being in times of Covid-19 pandemic: factors that explain professional well-being

2020 ◽  
pp. 203-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Alves ◽  
Teresa Lopes ◽  
José Precioso
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predicting Factors ◽  
The Face ◽  
Probabilistic Sample

This cross-sectional study was aimed to describe and analyse factors related to the professional well-being of Portuguese teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. A previously validated, anonymous and online questionnaire was applied to a non-probabilistic sample of Portuguese teachers. In addition to the socio-demographic and professional variables, the questionnaire measured subjective and professional well-being, satisfaction with the education system and future perspectives regarding the professional circumstances. The psychometric characteristics of the questionnaire were analysed, the t-test and ANOVA were used to analyse the differences between the main variables and the socio-demographic and professional characteristics, along with the generalized linear model in order to more precisely determine the predicting factors of teachers' professional well-being. The results showed that the majority of respondents have a moderately positive perception of well-being. Teachers were satisfied with the education system before the pandemic. The pandemic has reduced the perception of well-being in the face of the profession, creating some concern among teachers about their professional future. Sex, length of service, well-being, perceptions of teaching difficulties and future perspectives proved to be predictors of professional well-being in times of pandemic. This study provided scientific bases for the development of interventions that improve the professional well-being of teachers, which focus on emotional management and the development of digital skills in teachers with long careers. This piece of research concluded with thorough evidence that there is a need for further and stronger investment in public policies for the reform and, consequently, for the renewal of the teaching class.

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