scholarly journals Salinity-Temperature Sensor using One-Dimensional Deformed Photonic Crystal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naim Ben Ali ◽  
Haitham Alsaif ◽  
Youssef Trabelsi ◽  
Muhammad Tajammal Chughtai ◽  
D. Vigneswaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
Photonic Structure ◽  
Deformation Degree ◽  
Sensitivity Equation ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Quality Factor Q

Abstract In this paper, new salinity and temperature sensor according to deformed one-dimensional photonic structure is proposed. The structure is constructed by alternating the couple of layers Air/Fused-Silica P-times. In the middle of the structure, a cavity containing the seawater is inserted to mesure its salinity and temperature. The Transfer Matrix Method (TMM) is used to simulate the wave-transmittance spectra. It is showed that, the quality factor (Q-factor) of the resonance peaks depends to the repetitive number (P) of layers. After that, the thickness of the layers is deformed by changing the deformation degree (h). The parameters P and h are optimized to get the maximal Q-factor with the minimal number of layers and structure’s thickness. The best sensitivity [[EQUATION]] of the proposed salinity sensor is 558.82 nm/RFIU with a detection limit of 0.0034 RFIU. In addition, the best sensitivity [[EQUATION]] of the designed temperature sensor is 600 nm/RFIU with a detection limit of 0.0005 RFIU.

scholarly journals High Sensitivity to Salinity-Temperature Using One-Dimensional Deformed Photonic Crystal

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Naim Ben Ali ◽  
Haitham Alsaif ◽  
Youssef Trabelsi ◽  
Muhammad Tajammal Chughtai ◽  
Vigneswaran Dhasarathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
Deformation Degree ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Structure Thickness ◽  
Quality Factor Q

This paper aims to theoretically study the concept of a photonic salinity and temperature sensor according to a deformed one-dimensional photonic structure. The fundamental capability of the proposed sensor is studied. Simultaneously we search to optimize the thickness of the structure and to get the maximum salinity and temperature sensitivity. The structure is constructed by alternating layers of TiO2 and fused-silica P times. In the middle of the structure, a cavity containing seawater is inserted to measure its salinity and temperature. The transfer matrix method (TMM) is used to simulate the wave-transmittance spectra. It is shown that the quality factor (Q-factor) of the resonance peaks depends on the number (P) of layers. After that, the thickness of the layers is deformed by changing the deformation degree (h). The parameters P and h are optimized to get the maximal Q-factor with the minimal number of layers and structure thickness. The best sensitivity SS of the proposed salinity sensor is 558.82 nm/RFIU with a detection limit of 0.0034 RFIU. In addition, the best sensitivity ST of the designed temperature sensor is 600 nm/RFIU with a detection limit of 0.0005 RFIU.

scholarly journals A 5.86 Million Quality Factor Cylindrical Resonator with Improved Structural Design Based on Thermoelastic Dissipation Analysis

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 6003
Author(s):  
Libin Zeng ◽  
Yiming Luo ◽  
Yao Pan ◽  
Yonglei Jia ◽  
Jianping Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Factor ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Cylindrical Resonator ◽  
Traditional Structure ◽  
Cylindrical Resonators ◽  
Quality Factor Q ◽  
Crucial Parameter

The cylindrical resonator is the core component of cylindrical resonator gyroscopes (CRGs). The quality factor (Q factor) of the resonator is one crucial parameter that determines the performance of the gyroscope. In this paper, the finite element method is used to theoretically investigate the influence of the thermoelastic dissipation (TED) of the cylindrical resonator. The improved structure of a fused silica cylindrical resonator is then demonstrated. Compared with the traditional structure, the thermoelastic Q (QTED) of the resonator is increased by 122%. In addition, the Q factor of the improved cylindrical resonator is measured, and results illustrate that, after annealing and chemical etching, the Q factor of the resonator is significantly higher than that of the cylindrical resonators reported previously. The Q factor of the cylindrical resonator in this paper reaches 5.86 million, which is the highest value for a cylindrical resonator to date.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Variation of Surface Roughness and Q Factors of Fused Silica Cylindrical Resonators with Different Grinding Speeds

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1052
Author(s):  
Libin Zeng ◽  
Yunfeng Tao ◽  
Yao Pan ◽  
Jianping Liu ◽  
Kaiyong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
Cylindrical Resonator ◽  
Axisymmetric Shell ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Q Factors ◽  
Cylindrical Resonators ◽  
Quality Factor Q

For the axisymmetric shell resonator gyroscopes, the quality factor (Q factor) of the resonator is one of the core parameters limiting their performances. Surface loss is one of the dominating losses, which is related to the subsurface damage (SSD) that is influenced by the grinding parameters. This paper experimentally studies the surface roughness and Q factor variation of six resonators ground by three different grinding speeds. The results suggest that the removal of the SSD cannot improve the Q factor continuously, and the variation of surface roughness is not the dominant reason to affect the Q factor. The measurement results indicate that an appropriate increase in the grinding speed can significantly improve the surface quality and Q factor. This study also demonstrates that a 20 million Q factor for fused silica cylindrical resonators is achievable using appropriate manufacturing processes combined with post-processing etching, which offers possibilities for developing high-precision and low-cost cylindrical resonator gyroscopes.

scholarly journals One-Dimensional Topological Photonic Crystal Mirror Heterostructure for Sensing

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1940
Author(s):  
Sayed Elshahat ◽  
Israa Abood ◽  
Mohamed Saleh M. Esmail ◽  
Zhengbiao Ouyang ◽  
Cuicui Lu
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
Pulse Compression ◽  
Defect Mode ◽  
Edge State ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Lorentzian Line ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Quality Factor Q

A paradigm for high-quality factor (Q) with a substantial fulfillment for appraising sensing ability and performance has been investigated. Through constructing a 1D (one-dimensional) topological photonic crystal (PhC) mirror heterostructure, which is formed by the image view of 1D topological PhC stacking with its original one. In the 1D topological PhC-mirror heterostructure, there is an interesting mode that appeared with the symmetric, typical Lorentzian-line shape with 100% transmittance in the topological mirror edge-state mode (hybrid resonance mode) at the heterostructure interface. Physically, such a mode is a defect mode, but the defect is introduced through topological operations. The high Q-factor of 5.08 × 104 is obtained due to the strong optical localization of the defect mode at the topological edge area. Consequently, this device acts as a narrow passband filter. Moreover, due to the narrow bandpass property, it may be an advantageous reference for many applications in filtering, switching, and sensing. Thus, introducing an electro-optical (EO) polymer layer at the interface to modify the edge defect can tune the defect mode both in frequency and Q-factor for higher spatial pulse compression and higher EO sensitivity. Accordingly, the Q-factor of 105, the sensitivity of 616 nm/RIU, and the figure of merit of 49,677.42 RIU−1 are obtained. The sensing ability and performance are attributable to the strong optical localization in the interface region and enhanced light-matter interaction. We predict that the 1D topological PhC mirror heterostructure will be an outstanding point in the field of optical sensing, filters, and optical switching in different fields.

scholarly journals High acetone sensing properties of In2O3–NiO one-dimensional heterogeneous nanofibers based on electrospinning

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 11215-11223
Author(s):  
Xiangxiang Fan ◽  
Yajuan Xu ◽  
Wuming He
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Sensing Properties ◽  
Sensing Performance

The In2O3–NiO nanofiber with p–n heterojunctions exhibited an enhanced acetone sensing performance, and the detection limit reached 10 ppb.

scholarly journals A Study on the Trimming Effects on the Quality Factor of Micro-Shell Resonators Vibrating in Wineglass Modes

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 695
Author(s):  
Lu ◽  
Xi ◽  
Xiao ◽  
Shi ◽  
Zhuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Quality Factor ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Fem Simulation ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
Thermoelastic Damping ◽  
Frequency Trimming ◽  
Quality Factor Q ◽  
Anchor Loss

Frequency trimming based on mass and stiffness modification is an important post-fabrication process for micro-shell resonators (MSRs). However, the trimming effects on the quality factor are seldom studied, although they may have great influence on the performance of the resonator. This paper presents a study on the quality factor (Q-factor) variation of trimmed micro-shell resonators (MSR). Thermoelastic damping (QTED) and anchor loss (Qanchor) are found to be the dominant energy loss mechanisms resulting in the reduction of the overall Q-factor, according to finite element method (FEM). The effects of different trimming methods on QTED and Qanchor are studied here, respectively. It is found that trimming grooves ablated in the rim of the resonator can cause a ~1–10% reduction of QTED, and the length of trimming groove is positively related to the reduction of QTED. The reduction of QTED caused by the mass adding process is mainly related to the thermal expansion coefficient and density of the additive and contact area between the resonator and additive masses. Besides, the first and second harmonic errors caused by asymmetrical trimming can cause a 10–90% reduction of Qanchor. Finally, trimming experiments were conducted on different resonators and the results were compared with FEM simulation. The work presented in this paper could help to optimize the trimming process of MSRs.

scholarly journals Orthogonal Demodulation Pound–Drever–Hall Technique for Ultra-Low Detection Limit Pressure Sensing

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinliang Hu ◽  
Sheng Liu ◽  
Xiang Wu ◽  
Liying Liu ◽  
Lei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Wavelength Shift ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Frequency Sensitivity ◽  
Lower Detection Limit ◽  
Lower Detection ◽  
Shift Detection ◽  
Quality Factor Q ◽  
Hall Technique

We report on a novel optical microcavity sensing scheme by using the orthogonal demodulation Pound–Drever–Hall (PDH) technique. We found that larger sensitivity in a broad range of cavity quality factor (Q) could be obtained. Taking microbubble resonator (MBR) pressure sensing as an example, a lower detection limit than the conventional wavelength shift detection method was achieved. When the MBR cavity Q is about 105–106, the technique can decrease the detection limit by one or two orders of magnitude. The pressure-frequency sensitivity is 11.6 GHz/bar at wavelength of 850 nm, and its detection limit can approach 0.0515 mbar. This technique can also be applied to other kinds of microcavity sensors to improve sensing performance.

scholarly journals A Resonant Coupling Power Transfer System Using Two Driving Coils

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2914
Author(s):  
Changping Li ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Ruining Huang ◽  
Ying Yi
Keyword(s):  
Separation Distance ◽  
Secondary Coil ◽  
Transfer System ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Receiver Side ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Resonant Coupling ◽  
Power Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Quality Factor Q

This paper presents a resonance-based wireless power transfer (R-WPT) system using two multi-layer multi-turn inductor coils on the transmission side and a third coil on the receiver side. We theoretically characterized and optimized the system in terms of quality factor (Q factor) of the coils and power transfer efficiency (PTE). In our R-WPT prototype, the alternating currents (AC) were simultaneously applied to two transmitter coils, which, in turn, transferred power wirelessly to the secondary coil with a 3-mm radius on the receiving end. Owing to the optimization of the inductive coils, all of the coils achieved the highest Q-factor and PTE at the resonance frequency of 2.9 MHz, and the transfer distance could be extended up to 30 mm. The results show that the PTE was greater than 74% at a separation distance of 5 mm and about 38.7% at 20 mm. This is distinctly higher than that of its 2 and 3-coil counterparts using only one driving coil.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL PHOTONIC BANDGAP STRUCTURES USING MULTILAYER NONLINEAR THIN FILMS

1995 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. ZHAO ◽  
D. HUANG ◽  
C. WU ◽  
R. SHEN
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Photonic Bandgap ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Quarter Wavelength ◽  
Visible Wavelength Range ◽  
Nonlinear Devices ◽  
Photonic Bandgap Structures

The transmission of electromagnetic radiation through the nonlinear one-dimensional photonic bandgap structure with different configurations are comparatively studied. It is found that the quarter-wavelength thickness arrangement gives rise to a wide window in the visible wavelength range. The modulated superlattice scheme only produces a number of narrow windows. The scheme using random layer thickness is expected to open a very wide window by making use of film nonlinearity when the number of layers is sufficient large. These nonlinear devices can be fabricated by using available materials.

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