scholarly journals Circulating miR-375 Correlates With Response of Human Individuals to Short-Term Cold Exposure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudine Seeliger ◽  
Laura Aline Mengel ◽  
Lise Buekens ◽  
Alberto Mesas-Fernández ◽  
Thomas Skurk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Mirna Array ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Supraclavicular Skin Temperature ◽  
Shivering Thermogenesis

Abstract Cold-induced non-shivering thermogenesis (CIT) of the human body is currently discussed as an important contributor to energy metabolism, and miRNAs have recently been reported as key regulators of metabolism. Identifying the link of CIT and circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in a large cohort of human individuals remains elusive to date. Here, we analyzed a set of 158 miRNAs in the serum of 97 female and 72 male healthy individuals before and after cold exposure (CE). Validating the results of a miRNA array, a significant down-regulation of miR-375 was measured in individuals after CIT (P<0.0001). These changes went along with a significant negative correlation between miR‑375 and the supraclavicular skin temperature (P=0.012). Additionally, the regulation of miR-375 was sex-dependent, with female individuals showing a significantly stronger decrease in expression of miR-375 under CIT compared to males. Such findings were already seen under thermoneutral conditions, where females display significant lower miR-375 expression levels (P=0.015). Besides, the lower miR‑375 expression levels were negatively correlated with the amount of visceral fat tissue in the female cohort (P=0.0002). This study identified miR-375 as a potential new sex-dependent marker for cold-induced thermogenesis.

Sprint Interval Training Decreases Circulating MicroRNAs Important for Muscle Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Denham ◽  
Adrian Gray ◽  
John Scott-Hamilton ◽  
Amanda Hagstrom
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Development ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Sprint Interval Training ◽  
Circulating Mirnas ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Before And After

AbstractSmall non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), have emerged as powerful post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that play important roles in many developmental and biological processes. In this study, we assessed the abundance of circulating microRNAs important for skeletal muscle and heart adaptations to exercise (miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b and miR-486), following acute exercise and short-term sprint interval training (SIT). Twenty-eight individuals completed four all-out efforts on a cycle ergometer, and donated blood before and 30 min after the cessation of exercise. A subset of 10 untrained men completed 4-6 efforts of SIT, three times a week for 6 weeks, and donated resting blood samples before and after the intervention. MiRNA TaqMan qPCR was performed and whilst no changes were observed after a single session of SIT (all p>0.05), the 6-wk SIT intervention significantly reduced the whole blood content of all four miRNAs (mean fold-changes: 0.37–0.48, all p<0.01). Our data suggests that circulating miRNAs are responsive to short-term SIT and could have roles in SIT-induced health and performance adaptations. Further work is required to establish whether circulating miRNAs could serve as biomarkers for predicting exercise training responses and monitoring exercise interventions.

scholarly journals Short-Term Cooling Increases Plasma ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL8 in Young Healthy Lean Men but Not in Middle-Aged Men with Overweight and Prediabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura G.M. Janssen ◽  
Matti Jauhiainen ◽  
Vesa M. Olkkonen ◽  
P.A. Nidhina Haridas ◽  
Kimberly J. Nahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lipoprotein Distribution

Angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTLs) regulate triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoprotein distribution via inhibiting TG hydrolysis by lipoprotein lipase in metabolic tissues. Brown adipose tissue combusts TG-derived fatty acids to enhance thermogenesis during cold exposure. It has been shown that cold exposure regulates ANGPTL4, but its effects on ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL8 in humans have not been elucidated. We therefore investigated the effect of short-term cooling on plasma ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL8, besides ANGPTL4. Twenty-four young, healthy, lean men and 20 middle-aged men with overweight and prediabetes were subjected to 2 h of mild cooling just above their individual shivering threshold. Before and after short-term cooling, plasma ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, and ANGPTL8 were determined by ELISA. In young, healthy, lean men, short-term cooling increased plasma ANGPTL3 (+16%, p < 0.05), ANGPTL4 (+15%, p < 0.05), and ANGPTL8 levels (+28%, p < 0.001). In middle-aged men with overweight and prediabetes, short-term cooling only significantly increased plasma ANGPTL4 levels (+15%, p < 0.05), but not ANGPTL3 (230 ± 9 vs. 251 ± 13 ng/mL, p = 0.051) or ANGPTL8 (2.2 ± 0.5 vs. 2.3 ± 0.5 μg/mL, p = 0.46). We show that short-term cooling increases plasma ANGPTL4 levels in men, regardless of age and metabolic status, but only overtly increases ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL8 levels in young, healthy, lean men.

Changes in cold-induced vasodilation during Arctic exercises

1976 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Middle Finger ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Finger Temperature ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Difficult Terrain ◽  
Diurnal Temperatures ◽  
Ice Water ◽  
Left Middle

The effect of exposure to cold on cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) was examined in military personnel who had experienced a 2-wk stay in the Artic. During this time, the daily regimen consisted of long marches over difficult terrain and sleep in unheated tents with diurnal temperatures ranging from -10 to -40 degrees C. In tests conducted before and after the 2-wk period, CIVD was measured in the left middle finger of each subject by its immersion in ice water. After the 2-wk period, the value of mean finger temperature during the test had decreased relative to that observed before the test, the time required before the first vasodilative temperature increase occurred had become greater, and the finger temperature value at which the vasodilative increase was initiated has been lowered. These changes manifest a deleterious effect of cold exposure on the CIVD, contrary to expectations, and suggest that the effect of short-term cold exposure is to produce a general rather than peripheral acclimation in these subjects.

Ventilatory and metabolic responses to cold and hypoxia in intact and carotid body-denervated rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 847-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Gautier ◽  
M. Bonora
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Carotid Body ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Nonshivering Thermogenesis ◽  
Ventilatory Control ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Colonic Temperature ◽  
Shivering Thermogenesis ◽  
Made In

The effects of hypoxia on thermoregulation and ventilatory control were studied in conscious rats before and after carotid denervation (CD). Measurements of metabolic rate (VO2), ventilation (V), shivering intensity (SI), and colonic temperature (Tc) were made in groups of eight rats subjected to three protocols. In protocols 1 and 2, at ambient temperature (Ta) of 25 and 5 degrees C, respectively, rats were exposed to normoxia and hypoxia [inspired O2 fraction (FIO2) 0.13–0.11]. In protocol 3, Ta was decreased from 25 to 5 degrees C in 30-min steps of 5 degrees C. Recordings were made in normoxia and hypoxia (FIO2 0.12). The results show that in both intact and CD rats 1) in normoxia, cold exposure increased VO2, V, and SI, and these increases were proportional to the decrease in Ta; 2) hypoxia induced only a transient decrease in SI, and, for a given Ta, VO2 was reduced whereas V and SI were increased; and 3) in CD rats, V increased less during cold exposure in both normoxia and hypoxia; VO2 and Tc were more depressed during hypoxia. It is concluded that 1) the interaction between Ta and FIO2 in the control of V is partly dependent on the carotid body afferents, 2) shivering thermogenesis may be transiently affected by hypoxia independently of the carotid body afferents, and 3) nonshivering thermogenesis may be directly inhibited by hypoxia, especially during cold exposure.

TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF BMV ON P WAVE DISPERSION AND SHORT TERM PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF P WAVE DISPERSION IN PREDICTION OF CLINICAL OUTCOME AFTER PERCUTANEOUS BALLOON MITRAL VALVULOPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH MITRAL STENOSIS AND SINUS RHYTHM

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Kumar Agarwal ◽  
Daulat Singh Meena ◽  
Vijay Pathak ◽  
Anoop Jain ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Ola
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Wave Dispersion ◽  
Tissue Doppler ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Short Term ◽  
P Wave Dispersion ◽  
Mitral Valvuloplasty ◽  
Percutaneous Balloon ◽  
Before And After

Background: The aim of the present study was to study the effect of percutaneous balloon mitral  valvuloplasty (PBMV) on P wave dispersion and to test the correlation between P-maximum and  P-dispersion to right ventricular function and pulmonary artery pressure before and after PMBV. Also to study the impact of P-maximum and P-wave dispersion on the short term clinical outcome after successful PBMV in patients with mitral stenosis (MS) and sinus rhythm. Methods: 75 patients undergoing PMBV were enrolled in this study. We evaluated P-maximum, P-minimum and P-wave dispersion before and one month and one year after PBMV . We studied the changes in pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), left atrial (LA) dimension, mitral diastolic gradient, and mitral valve area, in addition to the changes in right ventricular function utilizing tissue Doppler assessment both before and after PMBV, in addition the role of the P-wave dispersion in prediction of late cardiac events. Results: There were significant decrease in mean diastolic gradient, PAP, and LA size and significant improvement in right ventricular tissue Doppler indices after PMBV. Accompany these hemodynamic changes after PMBV. P-maximum and P-wave dispersion were found to be decreased (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Successful PBMV was associated with a decrease in Pmax and PWD. These simple electrocardiographic indices may predict the success of the procedure immediately after PBMV.  The P-maximum and P-wave dispersion changes were correlated with significant impairment of right dysfunction and the degree of pulmonary artery pressure. Keywords: PBMV.PAP,LA

Profiling circulating microRNAs as serum biomarkers for thyroid cancer recurrence before and after recombinant human TSH stimulation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Jankovic-Miljus ◽  
Leon Wert-Lamas ◽  
Maria Augusta Guillen-Sacoto ◽  
Andrea Martinez-Cano ◽  
Pilar Santisteban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Serum Biomarkers ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Recombinant Human Tsh ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Tsh Stimulation

Impact of Michigan’s new opioid prescribing laws on spine surgery patients: analysis of the Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Paul Park ◽  
Victor Chang ◽  
Hsueh-Han Yeh ◽  
Jason M. Schwalb ◽  
David R. Nerenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Spinal Surgery ◽  
Readmission Rate ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Readmission Rates ◽  
Opioid Prescribing ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVEIn 2017, Michigan passed new legislation designed to reduce opioid abuse. This study evaluated the impact of these new restrictive laws on preoperative narcotic use, short-term outcomes, and readmission rates after spinal surgery.METHODSPatient data from 1 year before and 1 year after initiation of the new opioid laws (beginning July 1, 2018) were queried from the Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative database. Before and after implementation of the major elements of the new laws, 12,325 and 11,988 patients, respectively, were treated.RESULTSPatients before and after passage of the opioid laws had generally similar demographic and surgical characteristics. Notably, after passage of the opioid laws, the number of patients taking daily narcotics preoperatively decreased from 3783 (48.7%) to 2698 (39.7%; p < 0.0001). Three months postoperatively, there were no differences in minimum clinically important difference (56.0% vs 58.0%, p = 0.1068), numeric rating scale (NRS) score of back pain (3.5 vs 3.4, p = 0.1156), NRS score of leg pain (2.7 vs 2.7, p = 0.3595), satisfaction (84.4% vs 84.7%, p = 0.6852), or 90-day readmission rate (5.8% vs 6.2%, p = 0.3202) between groups. Although there was no difference in readmission rates, pain as a reason for readmission was marginally more common (0.86% vs 1.22%, p = 0.0323).CONCLUSIONSThere was a meaningful decrease in preoperative narcotic use, but notably there was no apparent negative impact on postoperative recovery, patient satisfaction, or short-term outcomes after spinal surgery despite more restrictive opioid prescribing. Although the readmission rate did not significantly increase, pain as a reason for readmission was marginally more frequently observed.

scholarly journals Feasibility and Enjoyment of Exercise Video Games in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 559-559
Author(s):  
Sara Freed ◽  
Briana Sprague ◽  
Lesley Ross
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Xbox Kinect ◽  
Game Developers

Abstract Interventions using exercise video games, or exergames, have shown short-term cognitive and physical benefits to older adults, though long-term effects are less promising. Enjoyment of exergames may promote exergame use after the intervention period, though little work has examined older adults’ views of exergames before and after gameplay experience. We invited 20 older adults between 65 and 84 years of age (M=73.30, SD=5.95) to play two Xbox Kinect games, Just Dance and Kinect Sports Rivals, for twenty minutes. In our presentation, we will present qualitative and quantitative findings of this pilot study, including findings that older adults reported that they were not likely to play similar exergames in the future and that they did not find the exergames to be more fun compared to other ways of exercising. We will discuss implications for game design and research relevant to game developers, manufacturers, and researchers. Part of a symposium sponsored by Technology and Aging Interest Group.

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