scholarly journals Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Activities in Extremophile Microalgae Dunaliella Salina, Cylindrotheca Closterium and Phormidium Versicolor According to NaCl Concentration and Irradiance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wassim GUERMAZI ◽  
Salma Masmoudi ◽  
Sana Gammoudi ◽  
Neila Annabi Trabelsi ◽  
Habib Ayadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Cylindrotheca Closterium ◽  
Antioxidative Enzyme Activities

Abstract Dunaliella salina (Chlorophyceae), Phormidium versicolor (Cyanophyceae) and Cylindrotheca closterium (Bacillariophyceae) were isolated from three ponds in the solar saltern of Sfax (Tunisia) having an average salinity of 350, 100 and 90 respectively. Growth, pigment contents, photosynthetic and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured under controlled conditions: three light levels (300, 500 and 1000 µmol photons m-2 s-1) and three NaCl concentrations (40, 80 and 140 g L-1). The highest salinity reduced the growth of D. salina and P. versicolor, and strongly inhibited that of C. closterium. These results are in accordance with the species distibution in the salt marshes. Irradiance rise only induced a significant increase of net photosynthesis in C. closterium probably due to the efficient nonphotochemical quenching and antioxidative enzyme activities. According to □PSII values, the photosynthetic apparatus of P. versicolor was stimulated by increasing salinity whereas that of D. salina and C. closterium was decreased by irradiance rise. The production of carotenoids in D. salina and P. versicolor was stimulated when salinity and irradiance increased whereas it decreased in the diatom. Antioxidant activity of carotenoids could compensate the low antioxidant enzyme activity measured in D. salina.

scholarly journals Physiological and Antioxidant Parameters in Two Lycoris Species as Influenced by Water Deficit Stress

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1702-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Xu ◽  
Mingmin Jiang ◽  
Jiangyan Fu ◽  
Lijian Liang ◽  
Bing Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase

From a field experiment, the changes in morphophysiological characters and antioxidant enzyme activities were studied in two Lycoris species (Lycoris radiata and Lycoris aurea) subjected to 16 days of water deficit stress. With the increase of water deficit stress processing time, leaf relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (gS), transpiration rate (E), and chlorophyll (Chl) content decreased in both studied species. The water use efficiency (WUE) showed an opposite tendency between the two species under water deficit stress, where WUE of L. aurea decreased moderately and WUE of L. aurea increased somehow. Intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) in L. aurea and L. radiata decreased in respond to water deficit stress at early stages of stress treatment, then increased throughout the rest of the stress period, and reached levels higher than those in well-watered plants at the end of the treatment. In addition, there was a significant increment in soluble sugar content and proline accumulation under water deficit stress in both species, and L. radiata showed a much more accumulation. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increased in both plants subjected to water deficit stress while declined as the stress time increased. In L. aurea, catalase (CAT) showed a sustained increment, but it responded later and after a transient increase declined again in L. radiata under water deficit stress. In conclusion, L. radiata was more tolerant to water deficit stress than L. aurea as evidenced by its relatively higher water status, higher levels of proline, soluble sugar and pigments, and stronger photoprotection. Moreover, relatively higher antioxidant enzyme activities and lower levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in L. radiata were also associated with its better protection against water deficit stress-induced oxidative damage.

scholarly journals Physiological and biochemical changes in waterlog tolerant sesame genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
RR Saha ◽  
F Ahmed ◽  
N Mokarroma ◽  
MM Rohman ◽  
PC Golder
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Waterlogging Tolerance ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Sesame Genotypes

An experiment was conducted under pot culture to investigate physiological responses as well as antioxidative enzymes activities that may lead to select sesame genotype (s) which were more waterlogging tolerant at vegetative stage. Four sesame genotypes viz. BD-6980, BD- 6985, BD-6992 and BD-7012 were grown under waterlogged (at vegetative stage) and control (no waterlogged) conditions. Plant height, root length, root volume, root dry weight and leaf area per plant in all the four sesame genotypes significantly decreased due to waterlogging at vegetative stage in comparison to controlled condition. Higher SPAD value (Soil and Plant Analyzer Development) and specific leaf mass were recorded in waterlogged plant than controlled plant during waterlogging period but reverse was the case during recovery period. All the genotypes showed positive indices of waterlogging tolerance in terms of better performance of root, stem, leaf and petiole. Among the genotypes, BD 6980 showed higher waterlogging tolerance in all the components followed by BD 6985. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was found higher in waterlogged plant of all the four sesame genotypes in both waterlogging period and recovery period than the controlled plant. Antioxidant enzyme activities like Peroxidase (POD), Catalase (CAT), Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and Superoxide dismutase(SOD) were inconsistent in the present study but most of the antioxidant enzyme activities showed an increasing trend in waterlogged plant than that of control plant in all the genotypes. Comparatively low amount of MDA content and high antioxidant activities of sesame genotype BD 6980 is considered as highly tolerant to waterlogging and other three genotypes are moderately tolerant under water logging condition.SAARC J. Agri., 14(2): 31-45 (2016)

scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Zn, Cu, and Ni and Bacillus Thuringiensis On the Hemocyte Count and the Antioxidant Activities of Hyphantria Cunea Drury (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) Larvae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oğuzhan Yanar ◽  
Elif F. Topkara ◽  
Fatma G. Solmaz ◽  
Sevcan Mercan
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea

Abstract Insects are model organisms for immunological studies. The cellular and the antioxidant enzyme responses of insects are major bioindicators against environmental stresses (metal exposure, infection, etc.). In our study, the differences in the hemocyte counts and the antioxidant enzyme activities of Hyphantria cunea larvae exposed to the different amounts of zinc, copper, and nickel and Bacillus thuringiensis infection were determined. With metal exposure, the superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities increased, but the hemocyte counts decreased. Additionally, both the hemocyte counts and the enzyme activities increased with Bacillus thuringiensis infection. As a result of this study, we found that the superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase and the hemocyte counts varied in response to both metal exposure and bacterial infection.

scholarly journals Investigation of Some Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Cherry Fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 725-729
Author(s):  
Tuğba Gür ◽  
Fatih Karahan ◽  
Halit Demir ◽  
Canan Demir
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
The Family

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase enzyme (CAT) activities with strong antioxidant properties were determined in cherry fruits obtained from different regions such as Aegean, Mediterranean and Marmara. The cherry fruit extract was prepared and some antioxidant activities were determined. Cherry (prunus avium) is a fruit belonging to the family of rosaceae. Its homeland is asia minor. Many varieties are grown in Turkey. There are more than a hundred culture forms grown in north america with temperate regions of europe and asia. Its body is in the form of a flat-shell tree. Cherry is a fruit rich in vitamin C. They do not contain fat and cholesterol. It contains essential minerals such as fiber, vitamin A, iron, calcium, protein as well as abundant potassium. Red cherries also contain melatonin, which helps combat harmful toxins. Due to its antioxidant properties, it has many benefits such as prevention of some types of cancer, reduction of inflammation, prevention of gout and removal of muscle pain. For this purpose, it is aimed to determine some enzyme activities which are thought to be found in cherry fruit. In this study, antioxidant enzyme activities in cherry fruit were determined by spectrophotometric method. Additonaly the findings were analyzed by using multidimensional statistical methods and the results were discussed in a multidimensional manner. It is obtained that the highest catalase enzyme activity was determined in the Aegean region (4.330 U/L), while the highest superoxide dismutase enzyme activity was found in the Mediterranean region (7.176 U/L).

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Recombinant Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 Expressing Antioxidant Enzymes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 595
Author(s):  
Zhaoyan Lin ◽  
Seockmo Ku ◽  
Taehwan Lim ◽  
Sun Young Park ◽  
Myeong Soo Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ht 29

Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4-SK (BGN4-SK), a recombinant strain which was constructed from B. bifidum BGN4 (BGN4) to produce superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, was analyzed to determine its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro. Culture conditions were determined to maximize the SOD and catalase activities of BGN4-SK. The viability, intracellular radical oxygen species (ROS) levels, intracellular antioxidant enzyme activities, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were determined to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of BGN4-SK in human intestinal epithelial cells (HT-29) and murine macrophage cells (RAW 264.7). Antioxidant enzymes (SOD and catalase) were produced at the highest levels when BGN4-SK was cultured for 24 h in a medium containing 500 μM MnSO4 and 30 μM hematin, with glucose as the carbon source. The viability and intracellular antioxidant enzyme activities of H2O2-stimulated HT-29 treated with BGN4-SK were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of cells treated with BGN4. The intracellular ROS levels of H2O2-stimulated HT-29 cells treated with BGN4-SK were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those of cells treated with BGN4. BGN4-SK more significantly suppressed the production of interleukin (IL)-6 (p < 0.05), tumor necrosis factor-α (p < 0.01), and IL-8 (p < 0.05) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated HT-29 and LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells compared to BGN4. These results suggest that BGN4-SK may have enhanced antioxidant activities against oxidative stress in H2O2-stimulated HT-29 cells and enhanced anti-inflammatory activities in LPS-stimulated HT-29 and RAW 264.7 cells.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity Profiles of Different Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Cultivars at Different Developmental Stages

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Li-Na Deng ◽  
Gong-Neng Feng ◽  
Yue Gao ◽  
Yu-Xiang Shen ◽  
Hong-Shan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Barley grass possesses high nutritional value and antioxidant properties. In this study, the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant enzyme activities in six cultivars of barley grass were explored at three developmental stages: tillering, jointing, and booting stages. Total chlorophyll (Chl t) and carotenoid (Car) content, chlorophyll a/b (Chl a/b) ratio, total nitrogen nutrition (TNN), and total soluble protein (TSP) content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities were assayed. The results indicated that the cultivar × development interaction was significant and that developmental stage was the main factor affecting the parameters studied. Cultivars had a negligible effect on these parameters, which varied with the developmental stages. In the tillering stage, Chl t and Car content, TNN, and POD activity achieved their highest value; in the jointing stage, SOD activity peaked; in the booting stage, Chl a/b ratio, TSP content, and PPO activity showed their highest values. TNN showed a negative correlation with TSP. Compared with those in the jointing, Chl t, Car, TSP, TNN content, Chl a/b ratio, and POD and PPO activities increased in the booting and the tillering stages, whereas SOD activity decreased. The differences in phytochemical constituents and antioxidant enzyme activities in barley grass were mainly correlated with the developmental stages. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the influence of developmental stages of barley grass on its phytochemical profile and antioxidant activities. Our results will help understand the mechanism of action of barley grass and provide theoretical support for the therapeutic application of barley grass.

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