The Proteome Map and PeptideAtlas of a widely cultivated tropical water fish Labeo rohita: A resource for the Aquaculture Community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehar Un Nissa ◽  
Jaipal Reddy ◽  
Arijit Mukherjee ◽  
Nevil Pinto ◽  
Biplab Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
World Population ◽  
Lysine Methylation ◽  
Proteomic Profiling ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
N Terminus ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

Abstract With the global consumption of fish outpacing population growth, aquaculture sector is facing challenges to address the rising demand of food and nutritional security. Integrative omics research provides a strong platform to understand the basic biology and translate this knowledge into sustainable solutions in tackling disease outbreak, increasing productivity thus ensuring food security. To further understand the complex biology of host-pathogen response and support the aquaculture effort, genome and proteome reference maps moving beyond simple sequence information of cultivated fish species will accelerate research and translation of quality products for food industries. Towards this end, we have performed an extensive proteomics-based investigation of Labeo rohita, one of the economically important fish species produced in world aquaculture. Deep proteomic profiling of 17 histologically normal tissues, plasma and embryo provided mass-spectrometric evidence for 6015 high confident canonical proteins at 1% false discovery rate. Tissue enriched expression of several biologically important proteins was validated using targeted proteomics with high quantitative accuracy. We characterised the global post translational modifications (PTMs) in terms of acetylation (n-terminus and lysine), methylation (n-terminus, lysine and arginine) and phosphorylation (serine, threonine and tyrosine) to present a comprehensive proteome resource. An interactive web-based portal was developed to support the Labeo rohita PeptideAtlas, (www.peptideatlas.org), a unique community resource for mass spectrometry-based peptide/protein evidence in fish. This draft proteome map of Labeo rohita would advance basic and applied research in aquaculture to meet the most critical challenge of providing food and nutritional security to an increasing world population.

scholarly journals Pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.): A Crop to Mitigate Food and Nutritional Challenges

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Monir Hosen ◽  
Mohd Y. Rafii ◽  
Norida Mazlan ◽  
Mashitah Jusoh ◽  
Yusuff Oladosu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
World Population ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

The world’s food and agricultural programs have gradually declined into an unsustainable situation due to challenges such as increase in world population, varied agro-climatic regions, increase temperature, extreme sole-culture growing techniques, and water shortage. A considerable emphasis has been put on few staple food crops coupled with repeated dieting, food scarcity, and essential mineral deficits, frequently inducing dietary disorders. Because relying on staple crops may lead to serious food shortages in the future, we must adjust our dietary habits to include a diverse range of non-staple foods and maximize their use in order to achieve food security and reduce the nutritional gap. To assure healthy meals around the world, an authentic and reasonable strategy is presented to draw additional awareness towards variations in agricultural production techniques and dietary preferences. The EAT-Lancet declaration highlighted the importance of increasing agri-based foods to achieve sustainable health. Expanding overlooked crops with abundant genetic stocks and possibly beneficial characteristics is an approach that might meet food and nutritional security challenges. Although undervalued, pumpkin is a valuable vegetable herbaceous plant that contributes to global food and nutritional security. This crop has already been identified as a revolutionary age crop, balanced food, and more adapted to low soil and atmospheric circumstances than other major crops. This review paper focuses on the potential uses of pumpkin as an underutilized crop; diversification and development of hybrids, particularly hybridization breeding through diallel mating design; and how implementation of this “modern” technology would contribute to the breeding of the neglected pumpkin vegetable and stimulate productivity and nourish the world’s largest malnourished, deprived, and starved populations.

scholarly journals The Trilogy of Wild Crops, Traditional Agronomic Practices, and UN-Sustainable Development Goals

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajeet Singh ◽  
Rama Kant Dubey ◽  
Amit Kumar Bundela ◽  
Purushothaman C. Abhilash
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
World Population ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
The World ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

The world population is projected to become 10 billion by the end of this century. This growing population exerts tremendous pressure on our finite food resources. Unfortunately, the lion-share of the global calorie intake is reliant upon a handful of plant species like rice, wheat, maize, soybean and potato. Therefore, it is the need of the hour to expand our dietary reliance to nutritionally rich but neglected, underutilized and yet-to-be-used wild plants. Many wild plants are also having ethnomedicinal and biocultural significance. Owing to their ecosystem plasticity, they are adapted to diverse habitats including marginal, degraded and other disturbed soil systems. Due to these resilient attributes, they can be considered for large-scale cultivation. However, proper biotechnological interventions are important for (i) removing the negative traits (e.g., low yield, slow growth, antinutritional factors, etc.), (ii) improving the positive traits (e.g., nutritional quality, stress tolerance, etc.), as well as (iii) standardizing the mass multiplication and cultivation strategies of such species for various agro-climatic regions. Besides, learning the biocultural knowledge and traditional cultivation practices employed by the local people is also crucial for their exploitation. The Special Issue “Wild Crop Relatives and Associated Biocultural and Traditional Agronomic Practices for Food and Nutritional Security” was intended to showcase the potential wild crop varieties of nutritional significance and associated biocultural knowledge from the diverse agroecological regions of the world and also to formulate suitable policy frameworks for food and nutritional security. The novel recommendations brought by this Special Issue would serve as a stepping stone for utilizing wild and neglected crops as a supplemental food. Nevertheless, long-term cultivation trials under various agro-climatic conditions are utmost important for unlocking the real potential of these species.

Coordinated Rice Improvement Project in India: Its Significant Achievements and Future prospects

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (Special) ◽  
pp. 82-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
LV Subba Rao ◽  
RA Fiyaz ◽  
AK Jukanti ◽  
G Padmavathi ◽  
J Badri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Food Grain ◽  
Rice Improvement ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Sincere Effort

India is the second largest producer of rice in the world and it is the most important staple food grain. All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Project (AICRIP) was initiated with objective of conducting multi-location trials to identify suitable genotypes of high yield potential along with appropriate crop management practices. Since its inception AICRIP contributed significantly in meeting the growing demand both within and outside India. Significant progress has been achieved through AICRIP in terms of varietal release thereby increasing the crop productivity and also meeting the food and nutritional security. This paper makes a sincere effort in bringing out the significant achievements/milestones achieved under the AICRIP program and also gives a few directions for widening the areas under AICRIP.

scholarly journals Mainstreaming Barahnaja cultivation for food and nutritional security in the Himalayan region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavita Gururani ◽  
Salej Sood ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Dinesh C. Joshi ◽  
Dinesh Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Himalayan Region ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

scholarly journals Solanum aethiopicum: The Nutrient-Rich Vegetable Crop with Great Economic, Genetic Biodiversity and Pharmaceutical Potential

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Mei Han ◽  
Kwadwo N. Opoku ◽  
Nana A. B. Bissah ◽  
Tao Su
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Solanum Aethiopicum ◽  
Genetic Biodiversity ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Hidden Hunger ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

Solanum aethiopicum is a very important vegetable for both rural and urban communities in Africa. The crop is rich in both macro- and micronutrients compared with other vegetables and is suitable for ensuring food and nutritional security. It also possesses several medicinal properties and is currently employed in the treatment of high blood pressure, diabetes, cholera, uterine complaints as well as skin infections in humans. The crop is predominantly cultivated by traditional farmers and plays an important role in the subsistence and economy of poor farmers and consumers throughout the developing world. It also holds potential for dietary diversification, greater genetic biodiversity and sustainable production in Africa. Despite the numerous benefits the crop presents, it remains neglected and underutilized due to the world’s over-dependence on a few plant species, as well as the little attention in research and development it has received over the years. This review highlights the importance of S. aethiopicum, its role in crop diversification, reducing hidden hunger, the potential for nutritive and medicinal benefits, agricultural sustainability and future thrusts for breeding and genetic improvement of the plant species.

scholarly journals Food and nutritional security of semi-arid farm families benefiting from rainwater collection equipment in Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. e0234974
Author(s):  
Andhressa Araújo Fagundes ◽  
Tatiana Canuto Silva ◽  
Silvia Maria Voci ◽  
Fernanda dos Santos ◽  
Kiriaque Barra Ferreira Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Farm Families ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Review of congruence between global crop wild relative hotspots and centres of crop origin/diversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Maxted ◽  
Holly Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Crop Domestication ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Adaptive Diversity ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Crop Origin ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Global Datasets ◽  
Original Concept ◽  
Global Food

AbstractCrop wild relatives (CWR) are important sources of adaptive diversity for plant breeding programmes. This paper aims to investigate the extent to which the centres of crop origin/diversity are congruent with areas of high CWR diversity. We established the predicted potential CWR distributions for 1,425 CWR species related to 167 crops using 334,527 known distribution locations and generated a global CWR hotspot map. This was then compared to the centres of origin/diversity proposed by Vavilov (amended by Hawkes); Zeven and Zhukovsky’s mega gene centres, Harlan’s centres and non-centres of crop domestication; and crop domestication areas identified using current archaeological evidence proposed by Purugganan and Fuller. Greatest congruence between the global CWR hotspots and other concepts was found with the concept proposed by Vavilov and amended by Hawkes, but there remained significant differences between the CWR hotspots and Vavilov’s concept. This paper concludes that all four centre concepts reviewed have some overlap with CWR diversity but that Vavilov’s original concept has the closest geographic coincidence with CWR hotspots. With the benefit of significant additional global datasets to those used by Vavilov, we were able to suggest amendments to his concept, adding further centres based on CWR hotspots in west and east USA, West Africa, South-east Brazil and Australia. As a result of this study more precise targeting of CWR and crop landrace can be implemented in future, aiding global food and nutritional security.

Indigenous Knowledge and Consumer’s Perspectives of Stinging Nettle (Urtica Simensis) in the Central and Southeastern Highlands of Oromia Regional States of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tigist Tadesse Shonte ◽  
Kebede W/Tsadik
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Local People ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Stinging Nettle ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Arsi Zone ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Bale Zone

Abstract Background: Wild plants are essential for increased dietary diversity; for food and nutritional security and as herbal remedies. Stinging nettle, Urtica species, is one of the 20 widely consumed wild plants with cultural importance index ranging from 0.5-1.26 CI in different countries. As in previously conducted wild plants ethnobotanical studies in Ethiopia, the present study reported for the first time the indigenous knowledge and consumer’s perspectives of stinging nettle (Urtica simensis) in the central and southeastern highlands of Oromia regional states of Ethiopia.Methods: Data was collected through informed consent semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, key informant discussions, focus group discussions and tour-guided field observation in 13 districts of three zones (Arsi, Bale and North Shewa) of Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. Results: The local people gather, where women carries 69.2% of the responsibilities for collecting and cooking, stinging nettle in winter and spring season almost from everywhere with higher preference for road sides followed by homestead boundaries, waste land, field boundaries and agroforestry in order of importance. The factors limiting harvesting, consumption and marketing of stinging nettles could be ranked as cultural barriers (63.1%) > lack of knowledge (26.9%) > stinginess (10%). According to key informants, the local people who gather and cook stinging nettle are commonly referred as the poor and they call stinging nettle crop as a poor man crop. Interestingly, covering hands with cloths and wearing plastic bags were traditional manipulations practiced by the local community to protect themselves from stinging hairs thereby avoiding stinging sensation and collect the young and tender shoots from the plant. The highest use-value indices of stinging nettle plant was in North Shewa zone (UVc = 0.93), followed by Arsi zone (UVc = 0.9), and Bale zone (UVc = 0.63). Its central role in North Shewa (FL = 51.7%) and Arsi zone (FL = 50 %) is as a source of both food and fodder, where as in Bale zone (FL = 33.3%) is as a source of food only. In the study areas stinging nettle sauce is prepared by boiling young nettle leaves and roasted barley powder and then cooled sauce is served with injera. Conclusions: There exists biological security to livelihood of the people in the study areas by consuming stinging nettle to cope up times of food shortage. This result shed light on further research and a needs to popularize, awareness creation, the potential for domestication, value addition and processing for food and nutritional security and wellbeing of consumers.

​Impact of Cluster Front Line Demonstrations on the Yield and Economics of Chickpea under National Food Security Mission in Bharatpur District of Rajasthan, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Avatar Meena ◽  
J.K. Gupta ◽  
R.K. Dular ◽  
B.K. Bhinchhar ◽  
R.K. Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Yield ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Farming Community ◽  
Leguminous Crop ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Improved Technology ◽  
Extension Gap ◽  
National Food Security

Background: Chickpea is an important legume crop that plays an important role in the food and nutritional security of people in the developing countries and contributing to protein intake. It is a soil building crop and being a leguminous crop, it fixes atmospheric nitrogen through symbiotic fixation, there by helps in N cycling within the ecosystem. Methods: Cluster front line demonstrations of chickpea were conducted by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kumher, Bharatpur (Rajasthan) during Rabi season from 2016-17 to 2019-20. A total 350 front line demonstrations were conducted on chickpea in 140 ha area by the active participation of the farmers with the objective of improved technologies of chickpea production potentials. Result: The results of the demonstrations observed that on an average yield of chickpea under improved technology ranged from 11.83 to 17.52 q/ha with a mean of 14.47 q/ha; which was 20.95 per cent more yield as compared to farmer’s practices (11.97 q/ha). Moreover, average yield was also recorded higher under demonstration (14.47 q/ha) over district (8.17 q/ha) and State (10.74 q/ha) average. The study exhibited mean extension gap of 250.75 Kg/ha, mean technology gap of 627.75 kg/ha with mean technology index of 29.71 per cent. Higher mean net return of Rs. 46618/ha with mean B: C ratio of 3.10 was obtained with improved technologies in comparison to farmers’ practices (Rs. 36737/ha). The present study resulted to convincing the farming community for higher productivity and returns.

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