scholarly journals Vitamin C protects porcine oocytes from microcystin-LR toxicity during maturation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Changyin Zhou ◽  
Weijian Li ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Wangjun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Actin Polymerization ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Oocyte Meiosis ◽  
First Polar Body ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is the most toxic cyanotoxin found in water bodies. Microcystins are produced as secondary products of cyanobacteria metabolism. They have a stable structure, and can bioaccumulate in living organisms. Humans and livestock who drink fresh water containing MC-LR can be poisoned. However, few studies have reported the effects of MC-LR exposure on livestock or human reproduction.Results: We used porcine oocytes as the model to explore the effects of MC-LR on oocyte maturation, and studied the impact of vitamin C (VC) administration on MC-LR‐induced meiosis defects. Exposure to MC-LR significantly restricted cumulus cell expansion and decreased first polar body extrusion. Further studies showed that MC-LR exposure led to meiosis arrest by disturbing cytoskeleton dynamics with MC-LR exposed oocytes displaying aberrant spindle organization, low levels of acetylate α‐tubulin, and disturbed actin polymerization. Additionally, MC-LR exposure impaired cytoplasmic maturation by disturbing mitochondria distribution. Moreover, MC-LR also produced abnormal epigenetic modifications, and induced high levels of oxidative stress and DNA damage. The administration of VC provided partial protection from all of the defects observed in oocytes exposed to MC-LR. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that MC-LR has a toxic effect on oocyte meiosis through the generation of excessive ROS levels and DNA damage. Supplementation of VC was able to protect against MC-LR-induced oocyte damage and represents a potential therapeutic strategy to improve the quality of MC-LR-exposed oocytes.

scholarly journals Bushen Tiaojing (II and III) Decoctions Activate MAPK14 and MAPK3/1 to Promote the Expression of Cumulus Expansion-Related Factors in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Xiao Liang ◽  
Xue Tong ◽  
Hui-lan Du ◽  
Ming He ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cumulus Expansion ◽  
Sequential Administration ◽  
First Polar Body

Background. Bushen Tiaojing Decoctions (BSTJ-II-D and BSTJ-III-D) are used to assist pregnancy in clinical practice. In this study, we explored the ability of sequential administration of BSTJ-II-D and BSTJ-III-D to promote cumulus cell (CC) expansion and its underlying mechanisms in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) mice. Methods. Kunming mice were randomly divided into three groups. The normal group was injected intraperitoneally with saline, and distilled water was administered orally by gavage. As the COH model, mice were injected with GnRHa, eCG, and hCG. Subsequently, the BSTJD group received BSTJ-II-D and BSTJ-III-D orally by gavage, while the control group received distilled water. We evaluated CC expansion and oocyte first polar body (PB1) extrusion under a stereomicroscope. Serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were detected by radioimmunoassay. The expression of the CC expansion-related factors PTX3 and PTGS2 was detected by immunofluorescence, western blot, and quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction analyses (qRT-PCR). Expression of p-MAPK14, p-MAPK3/1, MAPK14, and MAPK3/1 was detected by western blot analysis. Results. Sequential administration of BSTJ-II-D and BSTJ-III-D promoted cumulus expansion and oocyte PB1 extrusion and upregulated PTX3 and PTGS2 expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, the levels of p-MAPK14/MAPK14, p-MAPK3/1/MAPK3/1 proteins, and serum FSH in the BSTJD group were higher than those in the normal and control groups. Conclusions. Sequential administration of BSTJ-II-D and BSTJ-III-D promotes cumulus expansion and oocyte maturation in COH mice by increasing FSH expression and activating the MAPK14 and MAPK3/1 signalling pathways, thereby increasing expression of PTX3 and PTGS2.

249 INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION OF ELAND (TAUROTRAGUS ORYX) AND BONGO (TRAGELAPHUS EURYCERUS)ANTELOPE OOCYTES

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wirtu ◽  
C. E. Pope ◽  
M. C. Gomez ◽  
A. Cole ◽  
D. L. Paccamonti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Calcium Ionophore ◽  
Male Gamete ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technique ◽  
First Polar Body

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an assisted reproductive technique applicable in cases of limited male gamete availability. Moreover, it bypasses barriers of the oocyte, thus avoiding poorly understood species-specific capacitation events affecting sperm–egg interaction. In the present study, we evaluated the application of conventional and piezo drill-assisted ICSI and whether subsequent chemical activation is required for initiating embryonic development in eland (Taurotragus oryx) and bongo (Tragelaphus eurycerus) oocytes. Oocytes were collected using transvaginal ultrasound-guided follicular aspiration after gonadotropin-induced ovarian stimulation and incubated in modified TCM-199 medium (Gomez et al. 2000 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 12, 423) containing 10% FBS. After 3 to 24 h, the cumulus cell layers were removed either by repeated mouth-pipetting and/or by using hyaluronidase. Oocytes with an extruded first polar body were used for ICSI and the other oocytes were returned to culture and evaluated every six hours Piezo drill-assisted (Kimura and Yanagimachi 1995 Biol. Reprod. 52, 709) or conventional (Gomez et al.) ICSI were done as described previously using glass pipettes with internal tip diameters of 9–10 µm. We used frozen–thawed or freshly collected spermatozoa that were kept in HEPES-buffered Tyrode's medium (Gomez et al.) for up to 24 h. Four to 6 h after ICSI, 3 activation treatments were examined: (1) none; (2) 7% ethanol, 5 min; or (3) calcium ionophore (5 µM, 5 min) followed by DMAP (2 mM, 4 h). Then we cultured oocytes in a humidified atmosphere of 5% O2, 5% CO2, and 90% N2 at 38.5°C in one of 3 media: SOF, α-MEM, or CR1aa containing essential and nonessential amino acids and FBS. Fifty-three of 70 (76%) eland oocytes survived after piezo-ICSI, and 13 of 16 (81%) survived after conventional ICSI. For bongo oocytes, 27 of 30 (90%) survived piezo-ICSI and all (n = 8) survived after conventional ICSI. Table 1 outlines cleavage data on Day 2. Generally, embryonic development was arrested at about 10 cells. In summary, eland and bongo oocytes can survive both conventional and piezo drill-assisted ICSI. Activation treatments do not appear to be a prerequisite for initiating cleavage after ICSI in eland and bongo antelope oocytes. Table 1.Cleavage of eland and bongo antelope oocytes after conventional or piezo-ICSI and three activation treatments

scholarly journals In vitro maturation of domestic cat oocytes subjected to different incubation times

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e15710313074
Author(s):  
Denilsa Pires Fernandes ◽  
Fernanda Araujo dos Santos ◽  
Luã Barbalho de Macêdo ◽  
Roberta Gonçalves Izzo ◽  
Brenna de Sousa Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Cell Expansion ◽  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
First Polar Body ◽  
The Ideal

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different incubation times on in vitro maturation of domestic cat oocytes. Thus, ovaries (n = 42) were submitted to slicing procedure and the oocytes recovered were classified; only good quality oocytes (Grade I and II) underwent in vitro maturation for three different periods (24 vs. 30 vs. 36 h) in supplemented TCM-99 medium. After, oocytes were evaluated for cumulus cell expansion and presence of the first polar body. After six replicates (7 ± 1,7 ovaries per replicate), a total of 334 viable oocytes were recovered. Differences (p <0.05) were observed regarding the percentage of oocytes presenting expansion of the cumulus cells, where higher values were observed in the group of oocytes incubated for 36 h (84.3%), when compared to 30 (73.4%) and 24 h (71.0%). Moreover, differences were also observed regarding the presence of the first polar body (24 h: 29.7%; 30 h: 58.2%; 36 h: 69.8%). We conclude that the incubation period influenced the maturation rates, indicating 36 h as the ideal period for the in vitro maturation of domestic cat oocytes in supplemented TCM-199 medium.

scholarly journals The Number of LH Receptor could Predict the Success of Oocyte Maturity in the Process of In Vitro Maturation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adek Amansyah
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Oocyte Maturity ◽  
Lh Receptor ◽  
First Polar Body ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the number of LH receptor and the success of oocyte maturity in the process of in vitro maturation (IVM). Method: This experimental study was conducted in the Permata Hati Infertility Clinical Laboratory, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, with the samples of 300 oocytes obtained through collecting immature cow’s oocytes from the abattoir and grouped the oocytes into 3 (three) groups based on the pattern of oocyte cumulus cells on the vesicle germinal stage 2 - 8 mm with three layers of cumulus cell. The sample of the cumulus cells from these three groups were taken and the LH receptor examination was done with immunohistochemistry. After that, the IVM process was performed to the three groups and its development for 24 hours was evaluated. Its maturation quality was evaluated with the emergence of the first polar body (1PB) and compared to the other groups and related to the number of LH receptor in the three groups. Result: The result of this study indicated that the oocyte cumulus cells showed a difference of function during IVM process. The maturity rate in this study showed that the number of LH receptor was related to the morphological pattern of oocyte cumulus cells with oocyte maturity. The maturity of the cumulus cells which 100% covered the oocyte was higher than that of the cumulus cells which > 50% and < 30% covered the oocytes, namely, 74% compared to 60% and 12%. The result of this study also showed that the average number of LH receptors in the three groups (A, B, and C) was 183.4, 78.8, and 24.0 respectively. A significant difference was found in the three groups (p < 0.0001). When related to IVM maturity, this difference showed that the bigger number of oocyte cumulus cells influenced the oocyte maturity. Conclusion: The number of LH receptor can be used as a prediction to determine the success of oocyte maturation in the process of in vitro maturation. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 1-4:183-7] Keywords: IVM, LH receptor, oocyte cumulus cell

177 Increasing in vitro embryonic development through improved oocyte maturation in cattle oocytes

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
J. Keim ◽  
Y. Liu ◽  
I. Polejaeva
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Maturation Medium ◽  
First Polar Body ◽  
Blastocyst Rate

In vitro maturation (IVM) is an important process in the in vitro production of embryos. It has been recently shown that 3 cytokines: fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) have increased the efficiency of IVM, blastocyst production, and in vivo development in pig (Yuan et al. 2017 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 114, E5796-E5804). In vitro maturation in medium supplemented with cytokines doubled the blastocyst rate and quadrupled the litter size when transferred. It was observed that the addition of cytokines to IVM medium had an effect on the regulation of pMAPK1/3, cumulus cell expansion, and transzonal projections in cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC). This study was designed to assess the effect of these 3 cytokines on IVM in bovine oocytes and their consecutive development to blastocyst. Intracellular glutathione level (GSH), frequently used as an indicator of metaphase II (MII) oocyte quality, was also evaluated. The COC were retrieved from abattoir-derived ovaries and matured for 21h in either our standard maturation medium [TCM-199 (Gibco/Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY, USA), containing 10% fetal bovine serum, 0.5µg mL−1 FSH, 5µg mL−1 LH, and 100U mL−1 penicillin/streptomycin] or maturation medium supplemented with 20ng mL−1 human LIF, 20ng mL−1 human IGF1, and 40ng mL−1 human FGF2. After IVM, COC were placed in fertilization medium and incubated with frozen-thawed sperm for 20h. Cumulus cells were removed from fertilized COC and cultured in SOF culture medium at 38.5°C in 5% CO2/humidified air. Cleavage and blastocyst rates were assessed at 48h and Day 8 post-IVF, respectively. To assess GSH level, MII oocytes were incubated in 20 µM CellTracker Blue CMF2HC (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and observed under blue fluorescent light. All statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and data are presented as mean±s.e.m. The MII rate, assessed by the presence of the first polar body, was significantly higher in the maturation medium supplemented with cytokines compared with the control medium (167/202; 82.4±2.02% v. 136/198; 68.8±1.1%; P&lt;0.05, 4 replicates). For IVF, no statistical difference was found in the cleavage rate between oocytes matured in the medium supplemented with cytokines compared with control medium (351/473; 74.3±4.86% v. 358/573; 63.9±4.03%; P&gt;0.05, 5 replicates), respectively. However, a significant increase in blastocyst rate was observed in the cytokine-containing medium (64/351; 17.7±2.06%) compared with the control group (42/358; 11.0±1.96%; P&lt;0.05, 5 replicates). Furthermore, our preliminary data indicate an increase in GSH in MII oocytes matured in the cytokine-containing medium. In conclusion, the addition of FGF2, LIF, and IGF1 to maturation media improves bovine IVM efficiency and quality of the MII oocytes, leading to a greater blastocyst development rate. Supported by RFBR (18-29-07089) and UAES (1343).

Cyclic nucleotides regulate oocyte meiotic maturation and quality in mammals

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Anumegha Gupta ◽  
Meenakshi Tiwari ◽  
Alka Sharma ◽  
Ashutosh N. Pandey ◽  
Pramod K. Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Cyclic Nucleotides ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Oocyte Meiosis ◽  
First Polar Body ◽  
High Level

Oocyte meiosis is a prolong series of events that are comprised several intermittent channels in mammals. Oocyte meiosis starts during fetal life and then gets arrested at diplotene stage of first meiotic prophase in follicular oocyte. The continuous transfer of cyclic adenosine 3’, 5’-monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine 3’, 5’-monophosphate (cGMP) from encircling granulosa cells to the oocyte through gap junctions helps in the maintenance of their high level required to achieve the long-lasting diplotene arrest so-called germinal vesicle stage. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors have been used to elevate intracellular level of both cyclic nucleotides and prevent spontaneous resumption of meiosis in oocytes under in vitro culture conditions. On the other hand, disruption of gap junction either by pituitary gonadotropin or by physical removal of encircling granulosa cells interrupts transfer of these nucleotides to the oocyte. As a result, intraoocyte cAMP as well as cGMP levels are decreased drastically that initiate downstream pathways to destabilize maturation-promoting factor (MPF). The destabilized MPF initiates meiotic resumption from diplotene arrest in mammalian oocytes. Oocyte meiosis further progresses from metaphase I to metaphase II stage and extrudes first polar body to get converted into haploid female gamete at the time of ovulation. Indeed, high level of cAMP as well as cGMP levels maintains diplotene arrest for a long time in follicular oocytes. On the other hand, transient decrease of their levels drives resumption from diplotene arrest, thereby meiotic maturation process, which enables oocyte to achieve developmental competency. Any defect in this process directly affects oocyte quality and thereby reproductive outcome in mammals including human.

Co-culture embedded in cumulus clumps promotes maturation of denuded oocytes and reconstructs gap junctions between oocytes and cumulus cells

Zygote ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guixue Feng ◽  
Deshun Shi ◽  
Shufang Yang ◽  
Xiaoli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Lucifer Yellow ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Polar Body ◽  
Cytoplasmic Maturation

SummaryThe present study was undertaken to establish an effective method for in vitro maturation (IVM) of denuded oocytes (DOs) by simulating the ovarian three-dimensional status in vivo using buffalo ovarian tissues or cumulus cells, so as to provide a model for investigating the mechanisms of oocyte maturation. Buffalo cumulus–oocyte complexes from ovaries taken at slaughter were denuded by pipetting, and then allocated randomly into four groups for IVM by direct culture in maturation medium (M1, control group), co-culture with a monolayer of cumulus cells (M2), embedded in cumulus cell clumps (M3) and ovarian tissue (M4) for 24 h. The nuclear maturation of DOs was assessed by the extrusion of the first polar body and the cytoplasmic maturation was evaluated by subsequently developmental capacity after parthenogenetic activation. More DOs matured to MII (56.89%) and developed to blastocysts (25.75%) when they were matured in vitro with M3 in comparison with DOs matured in vitro with M1 (45.14 and 15.97%) and M4 (40.48 and 13.49%). Further detection of gap junctions by injecting Lucifer yellow directly into cytoplasm of matured DOs with adherent cumulus cells and scanning with confocal microscope showed that Lucifer yellow were found in nine out of 11 the adherent cumulus cells in M3, indicating that the gap junctions between oocytes and cumulus cells was reconstructed in vitro. These results indicate that co-culture of DOs embedded in cumulus cell clumps can improve their nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of DOs, possibly through the reconstruction of gap junctions in vitro.

Doxorubicin Exposure Affects Oocyte Meiotic Maturation through DNA Damage-Induced Meiotic Arrest

2019 ◽  
Vol 171 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Ming Ding ◽  
Shou-Xin Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Fei Jiao ◽  
Li-Ping Hua ◽  
Muhammad Jamil Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Antitumor Antibiotic ◽  
Meiotic Arrest ◽  
First Polar Body ◽  
Female Cancer Patients ◽  
Oocyte Meiotic Maturation

Abstract Developments in chemotherapeutics have enhanced the survival rate of cancer patients, however, adverse effects of chemotherapeutics on ovarian functions causes the fertility loss in young female cancer patients. Doxorubicin (DOX), as an anthracycline antitumor antibiotic, is extensively used to cure various malignancies. Recent studies have suggested that DOX can cause ovarian damage and affect the oocyte maturation, nevertheless the mechanism by which DOX on oocytes meiosis is poorly understood. In this study, we explored the mechanism for DOX-induced oocytes meiotic failure in vitro at human relevant exposure levels and time periods. Results described that DOX (100 nM) can interrupt the mouse oocytes meiotic maturation directly with reduced first polar body extrusion. Cell cycle analysis showed that most oocytes were arrested at metaphase I (MI) stage. However, DOX treatment had no effect on spindle structure but chromosomal misalignment. We observed that kinetochore-microtubule structure was affected and the spindle assemble checkpoint was provoked after DOX treatment. Moreover, severe DNA damage was found in DOX-treated oocytes indicated by the positive γ-H2A.X foci signal, which then may trigger oocytes early apoptosis. Besides, metaphase II oocytes with disorganized spindle morphologies and misaligned chromosomes were observed after DOX treatment. In conclusion, DOX have the potential to disrupt oocyte meiotic maturation through DNA damage induced meiotic arrest mediated by spindle assemble checkpoint activation. These findings can contribute to design the new therapies to alleviate DNA damage to preserve fertility for young female cancer patients with chemotherapeutics.

scholarly journals Translocation of phospho-protein kinase Cs implies their roles in meiotic-spindle organization, polar-body emission and nuclear activity in mouse eggs

Reproduction ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Yu Zheng ◽  
Qing-Zhang Li ◽  
Da-Yuan Chen ◽  
Heide Schatten ◽  
Qing-Yuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
Mouse Oocyte ◽  
Meiotic Spindle ◽  
Germinal Vesicle Breakdown ◽  
Nuclear Activity ◽  
Spindle Poles ◽  
Oocyte Meiosis ◽  
First Polar Body

The protein kinase Cs (PKCs) are a family of Ser/Thr protein kinases categorized into three subfamilies: classical, novel, and atypical. The phosphorylation of PKC in germ cells is not well defined. In this study, we described the subcellular localization of phopho-PKC in the process of mouse oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early embryonic mitosis. Confocal microscopy revealed that phospho-PKC (pan) was distributed abundantly in the nucleus at the germinal vesicle stage. After germinal vesicle breakdown, phospho-PKC was localized in the vicinity of the condensed chromosomes, distributed in the whole meiotic spindle, and concentrated at the spindle poles. After metaphase I, phospho-PKC was translocated gradually to the spindle mid-zone during emission of the first polar body. After sperm penetration and electrical activation, the distribution of phospho-PKC was moved from the spindle poles to the spindle mid-zone. After the extrusion of the second polar body (PB2) phospho-PKC was localized in the area between the oocyte and the PB2. In fertilized eggs, phospho-PKC was concentrated in the pronuclei except for the nucleolus. Phospho-PKC was dispersed after pronuclear envelope breakdown, but distributed on the entire spindle at mitotic metaphase. The results suggest that PKC activation may play important roles in regulating spindle organization and stabilization, polar-body extrusion, and nuclear activity during mouse oocyte meiosis, fertilization, and early embryonic mitosis.

scholarly journals SIRT6 Maintains Redox Homeostasis to Promote Porcine Oocyte Maturation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Li ◽  
Yilong Miao ◽  
Jingyue Chen ◽  
Bo Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Genome Stability ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Telomere Maintenance ◽  
Actin Dynamics ◽  
Cortical Granules ◽  
Oocyte Meiosis ◽  
Porcine Oocyte ◽  
Polar Body Extrusion

SIRT6, the sixth member of the sirtuin family proteins, has been characterized as a crucial regulator in multiple molecular pathways related to aging, including genome stability, DNA damage repair, telomere maintenance, and inflammation. However, the exact roles of SIRT6 during female germ cell development have not yet been fully determined. Here, we assessed the acquisition of meiotic competency of porcine oocytes by inhibition of SIRT6 activity. We observed that SIRT6 inhibition led to the oocyte meiotic defects by showing the impairment of polar body extrusion and cumulus cell expansion. Meanwhile, the compromised spindle/chromosome structure and actin dynamics were also present in SIRT6-inhibited oocytes. Moreover, SIRT6 inhibition resulted in the defective cytoplasmic maturation by displaying the disturbed distribution dynamics of cortical granules and their content ovastacin. Notably, we identified that transcript levels of genes related to oocyte meiosis, oxidative phosphorylation, and cellular senescence were remarkably altered in SIRT6-inhibited oocytes by transcriptome analysis and validated that the meiotic defects caused by SIRT6 inhibition might result from the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced early apoptosis in oocytes. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that SIRT6 promotes the porcine oocyte meiotic maturation through maintaining the redox homeostasis.

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