scholarly journals Field Measurement and Numerical Simulation of the Relationship Between Vertical Wind Environment and Building Morphology in Residential Areas in Xi’an, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Feng ◽  
Meng Zhen ◽  
Wei Ding ◽  
Qishu Zou
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Vertical Wind ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Building Height ◽  
Ventilation Efficiency ◽  
Morphological Index ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The inadequate consideration of the impact of building morphology on ventilation efficiency in many urban residential areas has resulted in a series of environmental problems that threaten human health. The purpose of this paper is to establish a prediction model between ventilation efficiency and building forms in residential areas. Firstly, the characteristics of vertical wind profile in residential areas are measured through unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV); secondly, the wind speed ratio (WSR) at different height levels under the impact of morphological index (floor area ratio, building density, average building height, enclosure degree, height fall and maximum building height) in the residential area is simulated by ENVI-met; finally, two kinds of prediction formulas are obtained: (1) the average ventilation efficiency at the pedestrian level and (2) the prediction formula of WSR at different heights. The results show that the wind speed (WS) in residential area below 35 m is about 0.6 m/s lower than that in park. The results of numerical simulation show that the mean WSR at the pedestrian level is negatively correlated with each index and the height fall morphological index has the greatest impact on the WSR at different heights. The research can provide a reference for the optimal planning and design of ventilation efficiency of residential buildings, especially those in static wind areas.

scholarly journals Impact of Urban Morphology and Climate on Heating Energy Consumption of Buildings in Severe Cold Regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8354
Author(s):  
Shiyi Song ◽  
Hong Leng ◽  
Han Xu ◽  
Ran Guo ◽  
Yan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Shape Factor ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Building Height ◽  
Heating Energy Consumption ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to acquire a better understanding of the quantitative relationship between environmental impact factors and heating energy consumption of buildings in severe cold regions. We analyze the effects of five urban morphological parameters (building density, aspect ratio, building height, floor area ratio, and shape factor) and three climatic parameters (temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity) on the heating energy use intensity (EUI) of commercial and residential buildings in a severe cold region. We develop regression models using empirical data to quantitatively evaluate the impact of each parameter. A stepwise approach is used to ensure that all the independent variables are significant and to eliminate the effects of multicollinearity. Finally, a spatial cluster analysis is performed to identify the distribution characteristics of heating EUI. The results indicate that the building height, shape factor, temperature, and wind speed have a significant impact on heating EUI, and their effects vary with the type of building. The cluster analysis indicated that the areas in the north, east, and along the river exhibited high heating EUI. The findings obtained herein can be used to evaluate building energy efficiency for urban planners and heating companies and departments based on the surrounding environmental conditions.

The Green Building Environment of the Gymnasium

2018 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 202-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Qian ◽  
Li Yang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Outdoor Environments ◽  
Area Planning

The natural ventilation of residential areas has placed more and more emphasis on residential area planning, according to the relationship between natural ventilation environments and the layout of architecture, we can reduce the energy consumption and the adverse effect of wind outdoors, improve the living environment and quality of life, making harmony between human and the nature. In this paper, we use Air-Pak to simulate the wind environment of residential areas. Through analyzing and simulating the air field which forms when the wind blows around the residential buildings by Air-Pak, we explain the advantage of the combination of computer simulation software and residential area planning. And we give some advice to the layout of the outdoor environment early in the residential planning area by the simulation of outdoor environments of buildings.

scholarly journals Architecture of residential environment in the settlements along the Chinese Eastern Railway

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-48
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Glatolenkova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Residential Environment ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Southern Branch ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

This article examines the peculiarities of formation of residential areas along the Chinese Eastern Railway (CER); analyzes the pattern of settlements; and examines the architectural nuances of residential buildings. The object of this research is the architectural urban development peculiarities of Russian railroad stations on the territory of Northern Manchuria. The subject of this research is the residential environment in the settlements along the Chinese Eastern Railway. The chronological framework covers the first three decades of the XX century: beginning of construction and first years of exploitation of the railway, characterized by active urban development process and creation of full-fledged environment for accommodation of construction workers, railway workers, migrants from Russia, Southern Manchuria and mainland China. The theoretical foundation for this study consists in the systemic-axiological approach, according to which the culture defines the system of materialistic and spiritual values passed from one generation to another, and allows determining the value grounds of cultural interaction and its panhuman significance. The work explores the peculiarities of architecture and urban development in the settlements along CER. Study is carried out on the construction process of the railway and living conditions of first workers, approaches towards design of the stations of the main line and the southern branch, as well as architecture of residential building of the settlements. The author considers the impact of Russian environment upon the existing Chinese cities, and the use of the traditional Chinese approaches in the projects by the Russian engineers and architects.

scholarly journals The Ventilation Efficiency of Urban Built Intensity and Ventilation Path Identification: A Case Study of Wuhan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11684
Author(s):  
Jie Yin ◽  
Qingming Zhan ◽  
Muhammad Tayyab ◽  
Aqeela Zahra
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Building Density ◽  
Building Height ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Intensity Index ◽  
Floor Area Ratio ◽  
Ventilation Efficiency

Urban ventilation is being hampered by rough surfaces in dense urban areas, and the microclimate and air quality of the urban built environment are not ideal. Identifying urban ventilation paths is helpful to save energy, reduce emissions, and improve the urban ecological environment. Wuhan is the capital city of Hubei, and it has a high urban built intensity and hot summers. Taking Wuhan city, with a size of 35 km ×50 km, as an example, the built environment was divided into grids of 100 m × 100 m and included the building density, floor area ratio, and average building height. The ventilation mechanism of the urban built intensity index has previously been explained. The decrease in building density is not the sole factor causing an increase in wind speed; the enclosure and width of the ventilation path and the height of the front building are also influential. Twelve urban built units were selected for CFD numerical simulation. The ventilation efficiency of each grid was evaluated by calculating the wind speed ratio, maximum wind speed, average wind speed, and area ratio of strong wind. The relationship between the urban built intensity index and ventilation efficiency index was established using the factor analysis method and the Pearson correlation coefficient; building density and average building height are the most critical indexes of ventilation potential. In addition, the layout of the building also has an important impact on ventilation. A suitable built environment is that in which the building density is less than 30%, the average building height is greater than 15 m, and the floor area ratio is greater than 1.5. The urban built intensity map was weighted to identify urban ventilation paths. The paper provides a quantitative reference for scientific planning and design of the urban spatial form to improve ventilation.

scholarly journals Collective space on residential as a resilience measure to disaster mitigation earthquakes and liquefaction

2022 ◽  
Vol 1212 (1) ◽  
pp. 012003
Author(s):  
A Mulyati ◽  
M Najib ◽  
A M Y Astha
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Environmental Infrastructure

Abstract Disasters have just hit Palu, Sigi, and Donggala, resulting in the fall of so many victims, not only humans but also city and village physicals (residential buildings, facilities, and infrastructure). Several villages hit by the disaster were hamlet 3 Vou, Langaleso village, Dolo sub-district, Jono Oge village, Biromaru sub-district, and Sigi district. The village’s condition was damaged, but most of the buildings and plants were lost to the mud. Settlement neighborhoods that should be full of activity are nowhere to be seen, and people become apathetic. They just accept this situation and are always waiting for help. Huntara, a form of assistance provided by funders, temporarily occupy the settlers’ land because the condition of the land or land needs to be cleared for the rebuilding process. The provision of inclusive spaces is one of the efforts to mitigate disasters in residential areas, namely public spaces that can be used by all settlers. These spaces must be safe and provide comfort, easy to reach, and become part of the residential environment. Village arrangement is one way that can be done to minimize the impact of a disaster. Arrangement of buildings, facilities, and environmental infrastructure are necessary not to create chaos in development. Also, aspects of environmentally friendly residential (village) spatial patterns, structural systems, and building construction that meet the requirements (SNI), the application of local and humane wisdom are no less important to consider in the process of procuring inclusive spaces in settlements, structuring villages, especially after a disaster.

scholarly journals The Impact of High-Rise Buildings on the Living Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 01045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Botir Giyasov ◽  
Irina Giyasova
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
Big Cities ◽  
The Impact

Urbanization as a socio-economic process manifested in the concentration of the population in modern big cities contributes to the development of high-rise building construction. With the development of education and culture, changing leisure habits, city residents put forward new architectural and functional requirements to the living environment and urban infrastructure. This calls for the creation of new types and forms of residential buildings, the structure of the city and transport networks. In addition, the need to develop high-rise building construction is justified by the growing demand for residential, public and administrative buildings and the lack of free space.The paper analyzes the development of high-rise building construction in urban areas. The problem of the impact of high-rise building construction in big cities on the living environment is considered. Using analytical methods, causes and sources of pollution, such as transport and engineering infrastructure have been identified. In some urban areas, there are zones with modified thermal conditions and air exchange resulting in the formation of the “urban heat island”The qualitative and quantitative characteristics of variations in temperature and wind speed with respect to the height of the building have been calculated, using the example of the Evolution Tower of the Moscow International Business Center (“Moscow City”). Calculation and comparative analysis for the cities of Moscow, Khanty-Mansiysk and Vladivostok has made it possible to assess the variation in temperature and wind speed and their impact on the living environment under different climatic conditions.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE HABITABILITY OF PELAMBUAN RESIDENTIAL AREA, WEST BANJARMASIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-601
Author(s):  
Erika Zeannyta ◽  
Aqli Mursadin
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Privately Owned

One of the residential areas that have a densely populated settlement is Pelambuan Village, West Banjarmasin. Pelambuan Village is a slum area with medium and low categories. Rapid population growth also affects the growth of illegal residential buildings on land that is not privately owned. From several settlement conditions formed in Pelambuan Village, it is necessary to analyze residential buildings and settlement areas formed based on three physical aspects: building, environmental, and legal aspects. This study aimed to determine the factors that affect habitability and degradation of environmental quality and perform analysis to determine a treatment plan that needs to be taken for occupancy and problematic areas occupancy can meet the requirements habitability. Analysis and distribution of questionnaires provided several factors that affect the decline in the quality of habitability of buildings and residential areas. From the building aspect, it was found that what caused the residential building to be declared quite feasible with repairs was the condition of the building, which was quite good. However, it needed repairs to several building components, and on the environmental aspect, the factors that made the Pelambuan residential area decreased in quality were the irregularity of the building and inadequate infrastructure. In legality, the problem factor is buildings that stand illegally on the company and government land. Research results are given based on aspects that include, for the building aspect is the addition, repair, and change of the appearance of the building. It is planned to repair, procure, and replace parts of roads in the environmental aspect. It is planned to tighten supervision on licensing and supervision of building construction.

Energy Consumption Pattern of Residential Buildings: Case Study of Residential Area in Batu Pahat, Johor

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaidah Jailani ◽  
◽  
Norsyalifa Mohamad ◽  
Muhammad Amirul Omar ◽  
Hauashdh Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Waste Energy ◽  
Main Factor ◽  
Energy Consumption Pattern

According to the National Energy Balance report released by the Energy Commission of Malaysia in 2016, the residential sector uses 21.6% of the total energy in Malaysia. Residents waste energy through inefficient energy consumption and a lack of awareness. Building occupants are considered the main factor that influences energy consumption in buildings, and to change energy consumption on an overall scale, it is crucial to change individual behaviour. Therefore, this study focused on analysing the energy consumption pattern and the behaviour of consumers towards energy consumption in their homes in the residential area of Batu Pahat, Johor. A self-administrated questionnaire approach was employed in this study. The findings of this study showed that the excessive use of air conditioners was a significant factor in the increasing electricity bills of homeowners as well as the inefficient use of electrical appliances. Also, this study determined the effect of awareness on consumer behaviour. This study recommends ways to help minimise energy consumption in the residential area.

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