scholarly journals Comparison of QSOFA and SIRS Scores for the Prediction of Adverse Outcomes of Secondary Peritonitis in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Uganda: a Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Nkonge ◽  
Olivia Kituuka ◽  
William Ocen
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Secondary Peritonitis ◽  
Mulago Hospital ◽  
Prolonged Hospital Stay ◽  
Prolonged Hospital

Abstract Background: SIRS and qSOFA are two ancillary scoring tools that have been used globally, inside and outside of ICU to predict adverse outcomes of infections such as secondary peritonitis. Mulago hospital uses SIRS outside the ICU to identify patients with secondary peritonitis, who are at risk of adverse outcomes. However it’s associated with delays in decision making given its partial reliance on laboratory parameters. In response to the practical limitations of SIRS, the sepsis-3 task force recommends qSOFA as a better tool, however its performance in patients with secondary peritonitis in comparison to that of SIRS has not been evaluated in Mulago hospital, Uganda.Objective: To compare the performance of qSOFA and SIRS scores in predicting adverse outcomes of secondary peritonitis in Mulago hospital, Uganda.Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of patients with clinically confirmed secondary peritonitis, from March 2018 to January 2019 at the A&E, Mulago hospital. QSOFA and SIRS scores were generated for each of the patient, with a score of ≥ 2 recorded as high risk, while a score of ≤ 2 recorded as low risk for the adverse outcome respectively. After surgery, patients were followed up until discharge or death. In-hospital mortality and prolonged hospital stay were the primary and secondary adverse outcomes, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy at 95% confidence interval were calculated for each of the scores using STATA v.13Results: A total of 153 patients were enrolled. Of these, 151(M: F, 2.4:1) completed follow up and were analysed, 2 were excluded. Mortality rate was 11.9%. Fourty (26.5%) patients had a prolonged hospital stay. QSOFA predicted in-hospital mortality with AUROC of 0.52 versus 0.62, for SIRS. Similarly, qSOFA predicted prolonged hospital stay with AUROC of 0.54 versus 0.57, for SIRS.Conclusion: SIRS is superior to qSOFA in predicting both mortality and prolonged hospital stay among patients with secondary peritonitis. However, overall, both scores showed a poor discrimination for both adverse outcomes and therefore not ideal tools.

scholarly journals Comparison of QSOFA and sirs scores for the prediction of adverse outcomes of secondary peritonitis among patients admitted on the adult surgical ward in a tertiary teaching hospital in Uganda: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Nkonge ◽  
Olivia Kituuka ◽  
William Ocen ◽  
Herbert Ariaka ◽  
Alfred Ogwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Secondary Peritonitis ◽  
Prolonged Hospital Stay ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Tertiary Teaching Hospital ◽  
Prolonged Hospital

Abstract Background SIRS and qSOFA are two ancillary scoring tools that have been used globally, inside and outside of ICU to predict adverse outcomes of infections such as secondary peritonitis. A tertiary teaching hospital in Uganda uses SIRS outside the ICU to identify patients with secondary peritonitis, who are at risk of adverse outcomes. However, there are associated delays in decision making given SIRS partial reliance on laboratory parameters which are often not quickly available in a resource limited emergency setting. In response to the practical limitations of SIRS, the sepsis-3 task force recommends qSOFA as a better tool. However, its performance in patients with secondary peritonitis in comparison to that of SIRS has not been evaluated in a resource limited setting of a tertiary teaching hospital in a low and middle income country like Uganda. Objective To compare the performance of qSOFA and SIRS scores in predicting adverse outcomes of secondary peritonitis among patients on the adult surgical wards in a tertiary teaching hospital in Uganda. Methods This was a prospective cohort study of patients with clinically confirmed secondary peritonitis, from March 2018 to January 2019 at the Accident and Emergency unit and the adult surgical wards of a tertiary teaching hospital in Uganda. QSOFA and SIRS scores were generated for each patient, with a score of ≥2 recorded as high risk, while a score of < 2 recorded as low risk for the adverse outcome respectively. After surgery, patients were followed up until discharge or death. In-hospital mortality and prolonged hospital stay were the primary and secondary adverse outcomes, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy at 95% confidence interval were calculated for each of the scores using STATA v.13. Results A total of 153 patients were enrolled. Of these, 151(M: F, 2.4:1) completed follow up and were analysed, 2 were excluded. Mortality rate was 11.9%. Fourty (26.5%) patients had a prolonged hospital stay. QSOFA predicted in-hospital mortality with AUROC of 0.52 versus 0.62, for SIRS. Similarly, qSOFA predicted prolonged hospital stay with AUROC of 0.54 versus 0.57, for SIRS. Conclusion SIRS is superior to qSOFA in predicting both mortality and prolonged hospital stay among patients with secondary peritonitis. However, overall, both scores showed a poor discrimination for both adverse outcomes and therefore not ideal tools.

scholarly journals Impact of body mass index on survival of medical patients with sepsis: a prospective cohort study in a university hospital in China

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e021979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingtao Zhou ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Shuo Li ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Qingbian Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Chinese Cohort ◽  
Length Of Icu Stay

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on survival of a Chinese cohort of medical patients with sepsis.DesignA single-centre prospective cohort study conducted from May 2015 to April 2017.SettingA tertiary care university hospital in China.ParticipantsA total of 178 patients with sepsis admitted to the medical intensive care unit (ICU) were included.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was 90-day mortality while the secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, length of ICU stay and length of hospital stay.ResultsThe median age (IQR) was 78 (66–84) years old, and 77.0% patients were older than 65 years. The 90-day mortality was 47.2%. The in-hospital mortality was 41.6%, and the length of ICU stay and hospital stay were 12 (5–22) and 15 (9–28) days, respectively. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis identified that Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (HR=1.229, p<0.001), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (HR=1.050, p<0.001) and BMI (HR=0.940, p=0.029) were all independently associated with the 90-day mortality. Patients were divided into four groups based on BMI (underweight 33 (18.5%), normal 98 (55.1%), overweight 36 (20.2%) and obese 11 (6.2%)). The 90-day mortality (66.7%, 48.0%, 36.1% and 18.2%, p=0.015) and in-hospital mortality (60.6%, 41.8%, 30.6% and 18.2%, p=0.027) were statistically different among the four groups. Differences in survival among the four groups were demonstrated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (p=0.008), with the underweight patients showing a lower survival rate.ConclusionsBMI was an independent factor associated with 90-day survival in a Chinese cohort of medical patients with sepsis, with patients having a lower BMI at a higher risk of death.

scholarly journals Determinants of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19; a prospective cohort study from Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samreen Sarfaraz ◽  
Quratulain Shaikh ◽  
Syed Ghazanfar Saleem ◽  
Anum Rahim ◽  
Fivzia Farooq Herekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
List Type ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Icu Admission

SummaryA prospective cohort study was conducted at the Indus Hospital Karachi, Pakistan between March and June 2020 to describe the determinants of mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. 186 adult patients were enrolled and all-cause mortality was found to be 36% (67/186). Those who died were older and more likely to be males (p<0.05). Temperature and respiratory rate were higher among non-survivors while Oxygen saturation was lower (p<0.05). Serum CRP, D-dimer and IL-6 were higher while SpO2 was lower on admission among non-survivors (p<0.05). Non-survivors had higher SOFA and CURB-65 scores while thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia and severe ARDS was more prevalent among them (p<0.05). Use of non-invasive ventilation in emergency room, ICU admission and invasive ventilation were associated with mortality in our cohort (p<0.05). Length of hospital stay and days of intubation were longer in non-survivors (p<0.05). Use of azithromycin, hydroxychloroquine, steroids, tocilizumab, antibiotics, IVIG or anticoagulation showed no mortality benefit (p>0.05). Multivariable logistic regression showed that age > 60 years, oxygen saturation <93% on admission, pro-calcitonin > 2 ng/ml, unit rise in temperature and SOFA score, ICU admission and sepsis during hospital stay were associated with higher odds of mortality. Larger prospective studies are needed to further strengthen these findings.Key FindingsAge greater than 60 years is associated with in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patientsOxygen saturation less than 93% and ICU admission are associated with higher odds of mortalityInflammatory markers including CRP, Ferritin and IL-6 were significantly higher among non-survivorsSerum pro-calcitonin greater than 2 ng/ml and sepsis during hospital stay are associated with higher odds of mortality among COVID-19 patients

scholarly journals Predictive value of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio for disease deterioration and serious adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Yong Zeng ◽  
Shao-Dan Feng ◽  
Gong-Ping Chen ◽  
Jiang-Nan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio

Abstract Background Early identification of patients who are at high risk of poor clinical outcomes is of great importance in saving the lives of patients with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the context of limited medical resources. Objective To evaluate the value of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), calculated at hospital admission and in isolation, for the prediction of the subsequent presence of disease progression and serious clinical outcomes (e.g., shock, death). Methods We designed a prospective cohort study of 352 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 between January 9 and February 26, 2020, in Yichang City, Hubei Province. Patients with an NLR equal to or higher than the cutoff value derived from the receiver operating characteristic curve method were classified as the exposed group. The primary outcome was disease deterioration, defined as an increase of the clinical disease severity classification during hospitalization (e.g., moderate to severe/critical; severe to critical). The secondary outcomes were shock and death during the treatment. Results During the follow-up period, 51 (14.5%) patients’ conditions deteriorated, 15 patients (4.3%) had complicated septic shock, and 15 patients (4.3%) died. The NLR was higher in patients with deterioration than in those without deterioration (median: 5.33 vs. 2.14, P < 0.001), and higher in patients with serious clinical outcomes than in those without serious clinical outcomes (shock vs. no shock: 6.19 vs. 2.25, P < 0.001; death vs. survival: 7.19 vs. 2.25, P < 0.001). The NLR measured at hospital admission had high value in predicting subsequent disease deterioration, shock and death (all the areas under the curve > 0.80). The sensitivity of an NLR ≥ 2.6937 for predicting subsequent disease deterioration, shock and death was 82.0% (95% confidence interval, 69.0 to 91.0), 93.3% (68.0 to 100), and 92.9% (66.0 to 100), and the corresponding negative predictive values were 95.7% (93.0 to 99.2), 99.5% (98.6 to 100) and 99.5% (98.6 to 100), respectively. Conclusions The NLR measured at admission and in isolation can be used to effectively predict the subsequent presence of disease deterioration and serious clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals The healthcare costs of antimicrobial resistance in Lebanon: a multi-centre prospective cohort study from the payer perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Iskandar ◽  
Christine Roques ◽  
Souheil Hallit ◽  
Rola Husni-Samaha ◽  
Natalia Dirani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Hospital Charges ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Payer Perspective

Abstract Background Our aim was to examine whether the length of stay, hospital charges and in-hospital mortality attributable to healthcare- and community-associated infections due to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria were higher compared with those due to susceptible bacteria in the Lebanese healthcare settings using different methodology of analysis from the payer perspective . Methods We performed a multi-centre prospective cohort study in ten hospitals across Lebanon. The sample size consisted of 1289 patients with documented healthcare-associated infection (HAI) or community-associated infection (CAI). We conducted three separate analysis to adjust for confounders and time-dependent bias: (1) Post-HAIs in which we included the excess LOS and hospital charges incurred after infection and (2) Matched cohort, in which we matched the patients based on propensity score estimates (3) The conventional method, in which we considered the entire hospital stay and allocated charges attributable to CAI. The linear regression models accounted for multiple confounders. Results HAIs and CAIs with resistant versus susceptible bacteria were associated with a significant excess length of hospital stay (2.69 days [95% CI,1.5–3.9]; p < 0.001) and (2.2 days [95% CI,1.2–3.3]; p < 0.001) and resulted in additional hospital charges ($1807 [95% CI, 1046–2569]; p < 0.001) and ($889 [95% CI, 378–1400]; p = 0.001) respectively. Compared with the post-HAIs analysis, the matched cohort method showed a reduction by 26 and 13% in hospital charges and LOS estimates respectively. Infections with resistant bacteria did not decrease the time to in-hospital mortality, for both healthcare- or community-associated infections. Resistant cases in the post-HAIs analysis showed a significantly higher risk of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 0.517 [95% CI, 0.327–0.820]; p = 0.05). Conclusion This is the first nationwide study that quantifies the healthcare costs of antimicrobial resistance in Lebanon. For cases with HAIs, matched cohort analysis showed more conservative estimates compared with post-HAIs method. The differences in estimates highlight the need for a unified methodology to estimate the burden of antimicrobial resistance in order to accurately advise health policy makers and prioritize resources expenditure.

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