scholarly journals Characterization of a Bacteriophage Isolated from a River water against a Local Field Strain Multi-Drug Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akanksha Rai ◽  
Krishna Khairnar
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
River Water ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Narrow Host Range ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Slow Progress ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Abstract It is becoming increasingly difficult in combating Multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. MDR Staphylococcus aureus particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus is one such notorious pathogen in clinical settings and the food industry. With increasing incidences of drug resistance and slow progress in developing new antibiotics, bacteriophages against pathogenic S. aureus are promising as antibacterial. We isolated Four local field MDR S. aureus from wastewater samples. We got a bacteriophage against an MDR S. aureus from a river-water sample. The bacteriophage was lytic and was stable at various temperatures ranging from − 20°C to 37°C. the bacteriophage was stable at a highly alkaline PH and had a narrow host range. Through genomic analysis, the bacteriophage DNA encodes 52 genes, and all predicted genes are on one strand, it also encodes a phage RNA polymerase; although it does not show similarity to any known staphylococcal bacteriophage, it shows similarity (91%) to Enterobacteriaceae phages. When surveying the research articles about Staphylococcal phages, we could find about the unclassified and Singleton-Staphylococcal phages.

scholarly journals Antibiotic adjuvants from Buxus sempervirens to promote effective treatment of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (97) ◽  
pp. 95000-95009 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Abreu ◽  
D. Paulet ◽  
A. Coqueiro ◽  
J. Malheiro ◽  
A. Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Buxus Sempervirens ◽  
New Antibiotics

Plants have been long scrutinized in the quest for new antibiotics, but no strong antibiotic molecule was ever found.

Novel Antibiotics from Marine Sources

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1446-1461 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Martis ◽  
G M Doshi ◽  
G V Aggarwal ◽  
P P Shanbhag
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Terrestrial Life ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Antibiotic Compounds ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Novel Antibiotics ◽  
Untapped Resource

With the emergence of newer diseases, resistant forms of infectious diseases and multi-drug resistant bacteria, it has become essential to develop novel and more effective antibiotics. Current antibiotics are obtained from terrestrial life or made synthetically from intermediates. The ocean represents virtually untapped resource from which novel antibiotic compounds can be discovered. It is the marine world that will provide the pharmaceutical industry with the next generation of antibiotics. Marine antibiotics are antibiotics obtained from marine organisms. Scientists have reported the discovery of various antibiotics from marine bacteria (aplasmomycin, himalomycins, and pelagiomycins), sponges (Ara C, variabillin, strobilin, ircinin-1, aeroplysin, 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenylacetamide), coelenterates (asperidol and eunicin), mollusks (laurinterol and pachydictyol), tunicates (geranylhydroquinone and cystadytins), algae (cycloeudesmol, aeroplysinin-1(+), prepacifenol and tetrabromoheptanone), worms (tholepin and 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybezaldehyde), and actinomycetes (marinomycins C and D). This indicates that the marine environment, representing approximately half of the global diversity, is an enormous resource for new antibiotics and this source needs to be explored for the discovery of new generation antibiotics. The present article provides an overview of various antibiotics obtained from marine sources.

scholarly journals New Antimicrobials Based on the Adarotene Scaffold with Activity against Multi-Drug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Salvatore Princiotto ◽  
Stefania Mazzini ◽  
Loana Musso ◽  
Fabio Arena ◽  
Sabrina Dallavalle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Biological Assessment ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
Common Infections

The global increase in infections by multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens is severely impacting our ability to successfully treat common infections. Herein, we report the antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. faecalis (including some MDR strains) of a panel of adarotene-related synthetic retinoids. In many cases, these compounds showed, together with favorable MICs, a detectable bactericidal effect. We found that the pattern of substitution on adarotene could be modulated to obtain selectivity for antibacterial over the known anticancer activity of these compounds. NMR experiments allowed us to define the interaction between adarotene and a model of microorganism membrane. Biological assessment confirmed that the scaffold of adarotene is promising for further developments of non-toxic antimicrobials active on MDR strains.

scholarly journals Hospital Microbiologic Culture Results to Predict the Use of Anti–methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s40-s40
Author(s):  
Hsiu Wu ◽  
Tyler Kratzer ◽  
Liang Zhou ◽  
Minn Soe ◽  
Jonathan Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Risk Adjustment ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Average Length Of Stay ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Hospital Characteristics

Background: To provide a standardized, risk-adjusted method for summarizing antimicrobial use (AU), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed the standardized antimicrobial administration ratio, an observed-to-predicted use ratio in which predicted use is estimated from a statistical model accounting for patient locations and hospital characteristics. The infection burden, which could drive AU, was not available for assessment. To inform AU risk adjustment, we evaluated the relationship between the burden of drug-resistant gram-positive infections and the use of anti-MRSA agents. Methods: We analyzed data from acute-care hospitals that reported ≥10 months of hospital-wide AU and microbiologic data to the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) from January 2018 through June 2019. Hospital infection burden was estimated using the prevalence of deduplicated positive cultures per 1,000 admissions. Eligible cultures included blood and lower respiratory specimens that yielded oxacillin/cefoxitin–resistant Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and ampicillin-nonsusceptible enterococci, and cerebrospinal fluid that yielded SA. The anti-MRSA use rate is the total antimicrobial days of ceftaroline, dalbavancin, daptomycin, linezolid, oritavancin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, tedizolid, telavancin, and intravenous vancomycin per 1,000 days patients were present. AU rates were modeled using negative binomial regression assessing its association with infection burden and hospital characteristics. Results: Among 182 hospitals, the median (interquartile range, IQR) of anti-MRSA use rate was 86.3 (59.9–105.0), and the median (IQR) prevalence of drug-resistant gram-positive infections was 3.4 (2.1–4.8). Higher prevalence of drug-resistant gram-positive infections was associated with higher use of anti-MRSA agents after adjusting for facility type and percentage of beds in intensive care units (Table 1). Number of hospital beds, average length of stay, and medical school affiliation were nonsignificant. Conclusions: Prevalence of drug-resistant gram-positive infections was independently associated with the use of anti-MRSA agents. Infection burden should be used for risk adjustment in predicting the use of anti-MRSA agents. To make this possible, we recommend that hospitals reporting to NHSN’s AU Option also report microbiologic culture results.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

scholarly journals Genomic analysis of an extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST312 harbouring IncU plasmid-mediated blaKPC-2 isolated from ascitic fluid

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 151-153
Author(s):  
Daniela Cristina Tartari ◽  
Caetana Paes Zamparette ◽  
Graciele Martini ◽  
Sandra Christakis ◽  
Luiz Henrique Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

scholarly journals Characterization and Genome Analysis of Staphylococcus aureus Podovirus CSA13 and Its Anti-Biofilm Capacity

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoyeon Cha ◽  
Jihwan Chun ◽  
Bokyung Son ◽  
Sangryeol Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Experimental Setting ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Bacteriophage Therapy ◽  
Chromosomal Structure ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Reading Frames

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the notable human pathogens that can be easily encountered in both dietary and clinical surroundings. Among various countermeasures, bacteriophage therapy is recognized as an alternative method for resolving the issue of antibiotic resistance. In the current study, bacteriophage CSA13 was isolated from a chicken, and subsequently, its morphology, physiology, and genomics were characterized. This Podoviridae phage displayed an extended host inhibition effect of up to 23 hours of persistence. Its broad host spectrum included methicillin susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), local S. aureus isolates, as well as non-aureus staphylococci strains. Moreover, phage CSA13 could successfully remove over 78% and 93% of MSSA and MRSA biofilms in an experimental setting, respectively. Genomic analysis revealed a 17,034 bp chromosome containing 18 predicted open reading frames (ORFs) without tRNAs, representing a typical chromosomal structure of the staphylococcal Podoviridae family. The results presented here suggest that phage CSA13 can be applicable as an effective biocontrol agent against S. aureus.

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