scholarly journals A multi-level qualitative analysis of sensitive-intervention stunting program: from regulation to action

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Bayu Purnama ◽  
Syafran Arrazy ◽  
Grace Wangge
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Public Health Indicators ◽  
Coordination And Collaboration ◽  
Document Review ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives : The multisectoral problem of stunting with sensitive interventions is still a public health problem. This problem is due to complex factors that affect stunting programs across sectors to accelerate the stunting program for non-nutrition programs. This study aims to identify challenges in implementing sensitive interventions on stunting from regulation to implementation of activities. Methods : A qualitative multilevel approach was used for this research by conducting in-depth interviews, observation, and document review on the supply and demand aspects of the stunting-sensitive intervention program. The District of Health as the first level in the regulator, the Public health center as the implementer of the activity, and the community as the target of the activity were interviewed about the impact of regional regulatory innovations on stunting prevalence. Results This study explains that the families of stunting infants are not familiar with sensitive intervention activities and are still focused on specific packages. Coordination and collaboration, both intern level and between levels, have not been maximally implemented. The development of innovations in regional regulations has no impact on public health indicators both before and after the design is implemented. Conclusion for practices This research concludes that deploying cadres, transforming regulation inovation to social inovation and program managers trainning are crucial to accelerate sensitive intervention program.

scholarly journals A warning about measurement and methodological issues associated with coronavirus tracking and evaluation across jurisdictions

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (78) ◽  
pp. 297-299
Author(s):  
Robert Ladouceur ◽  
Howard Shaffer ◽  
Paige Shaffer ◽  
Lucie Baillargeon
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Indicators ◽  
The Impact

As people around the world experience a devastating pandemic, it is critical that policy-makers consider the methodological and measurement issues that might be associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) public health indicators. This commentary uses four primary variables to illustrate measurement and methodological issues that can complicate comparisons between jurisdictions. Jurisdiction refers to a variety of geographic areas, such as a country, a state, or a province/territory. These variables play a critical role in determining how we understand the trajectory of disease spread. These variables also contribute to our understanding of prevention strategies and their associated efficacy, reflecting the impact of COVID-19 on hospitals. It is critical for public health stakeholders and the public to recognize that these four simple variables can vary substantially across jurisdictions.

Partisan politics or public-health need?

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Mayer ◽  
Robert Kenter ◽  
John C. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Politics ◽  
Public Health Indicators ◽  
The Impact

States’ policy decisions regarding the Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 have often been explained as predominantly, if not solely, partisan. Might rival explanations also apply? Using a cross-sectional 50-state regression model, we studied standard political variables coupled with public-health indicators. This work differs from existing research by employing a dependent variable of five additive measures of ACA support, examining the impact of both political and socioeconomic indicators on state policy decisions. Expanding on recent empirical studies with our more nuanced additive index of support measures, we found that same-party control of a state’s executive and legislative branches was indeed by far the single best predictor of policy decisions. Public-health indicators, overwhelmed by partisan effect, did not sufficiently explain state policy choice. This result does not allay the concerns that health policy has become synonymous with health politics and that health politics now has little to do with health itself.

THE EFFECT OF METACOGNITIVE INSTRUCTION ON MAXIMIZING EFL LEARNERS’ METACOGNITIVE AWARENESS IN LISTENING

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Mahsa Assadi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Listening Comprehension ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Metacognitive Awareness ◽  
Listening Test ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Metacognitive Instruction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Comprehension Ability ◽  
The Impact

This study reports a pre-experimental research on the impact of metacognitive instruction on EFL learners’ metacognitive awareness and their listening performance. To obtain the goal of the study, a group of 30 Iranian intermediate EFL learners, including 14 males and 16 females, were selected randomly. Their ages range from 20 to 24. The participants took part in 16 weeks’ intervention program based on metacognitive pedagogical sequence consisted of five stages. The metacognitive awareness listening questionnaire (MALQ), and a listening test were also used to find changes in metacognitive awareness and listening performance before and after the treatment. The results of comparing pre and posttests scores revealed that metacognitive instruction raised the learners’ metacognitive awareness and helped them improve their listening comprehension ability.

Managing the effectiveness of the regional health system

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 698-720
Author(s):  
E.V. Lobkova ◽  
A.S. Petrichenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Regional Health ◽  
Luenberger Observer ◽  
Efficiency Assessment ◽  
Public Health Indicators

Subject. This article studies the mechanism of State health regulation and methods of management of efficiency of regional healthcare institutions. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the territorial health system in the context of the urgent need to optimize budget expenditures and address public health problems, as well as develop directions to improve the effectiveness of the regional health system of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. Methods. For the study, we used the method of index numbers and calculation of dynamics indicators using official statistics data. Results. We have developed and now present a system of indicators of regional health efficiency assessment, focused mainly on public health indicators and quality of medical services. We also offer our own version of the Luenberger observer modification adapted to the objectives of the regional health system analysis. Conclusions and Relevance. The article concludes that it is necessary to optimize the regional health system using the parameters of medical and social efficiency of the system. The proposed approach to assessing the effectiveness of regional health system can be used as a mechanism to develop recommendations for the management of the network of medical and prophylactic institutions of the region.

scholarly journals Neonatal malformations: organization of information flows in the S. Anna Hospital of Torino

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Bordino ◽  
A Musso ◽  
F Bert ◽  
R Siliquini
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Regional Health Planning ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Congenital malformations (CMs) represent a serious public health problem, both in terms of size (3% newborns/year) and severity of outcomes. The surveillance activity carried out by the Registers is an important tool for monitoring the frequency of events, to evaluate etiology, support research and public health actions. The aim is to evaluate the organization and the information network related to the diagnosis of malformation in the S. Anna presidium. Methods the retrospective study analyzed all newborns with one or more CM and all cases of TOPFA (Termination of Pregnancy for Fetal Anomaly) for CMs in the period 01/2020 - 01/2021. A forward-looking pilot study was then set up to assess the impact on the quality of data collection through the introduction of a MC sheet. Results 510 cases of CMs were found in live births, 180 in TOPFA for CMs and 4 in stillbirths. The duration of hospitalizations averaged 14.5 days (σ 36.56), with a median of 4 days. In the CMs group, an average maternal age of 33.40 years (σ 9.32), a median of 33 years and a mode of 33 years were calculated, in the TOPFA group an average maternal age of 34 years (σ 6.34), a median of 34 years and a mode of 32 years. In the live births group, 701 maternal diagnoses were detected, categorized and compared with the various national reports. The MC Sheet was compiled for 60 patients, 16 (4.30%) patients before the introduction of the sheet (01/2020 - 09/2020) and 44 (30.43%) after its introduction (10/2020 - 01/2021). Regarding the assessment of the proper use of ICD9CM an adequacy of 78% was observed in the first group vs one of 100% in the second. Conclusions Our preliminary data assess the need for a Regional registry, for a comparison with the main national and regional sources available (also with a view to possible participation in the EUROCAT and ICBDSR registers) and for regional health planning. Key messages The study underlines the need for a Regional Registry of congenital malformations. The clinical file is not always a complete source for analysing data on congenital malformations.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Hand-washing Habit and Toilet Use with Diarrhea Incidence in Children Under Five Years

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Nikmatur Rohmah ◽  
Fariani Syahrul
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Before And After

Diarrhea is still a public health problem in the world and the mostly occur in children under five years. At the moment the number of diarrhea-caused mortality was 3.8 per 1000 per year by 3.2 episodes per year in children under five years. This research aims to analyze the association between hand-washing habits and toilet use with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years. This is an observational analytic with cross sectional study. Population of the research was a children's mother took her children to the public health center of Sekardangan Sidoarjo Subdistrict. The number of samples taken as many as 58 mother of children under five years. Data collection was done with interviews to parents of children and the observations of the toilets. Technique of data analysis using chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. On the results of the research there is a significant association the habit of hand washing (p = 0.006) and toilet use(p = 0.014) with the incidenceof diarrhea in children under five years. Conclusions of the research is the habit of hand washing and toilet use had a significant association with the incidenceof diarrhea in children under five years. Advice that can be given to the mother of a children under five years is to wash the hands before and after defecating and before preparing food for children. Keywords: diarrhea, hand washing, toilet use, observational, children under five years

scholarly journals The prevalence of scabies in Monrovia, Liberia: a population-based survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelui Collinson ◽  
Joseph Timothy ◽  
Samuel K Zayay ◽  
Karsor K Kollie ◽  
Eglantine Lebas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundScabies is known to be a public health problem in many settings but the majority of recent data is from rural settings in the Pacific. There is a need for high quality data from sub-Saharan Africa and peri-Urban settings to inform scale up of scabies control efforts. There have been anecdotal reports of scabies being a public health problem in Liberia but robust data are lacking.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional cluster-randomised prevalence survey for scabies in a peri-urban community in Monrovia, Liberia in February-March 2020. Participants underwent a standardised examination conducted by trained local health care workers. Health related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed using age-appropriate dermatology life quality indices (DLQIs). Prevalence estimates were calculated accounting for clustering at community and household levels and associations with key demographic variables assessed through multivariable random-effects logistic regression.Results1,318 participants from 477 households were surveyed. The prevalence of scabies prevalence was 9.3% (95% CI: 6.5-13.2%), across 75 (19.7%) households; impetigo or infected scabies prevalence was 0.8% (95% CI: 0.4-1.9%). The majority (52%) of scabies cases were classified as severe. Scabies prevalence was lower in females and higher in the youngest age group; no associations were found with other collected demographic or socio-economic variables. DLQI scores indicated a very or extremely large effect on HRQoL in 29% of adults and 18% of children diagnosed with scabies.ConclusionsOur study indicates a substantial burden of scabies in this peri-Urban population in Liberia. This was associated with significant impact on quality of life, highlighting the need for action to control scabies in this population. Further work is needed to assess the impact of interventions in this context on both the prevalence of scabies and quality of life.Plain English summaryScabies is an infestation with a microscopic mite which affects many people living in low-resource tropical countries. It causes intense itching, which can lead to complications through bacterial infection and poor quality of life. To help develop global scabies control programmes, we need a better understanding of how common it is across different tropical settings. We conducted a survey to assess the burden of scabies and bacterial skin infection in a random sample of people living in a community in Monrovia, Liberia. Information about participants and their household were collected and their skin was examined; those with skin conditions were asked about its impact on quality of life.We examined 1,318 participants and found that almost 10% of people had scanies. Scabies was more common in young children, and was more common in male children than female children. We found that there was a large impact on quality of life due mostly to the itching that scabies causes and to people feeling embarrassed or sad because of their skin condition. This scabies survey is one of the first conducted across all age groups in recent years in sub-Saharan Africa and indicates a substantial burden and impact on quality of life. More work is needed to understand how common scabies is in different settings and the impact that different treatment strategies may have.

scholarly journals Thinness as Major Underlying Problem Among Adolescents of Northeast India

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
S Model ◽  
Model Approach

Background: Undernutrition is a major public health concern in many of the developing countries of Asia. Due to immense population size, socioeconomic disparities, illiteracy and inadequate access to health facilities prevalence is very high in India. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of age-sex specific thinness (low BMI-for-age) among adolescents residing in rural regions in India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study has conducted among 1165 adolescent (602 boys; 563 girls) aged 10-18 years of Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India. Anthropometric measurements were height and weight obtained and BMI (weight/height2, kg/ m2) was calculated. The prevalence of thinness was assessed using newly proposed age-sex specific cut-offs of Cole et al. The data were analyzed using chi-square, ANOVA and Least Mean and Square (L,M and S) model approach. Results: Prevalence of overall thinness is 49.10% (51.16% boys, 46.89% girls) among rural adolescents. The boys are found to be more sufferer than girls in the different thinness grades include mild (grade I; 27.41% vs. 27.11%), moderate (grade II; 14.62% vs. 12.08%) and severe (grade III; 9.14% vs. 8.70%) (p>0.05). The age and sex specific smooth percentile curves of BMI were derived using L,M and S model approach for further evaluation of nutritional status. Conclusion: The existence of high prevalence of thinness among adolescents indicates nutritional deprivation among rural Indian adolescents. There is an urgent need of appropriate nutritional intervention program to address the public health problem related to undernutrition especially among nutritionally vulnerable segments of adolescents residing in rural regions to ameliorate the nutritional status DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i1.8922    J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(1):39-47

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