scholarly journals Impacts of Public Telecommunications Policy on Industrial Geography and Welfare

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walid Chatti ◽  
Turki Abalala
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
Telecommunications Policy ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Spatial Inequalities ◽  
Industrial Geography ◽  
Transportation Infrastructures ◽  
Trade Of Services ◽  
The Cost

Abstract We include a clear distinction between transport and telecommunication infrastructures. We assume that public expenditure enables Information Technology Enabled Services to be traded abroad without the use of traditional transport modes. We show that the increase in the knowledge spillovers mainly related to mobile human capital and trade of services can develop industrialization in developing country, leading to less spatial inequalities. This latter must invest more in telecommunication than in transportation infrastructures to attract both industrial and knowledge activities. The welfare level will be improved for skilled workers in both countries when public policy decreases the cost of trading knowledge.

The Technology and Knowledge Spıllover Effects of FDI on Labour Productıvıty—Evıdence from Medıum-Hıgh Industry in Malaysıa

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-110
Author(s):  
Norhanishah Mohamad Yunus ◽  
Noraida Abdul Wahob
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
International Technology Transfer ◽  
Technology Acquisition ◽  
Productivity Function ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Cost

A plethora of studies have revealed the importance of new knowledge transfer from foreign multinational corporations (MNCs) in encouraging higher labour productivity and sustainable competitive advantages. However, less attention is given to low labour productivity issue despite the presence of FDI, especially in the developing country context. Most of the studies only heavily emphasised on 'technology' effects rather than 'knowledge' effects on the host country as a result of the presence of foreign technology. As Malaysia is one of the major FDI recipients in Southeast Asia, the specific spillover effects of each FDI investor country in Malaysia, need to be studied. With an abundance of MNCs, international technology transfer is considered as an imported mode for technology acquisition in a developing country like Malaysia. However, the benefits of FDI spillovers on labour productivity function in Malaysia remain ambiguous, even when classified according to specific investor countries. Globalisation and liberalisation have seen trade and investment activities booming, thus increasing multilateral relations between Malaysia and other countries regardless of their level of development. Thus, this study may help the Malaysian government to justify the cost that should be invested to attract more FDI inflows towards the manufacturing industries in the short run. Keywords: spillover effects, Foreign Direct Investment, labour productivity, technology spillovers, knowledge spillovers

scholarly journals Framing policy designs through contradictory emotions: The case of Czech single mothers

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna P Durnová ◽  
Eva M Hejzlarová
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Single Mothers ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Policy Goal ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Way

In public policy scholarship on policy design, emotions are still treated as opposed to goals, and their presence is assumed to signal that things have gone wrong. We argue, however, that understanding how and for whom emotions matter is vital to the dynamics of policy designs because emotions are central to the capacity building of policy intermediaries and, with that, to the success of public policies. We examine the case of Czech single mothers in their role as intermediaries in ‘alimony policy’. Our interpretive survey provided single mothers an opportunity to express the way they experience the policy emotionally. The analysis reveals that the policy goal of the child’s well-being is produced at the cost of the mother’s emotional tensions and that policy designs defuse these emotional tensions, implicitly. These contradictory emotions expressed by mothers show us a gateway to problematising policy designs in a novel way, which reconsiders construing policy design as a technical, solution-oriented enterprise to one in which emotional tensions intervene in policy design and are essential for succeeding.

scholarly journals Stability Analysis of R&D Cooperation in a Supply Chain

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luyun Xu ◽  
Dong Liang ◽  
Zhenjie Duan ◽  
Xu Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
Opportunistic Behavior ◽  
Collaborative Process ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Inherent Quality

R&D outsourcing becomes the often-adopted strategy for firms to innovate. However, R&D cooperation often ends up with failure because of its inherent quality of instability. One of the main reasons for cooperation failure is the opportunistic behavior. As the R&D contract between firms is inherently incomplete, opportunistic behavior always cannot be avoided in the collaborative process. R&D cooperation has been divided into horizontal and vertical types. This paper utilizes game theory to study opportunistic behavior in the vertical R&D cooperation and analyzes the equilibrium of the cooperation. Based on the equilibrium and numerical results, it is found that the vertical R&D cooperation is inherently unstable, and the downstream firm is more likely to break the agreement. The level of knowledge spillovers and the cost of R&D efforts have different effects on firms’ payoffs. When the level of knowledge spillover is low or the cost of R&D efforts is high, mechanisms such as punishment for opportunism may be more effective to guarantee the stability of cooperation.

The Drug Lag: A 20-Year Analysis of Six Country Markets

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. LaFrancis Popper ◽  
Robert W. Nason
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
New Products ◽  
New Product ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Effective Drug ◽  
Drug Products ◽  
New Product Introductions ◽  
Drug Lag ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

The sensitive nature of pharmaceuticals and the high cost of research and commercialization to introduce new products have led to numerous regulations intended to ensure the availability of safe and effective drug products. An unintended result has been to increase the cost of product introductions into various markets. The authors empirically test the relationship among the types of regulation, pharmaceutical product introductions, and the timing of their entry into the six largest country markets from 1970 to 1989. Surprisingly, the findings show that the type of regulation affects timing more than the number of new product introductions. The authors address the drug lag across the largest country markets on a product level over a period of 20 years. They discuss important potential implications for public policy and society.

scholarly journals Knowledge spillovers between PV installers can reduce the cost of installing solar PV

Energy Policy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 111600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory F. Nemet ◽  
Jiaqi Lu ◽  
Varun Rai ◽  
Rohan Rao
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals Legislative production and public spending in France

Public Choice ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Facchini ◽  
Elena Seghezza
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
The Public ◽  
Official Gazette ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Legislative Production ◽  
Laws And Regulations

AbstractThe aim of this article is to help explain the history of the public spending-to-GDP ratio in France by examining the production of laws and regulations. It empirically finds a positive and significant relationship between the number of pages in the Official Gazette of the French Republic and the development of the public expenditure-to-GDP ratio. We rely on the number of pages in the Official Gazette as a proxy for the cost of implementing laws and regulations. If unchecked, a proliferation of laws and regulations expands public spending. Over the period 1905–2015, a 10% increase in pages caused a 1.14% increase in the public expenditure-to-GDP ratio.

scholarly journals Cajole and Control

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Mangan
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Cost Of Education ◽  
The World ◽  
Improve Student Achievement ◽  
Education Delivery ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control

Improvement of publicly funded education has long been part of governments’ more pressing mandates. With globalisation and recent economic issues, the pressure has intensified. This article canvasses the different legislative tactics employed in England to improve education delivery while reducing its cost. Two methods have been used in particular, control and cajole: successive governments have adopted a strategy of controlling the cost of education and cajoling teachers to improve student achievement. Similar sequences of events arising in both England and Canada are examined in order to highlight the distinct new course taken by the former in 2010. This paper presents examples of legislative management of education at a time when governments around the world are facing significant demands to reduce public expenditure while simultaneously increasing student achievement (as a way of preparing for the future).

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