scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors in Pediatric Vascular Tumors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piya Rujkijyanont ◽  
Chanchai Traivaree ◽  
Nucharin Supakul ◽  
Kantang Satayasoontorn ◽  
Apichat Photia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Vascular Tumors ◽  
P Value ◽  
Treatment Approaches

Abstract Background: Vascular tumor is a specific entity of vascular anomalies with variable clinical manifestations and outcomes. Although surgical intervention is the gold standard to establish diagnosis and treatment, the procedure also carries certain risk especially in cases with large and inoperable tumors. Determinant factors to predict clinical outcomes among those patients were not well studied. The study aimed to explore clinical characteristics including investigational and treatment approaches as well as associated prognostic factors of vascular tumors specifically in pediatric populations. Methods: Pediatric patients with confirmed diagnosis of vascular tumors between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2017 were enrolled in this study. Clinical data including initial clinical manifestations with associated complications, diagnostic studies used to establish diagnosis, treatment modalities provided and final outcomes were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Results: In all, 50 patients with confirmed diagnosis of vascular tumors were enrolled. The median age at diagnosis was 11.5 years with equal gender distribution. The most common type of vascular tumors was hemangioma (n=41, 82%), followed by pyogenic granuloma (n=4, 8%), kapasiform hemangioendothelioma with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (n=2, 4%), infantile hepatic hemangioma (n=2, 4%) and juvenile nasal angiofibroma (n=1, 2%). The median age at diagnosis among patients with cutaneous vascular tumors (12.4 years) was significantly older than the age of those with visceral vascular tumors (1.3 years) with p-value of 0.009. The mean size among patients with visceral tumors (7.46±4.84 cms) was significantly greater than the size among patients with cutaneous tumors (3.21±3.7 cms) with p-value of 0.023. Size of the tumor was the only independent risk factor associated with clinical outcomes.Conclusion: Clinical characteristics of vascular tumors are heterogenous. Diagnosis can be made using clinical manifestations combined with radiological and histopathological examination. Treatment approaches consist of close observation, medications and surgery. Clinical outcomes are favorable among most patients and size of the tumor is an independent risk factor associated with outcomes. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.in.th under the title, “Vascular tumors in pediatric hematology-oncology settings” with registration number: TCTR20190917001.

Clinical Manifestations and Prognostic Factors of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia without HIV

Chemotherapy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuhiro Asai ◽  
Shinji Motojima ◽  
Yoshihiro Ohkuni ◽  
Ryo Matsunuma ◽  
Takuya Iwasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Group Performance ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia ◽  
Survivor Group

Introduction:Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) can occur in HIV patients but also in those without HIV (non-HIV PCP) but with other causes of immunodeficiency including malignancy or rheumatic diseases. Objective and Methods: To evaluate the clinical presentation and prognostic factors of non-HIV PCP, we retrospectively reviewed all patients diagnosed as having PCP without HIV at Kameda Medical Center, Chiba, Japan, from January 2005 until June 2012. For the purpose of examining a prognostic factor for non-HIV PCP with 30-day mortality, we compared the characteristics of patients, clinical symptoms, radiological images, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS), and the time from the onset of respiratory symptoms to the start of therapy, in both survival and fatality groups. Results: A total of 38 patients were eligible in this study. Twenty-five survived and 13 had died. The non-HIV PCP patients in the survivor group had a better PS and received anti-PCP therapy earlier than those in the nonsurvivor group. Rales upon auscultation and respiratory failure at initial visits were seen more frequently in the nonsurvivor group than in the survivor group. Lactate dehydrogenase and C-reactive protein values tended to be higher in the nonsurvivor group, but this was not statistically significant. Multivariate analyses using 5 variables showed that a poor PS of 2-4 was an independent risk factor for non-HIV PCP patients and resulted in death (odds ratio 15.24; 95% confidence interval 1.72-135.21). Conclusion: We suggest that poor PS is an independent risk factor in non-HIV PCP, and a patient's PS and disease activity may correlate with outcome.

scholarly journals The association between serum uric acid and diabetic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by gender: a cross-sectional study

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10691
Author(s):  
Yimeng Hu ◽  
Qinge Li ◽  
Rui Min ◽  
Yingfeng Deng ◽  
Yancheng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and several diabetic complications or co-morbidities remains a matter of debate. The study aims to explore the association between SUA levels and the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 2,809 participants (1,784 males and 1,025 females) were included in this cross-sectional study. Clinical characteristics and the prevalence of each of the four diseases were analyzed based on gender-specific quartiles of SUA levels. The Pearson correlation analysis and linear-regression analysis were used to access the correlation between SUA levels and clinical characteristics. Furthermore, a binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine whether SUA was an independent risk factor for each of the four complications. Results SUA levels were positively correlated to BMI, BUN, Scr and TG, but negatively associated with eGFR, HDL, FBG, 2h-PG and HbA1c% for the patients with T2DM. The prevalence of NAFLD and DN, but not DR or DPN, were increased with SUA levels from the first to the fourth quartile. Binary logistic regression further disclosed that SUA was an independent risk factor for NAFLD (ORs Male = 1.002, ∗P = 0.0013; ORs Female = 1.002, ∗P = 0.015) and DN (ORs Male = 1.006, ∗P < 0.001; ORs Female = 1.005, ∗P < 0.001), but not for DR and DPN. After adjustment for the confounders, SUA levels were significantly associated with NAFLD within the 3rd (ORs = 1.829, P = 0.004) and 4th quartile (ORs = 2.064, P = 0.001) for women, but not independently associated with SUA for man. On the other hand, our results revealed increased prevalence of DN for SUA quartile 2 (ORs = 3.643, P = 0.039), quartile 3 (ORs = 3.967, P = 0.024) and quartile 4 (ORs = 9.133, P < 0.001) in men; however, SUA quartiles were significantly associated with DN only for quartile 4 (ORs = 4.083, P = 0.042) in women Conclusion For patients with T2DM, elevated SUA concentration is an independent risk factor for the prevalence of NAFLD and DN after adjustment for other indicators, but not DR or DPN.

scholarly journals Weekend Surgical Admissions of Pediatric IBD Patients Have a Higher Risk of Complication in Hospitals Across the US

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-260
Author(s):  
Matthew D Egberg ◽  
Joseph A Galanko ◽  
Michael D Kappelman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
The Us ◽  
Pediatric Ibd

Surgical admissions occurring over the weekend have worse clinical outcomes compared with weekday admissions. This study is the first to demonstrate weekend admission as an independent risk factor for in-hospital complication in both pediatric CD and UC hospitalizations.

Comparison of clinicopathological traits and prognostic factors of hepatocellular carcinoma with and without cirrhotic background

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1576-1582
Author(s):  
Jian Hu ◽  
Zhi-Qing Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhu ◽  
Zhen-Ru Wu ◽  
Yu You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hepatic Portal ◽  
Stratified Analysis ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Abstract The difference of the patients bearing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with and without cirrhosis at clinical level has not been completely determined. This study compared their differences in clinicopathological traits and prognostic factors for relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Animal model was established to validate the result of clinical observation. As a result, 82 patients bearing HCC with no cirrhosis (HCC-NC) and 146 patients bearing HCC with cirrhosis (HCC-C) were included. HCC-NC exhibited shorter prothrombin time and higher plasma albumin than HCC-C. In HCC-NC, satellite nodule was an independent risk factor for OS, and high γ-glutamyl transpeptidase was an independent risk factor for RFS. In HCC-C, female sex was an independent risk factor for OS. Stratified analysis showed the OS and RFS of HCC-NC were better than HCC-C in conditions like without cancer embolus (in the portal vein or bile duct), without lymphadenopathy in hepatic portal, without satellite nodule and with small or high-differentiated tumor. Animal model analysis showed HCC-NC had a higher liver/body weight ratio, less tumor count and smaller max tumor volume than HCC-C. In conclusion, clinicopathological traits and risk factors influencing postoperative OS and RFS differed between patients with HCC-C and HCC-NC.

Obesity is not an Independent Risk Factor for Adverse Perioperative and Long-Term Clinical Outcomes Following Open AAA Repair or EVAR

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 607-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Park ◽  
Phong Dargon ◽  
Christopher Binette ◽  
Bruna Babic ◽  
Tina Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Independent Risk Factor

scholarly journals Multicenter Clinical Investigation of Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus Infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongfang Lin ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Shi Wu ◽  
Yonggui Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Bacterial Drug Resistance ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Intravenous Catheterization

Abstract Background: To understand the clinical characteristics of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infection.Methods: The clinical characteristics of patients with VRE infection, members of CHINET Bacterial Drug Resistance Monitoring Network, in 2016, were analyzed and compared to patients with vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus (VSE) infection patients.Results: Urinary tract infection was the main type, followed by bloodstream infection and intraabdominal infection. Compared to VSE infection, VRE infection is observed in more patients who have intravenous catheterization and undergo dialysis. In addition, the proportion of patients complicated with shock, multiple organ failure, and other bacterial and fungal infections is high, the clinical outcome is poor, the hospitalization expenses are high, and the hospitalization duration is prolonged. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that intravenous catheterization was an independent risk factor for VRE infection.Conclusions: Intravenous catheterization is an independent risk factor for VRE infection. Thus, clinical measures should be strengthened to prevent VRE infection.

scholarly journals A Study in the Clinical Characteristics of Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia Bacteremia in Hematological Patients

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 4631-4631
Author(s):  
Haiyan Bao ◽  
Jia Chen ◽  
Xiaojin Wu ◽  
Xiao Ma ◽  
Chengcheng Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hematological Diseases ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Introduction: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important nosocomial pathogen, particularly in immunocompromised patients, especially in patients with hematologic diseases. Methods: We reviewed the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with S. maltophilia bacteremia over a five-year period from January 2010 to December 2014. Species identification was performed using the automated Vitek 2 compact system (bioMe rieux). Results: The incidence of S. maltophilia bacteremia was 25.1 per 10 000 admissions in our study. Thirty-four patients (median age: 34 years; 64.7% males) with S. maltophilia bacteremia were analyzed. The S. maltophilia bacteremia related 30-day mortality was 44.1%. Risk factors associated with mortality in patients with S. maltophilia infection in the univariate and multivariate analysis were represented in Tables I and II. In the univariate analysis, risk factors included T>39.0¡æ, septic shock, respiratory failure and non-remission after treatment for primary hematological diseases (P <0.05). In the multivariate analysis, respiratory failure and non-remission status after treatment forhematological diseases were independent prognostic factors for mortality. In vitro susceptibility was higher to ciprofloxacin(82.4%), ceftazidime(70.6%), sulbactam and cefoperazone(58.8%), which was shown in Table III. Conclusion: Combination regimens with ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime, or sulbactam and cefoperazone could be alternative treatment. Novel antibiotics are required for treatment of S. maltophilia infection, as well as infection control practices of environmental reserves, rapid detection of pathogens, risk stratification strategy and appropriate treatment for primary hematologic malignancies, which might conjointly contribute to better survival outcome of S. maltophilia bacteremia. Univariate analysis of prognostic factors associated with mortality from S. maltophilia bacteremia Table 1. Factor Mortality HR 95%CI P-value Withfactor Withoutfactor T>39.0¡æ 75% 16.7% 2.490 1.318-4.704 0.005 Septic shock 90.0% 25.0% 2.544 1.473-4.393 0.001 Respiratory failure 100% 20.8% 4.672 2.366-9.225 0.000 Treatment outcome for hematological diseases Remission 10.0% 85.7% 0.247 0.116-0.526 0.000 HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; HSCT, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Table 2. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors associated with mortality from S. maltophilia bacteremia Factor HR 95%CI P-value Respiratory failure 2.688 1.297-5.569 0.008 Remission after treatment for hematological diseases 0.367 0.153-0.879 0.025 HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval Table 3. Susceptibility pattern of the 34 patients with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia Antimicrobial agents S (%) I (%) Ceftazidime 24(70.6%) 1(2.9%) Cefoperazone 19(44.1%) 6(17.6%) Sulbactam and Cefoperazone 20(58.8%) 5(14.7%) Piperacillin 7(20.6%) 6(17.6%) Piperacillin-Tazobactam 11(32.3%) 7(20.6%) Amikacin 6(17.6%) 0(0%) Ciprofloxacin 28(82.4%) 1(2.9%) S, susceptible; I, intermediately susceptible. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

DNA Methylation Profiling Predicts Clinical Outcomes and Reveals Unique Insights Into the Molecular Complexity of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 707-707
Author(s):  
Maria E Figueroa ◽  
Sanne Lugthart ◽  
Yushan Li ◽  
Claudia Erpelinck-Verschueren ◽  
Xutao Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Gene Methylation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aberrant Dna Methylation

Abstract Abstract 707 Epigenetic deregulation of genes through aberrant DNA methylation has been widely reported in cancer. We hypothesized that in AML this aberrant DNA methylation does not occur randomly, but rather occurs in specific and distinct patterns. Therefore, large-scale genome-wide analysis of the DNA methylome could help explain and define the complexity underlying leukemia biology and reveal the existence of epigenetically defined variants of AML. Using the HELP microarray assay, which measures DNA methylation at 50,000 CpG sites annotated to ∼14,000 promoters, we obtained DNA methylation profiles for 344 AML patients seen at Erasmus University Medical Center. Median follow-up based on survivors was 18.2 months (7-215); median age: 48 years (15-77). Unsupervised analysis (hierarchical clustering, correlation distance with Ward's clustering method) demonstrated that based on their methylation profiles AML patients distributed into 16 cohorts. 11 of these groups were also defined by the presence of specific molecular lesions: inv(16) [cluster 1], t(8;21) [cluster 3], t(15;17) [cluster 6], CEBPA-mutant [clusters 4 and 9], CEBPA-silenced [cluster 10] NPM1-mutant [clusters 12, 13, 14 and 16] and 11q23 abnormalities [cluster 11]. Enrichment for cases harboring a specific molecular lesion within a given cluster was determined using Fisher's exact test (p<0.01). Additionally, 5 new AML subtypes were defined based on epigenetic profiling alone and had no other clinical or molecular feature in common. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significant difference in overall survival (OS) between these novel AML subtypes: 2-year OS±SE; 58.8%±8.4% and 45.2%±8.9% for clusters 5 and 7, respectively, vs. 23.6%±5.7%, 26.4%±9.2% and 33.3%±13.6%, for clusters 2, 8 and 15, respectively (log rank test, p=0.04). After adjustment for age, cytogenetic risk, NPM1 and FLT3-ITD status in a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model including all the clusters with ≥ 10 patients, 4 of these 5 novel clusters presented a statistically significant increased hazard ratio compared to the favorable risk inv(16) cluster. In contrast, the clinical outcomes of patients in cluster 5 were not significantly different from favorable risk patients with inv(16). In order to identify the genes affected by aberrant DNA methylation for each cluster, we performed a supervised analysis comparing each of the 16 clusters to normal CD34+ bone marrow progenitors (n=8) using ANOVA followed by Dunnet post hoc test, and selected genes with adjusted p values <0.05 and a methylation change >30%. The DNA methylation signatures of each cluster featured involvement of distinct gene networks and DNA regulatory elements, and displayed distinct degrees of hyper or hypomethylation with respect to normal CD34+ bone marrow cells. Of note, in spite of the variation in methylation across the 16 clusters, we identified a set of 45 genes that were almost universally aberrantly methylated (in >70% cases and present in at least 10/16 cluster signatures). This common epigenetic signature included the tumor suppressor PDZD2, the nuclear import proteins IPO8 and TNPO3, PIAS2, a regulator of MAP kinase signaling, CDK8, and CSDA, a regulator of CSF2. Gene expression profiling of the same patients indicated that at least 50% of these genes were also aberrantly silenced compared to normal CD34+ cells. Finally, we randomly divided the 344-patient cohort into a training group of 200 patients, a test group (n=95) and an independent validation group (n=49), and using the Supervised Principal Components algorithm identified a 15-gene methylation classifier that was predictive of OS (p<0.009) and event free survival (p<0.013). Furthermore, after adjustment for age, cytogenetic risk, NPM1, FLT3 and CEBPA status in a multivariate analysis, this classifier remained an independent risk factor for OS (Hazard ratio 1.29, 95% CI: 1.11-1.49; p<0.001). In summary, we have i) demonstrated that unique and distinct DNA methylation patterns characterize distinct forms of AML; ii) identified novel, epigenetically defined subgroups of AML with distinct clinical behavior; iii) revealed the presence of a consistently aberrantly methylated signature across AML subtypes, with confirmed silencing of the genes involved; and iv) report a 15-gene methylation classifier predictive of OS, and confirmed as an independent risk factor when adjusted for known AML covariates. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Should all patients with hypertension be worried about developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)?

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Ali Sheikh Beig Goharrizi ◽  
Mansour Bahardoust ◽  
Akbar Ghorbani Alvanegh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Ataee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Hospitalization Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Abstract Background Hypertension, the most common comorbidity among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, is accompanied by worse clinical outcomes, but there is lack of evidence about prognostic factors among COVID-19 patients with hypertension. We have come up with some prognostic factors to predict the severity of COVID-19 among hypertensive patients. In addition, epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory differences among COVID-19 patients with and without underlying hypertension were evaluated. Methods Medical profiles of 598 COVID-19 cases were analyzed. Patients were divided into two comparative groups according to their positive or negative history of hypertension. Then, epidemiologic, clinical, laboratory and radiological features and also clinical outcomes were compared. Results 176 (29.4%) patients had underlying hypertension. Diabetes was significantly higher in hypertensive group [72 (40.9%) vs 76 (18%)] (P-value: 0.001). Cardiovascular and renal disorders were significantly higher in hypertensive patients. (P-value: 0.001 and 0.013 respectively). In COVID-19 patients with hypertension, severe/critical types were significantly higher. [42(23.8%) vs. 41(9.7%)], (P-value: 0.012). In the logistic regression model, Body mass index > 25 (ORAdj: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2 to 2.42; P-value: 0.027), age over 60 (ORAdj: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.42; P-value: 0.021), increased hospitalization period (ORAdj: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.24 to 2.97; P-value: 0.013), type 2 diabetes (ORAdj: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.15 to 3.31; P-value: 0.001) and chronic kidney disease (ORAdj: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.21; P-value: 0.013) were related with progression of COVID-19. Conclusion Hypertensive patients with Age > 60-year-old, BMI > 25 Kg/m2, CVD, diabetes and chronic kidney disease are associated with poor outcomes in those with COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and outcomes of Langerhans cell histiocytosis at a single institution in Thailand: a 20-year retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-181
Author(s):  
Ponrachet Kitticharoenjit ◽  
Nucharin Supakul ◽  
Piya Rujkijyanont ◽  
Chanchai Traivaree ◽  
Apichat Photia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Langerhans Cell ◽  
Organ Involvement ◽  
Bone Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Conjugated Hyperbilirubinemia

Abstract Background Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease characterized by the various systems involved and clinical manifestations with a wide range of symptoms. Objectives To describe clinical characteristics, imaging, treatment, and outcomes of pediatric LCH at Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Methods We conducted a 20-year retrospective review of the medical records of patients diagnosed with LCH from birth to 21 years old from January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2016. Results In all, 14 patients with median age of 2.5 years were studied. Six (43%) patients had single-system (SS) LCH. Five patients (63%) with multisystem (MS) LCH (n = 8. 57%) had risk-organ involvement (RO+). All patients had plain X-ray imaging of their skull with 11 (79%) showing abnormal findings. Tc-99m bone imaging and fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)-computed tomography (CT) demonstrated abnormal findings in 8 (89%) and 4 (29%) patients, respectively. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) for patients with RO+ MS-LCH was less than that for those without risk-organ involvement (RO−) MS-LCH and SS-LCH (20% vs. 100%, P = 0.005). Hematological dysfunction, hypoalbuminemia, and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia may be worse prognostic factors for RO+ MS-LCH. Conclusion FDG-PET-CT might have a greater accuracy to detect LCH disease than conventional plain X-ray and Tc-99m bone imaging. RO+ MS-LCH has been encountered with relapse and poor outcomes. Hematopoietic involvement, hypoalbuminemia, and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia may be worse prognostic factors for RO+ MS-LCH.

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