scholarly journals A comparative study on properieties of hydroxyapatite prepared from bovine and dromedary bone

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
amina ghedjemis ◽  
Riad ayech ◽  
Ali BENOUADAH
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Chemical Techniques ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Additional Phase

Abstract The recovery of agro-food waste is at the heart of the challenges of the 21st century, in this context that this research work comes. A biomaterial is prepared from a significant resource such as dromedary bone and bovine bone by heat treatment at different temperatures and characterized by physico-chemical techniques in order to have the effect of bone type on the physico-chemical properties of hydroxyapatite. The results of FTIR and DRX show the removal of all organic matter and the production of pure hydroxyapatite without any additional phase for both bone types. Analyzes by SEM and laser particle size analyzer show that the particle size of hydroxyapatite is increased with increasing temperature. From the results of XRF, bone type is a direct effect on the concentration of hydroxyapatite compounds in hydroxyapatite prepared from dromedary bone compared to hydroxyapatite prepared from bovine bone.

scholarly journals Effect of Particle Size on Physico-Chemical and Antioxidant Activity of Insoluble Dietary Fiber Powder from Corncob (Zea mays L.)

2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-330
Author(s):  
Edi Suryanto ◽  
Mercy R.I. Taroreh
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Powder Particle Size ◽  
Insoluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer

Effects of particles size of dietary fiber powder on the physico-chemical properties and antioxidant activity of corncob were investigated. Corncob was grounded in a regularly mill and grinding characteristics and the particles size were evaluated by particle size analyzer (PSA) using laser diffraction method and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The results showed that the insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) powder from corncob had the highest crude fiber content (32.31%) and carbohydrates (55.07%). Spectral analysis shows that the IDF matrix structure does not change after grinding and has three characteristics of absorption spectra at 3433-3425 cm-1 (O-H); 2920 cm-1 (C-H) and 1635 cm-1 (aromatic) in presence of the special structures of polysaccharide and lignin compounds. Particle size analyzer (PSA) results showed that the size of IDF 200 mesh and 80 mesh powder were 63.13 and 260.89 μm, respectively. The insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) significantly shows a decrease in dietary fiber content in line with the reduction in particle size. The IDF powder with a particle size of 63.13 μm showed that highest total phenolic content accompanied with the best antioxidant activity through all antioxidant assays (p < 0.05). This study concluded that the IDF micro-powder particle size exerted influence on physico-chemical properties, dietary fiber, total phenolic and antioxidant activity.

Astaxanthin–garlic oil nanoemulsions preparation using spontaneous microemulsification technique: optimization and their physico–chemical properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedalireza Mortazavi Tabrizi ◽  
Afshin Javadi ◽  
Navideh Anarjan ◽  
Seyyed Javid Mortazavi Tabrizi ◽  
Hamid Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Polydispersity Index ◽  
Garlic Oil ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Minimum Particle Size ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Technique Optimization

AbstractGarlic oil in water nanoemulsion was resulted through subcritical water method (temperature of 120 °C and pressure of 1.5 bar, for 2 h), using aponin, as emulsifier. Based on the prepared garlic oil nanoemulsion, astaxanthin–garlic oil nanoemulsions were prepared using spontaneous microemulsification technique. Response surface methodology was employed to evaluate the effects of independent variables namely, amount of garlic oil nanoemulsion (1–9 mL) and amount of provided astaxanthin powder (1–9 g) on particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) of the resulted nanoemulsions. Results of optimization indicated that well dispersed and spherical nanodroplets were formed in the nanoemulsions with minimum particle size (76 nm) and polydispersity index (PDI, 0.358) and maximum zeta potential value (−8.01 mV), using garlic oil nanoemulsion amount of 8.27 mL and 4.15 g of astaxanthin powder. Strong antioxidant activity (>100%) of the prepared astaxanthin–garlic oil nanoemulsion, using obtained optimum amounts of the components, could be related to the highest antioxidant activity of the colloidal astaxanthin (>100%) as compared to that of the garlic oil nanoemulsion (16.4%). However, higher bactericidal activity of the resulted nanoemulsion against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, were related to the main sulfur bioactive components of the garlic oil in which their main functional groups were detected by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy.

Preparation of Ginger Oil in Water Nanoemulsion Using Phase Inversion Composition Technique: Effects of Stirring and Water Addition Rates on their Physico-Chemical Properties and Stability

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Farshbaf-Sadigh ◽  
Hoda Jafarizadeh-Malmiri ◽  
Navideh Anarjan ◽  
Yahya Najian
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Addition ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Stirring Rate ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Addition Rate

Abstract Ginger oil in water (O/W) nanoemulsions, were produced using phase inversion composition method and Tween 80, as emulsifier. Effects of processing parameters namely, stirring rate (100 to1000 rpm) and water addition rate (1–10 mL/min) were evaluated on the physico-chemical, morphological, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the prepared O/W nanoemulsions using response surface methodology (RSM). Results indicated that well dispersed and spherical ginger nanodroplets were formed in the nanoemulsions with minimum particle size (8.80 nm) and polydispersity index (PDI, 0.285) and maximum zeta potential value (−9.15 mV), using stirring rate and water addition rate of 736 rpm and 8.18 mL/min, respectively. Insignificant differences between predicted and experimental values of the response variables, indicated suitability of fitted models using RSM. Mean particle size of the prepared nanoemulsion using optimum conditions were changed from 8.81 ± 1 to 9.80 ± 1 nm, during 4 weeks of storage, which revealed high stability of the resulted ginger O/W nanoemulsion. High antioxidant activity (55.4%), bactericidal (against Streptococcus mutans) and fungicidal (against Aspergillus niger) activities of the prepared nanoemulsion could be related to the presence of gingerols and shogaols, a group of phenolic alkanones, in the ginger oil, which those were detected by gas chromatography method.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Wave Velocity-Permeability Model for Granite Subjected to Different Temperature Processing

Geofluids ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanghui Jiang ◽  
Jianping Zuo ◽  
Teng Ma ◽  
Xu Wei
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pore Fluid ◽  
Rock Matrix ◽  
Permeability Model ◽  
Wave Velocities ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Understanding the change of permeability of rocks before and after heating is of great significance for exploitation of hydrocarbon resources and disposal of nuclear waste. The rock permeability under high temperature cannot be measured with most of the existing methods. In this paper, quality, wave velocity, and permeability of granite specimen from Maluanshan tunnel are measured after high temperature processing. Quality and wave velocity of granite decrease and permeability of granite increases with increasing temperature. Using porosity as the medium, a new wave velocity-permeability model is established with modified wave velocity-porosity formula and Kozeny-Carman formula. Under some given wave velocities and corresponding permeabilities through experiment, the permeabilities at different temperatures and wave velocities can be obtained. By comparing the experimental and the theoretical results, the proposed formulas are verified. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is performed to examine the effect of particle size, wave velocities in rock matrix, and pore fluid on permeability: permeability increases with increasing particle size, wave velocities in rock matrix, and pore fluid; the higher the rock wave velocity, the lower the effect of wave velocities in rock matrix and pore fluid on permeability.

Microbe Associated Phytoremediation Technology for Management of Oil Sludge

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Monika Chandrabhan Dhote
Keyword(s):  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Oil Sludge ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Petroleum Refineries ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

Environmental contamination due to petroleum compounds is a serious global issue. Oil /petroleum refineries produce huge amount of oil sludge during drilling, storage, transport, refining which spoil soil and ground water resources. Such activities release different compounds viz. alkane, mono- polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), asphaltene, resins and heavy metals. Due to physico-chemical properties, PAHs are one of most targeted compounds as they are highly persistent, carcinogenic, and have mutagenic effects on ecosystem. Such problems of PAHs drag researcher's attention to find some reliable and cost effective solution for oil sludge disposal management. Since last few decades, extensive research work has been carried out on various methods for treatment of oil sludge. In recent years, microbial assisted phytoremediation treatment technologies are being studied since these are reliable and cost effective for field applications. Here, we have discussed about combined eco-friendly technology of plant and microbe(s) to treat oil sludge for its better management.

scholarly journals Recovery of Cerium from Glass Polishing Waste: A Critical Review

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenna Borra ◽  
Thijs Vlugt ◽  
Yongxiang Yang ◽  
S. Offerman
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Leach Solution ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Efficient Utilization ◽  
Selective Precipitation ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Glass Polishing

Ceria is the main component in glass polishing powders due to its special physico-chemical properties. Glass polishing powder loses its polishing ability gradually during usage due to the accumulation of other compounds on the polishing powder or due to changes in the particle size distribution. The recovery of cerium from the glass polishing waste results in the efficient utilization of natural resources. This paper reviews processes for the recovery of rare earths from polishing waste. Glass polishing powder waste can be reused via physical, physico-chemical or chemical processes by removing silica and/or alumina. The removal of silica and/or alumina only improves the life span up to some extent. Therefore, removal of other elements by chemical processes is required to recover a cerium or cerium-rich product. However, cerium leaching from the polishing waste is challenging due to the difficulties associated with the dissolution of ceria. Therefore, high acid concentrations, high temperatures or costly reducing agents are required for cerium dissolution. After leaching, cerium can be extracted from the leach solution by solvent extraction or selective precipitation. The product can be used either in glass polishing again or other high value added applications.

scholarly journals Effect of Ca(OH)2 and Heat Treatment on The Physico-Chemical Properties of Bovine Bone Powder; a Material Useful for Medical, Catalytic, and Environmental Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Naseer Ahmed KHAN ◽  
Mukhtiar AHMED ◽  
Naveed ul Hasan SYED ◽  
Matthew DREWERY
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Bone Powder ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Oily Liquid

In this study the authors investigated the effect of alkali (Ca(OH)2) and heat treatment on the physico-chemical properties of bovine bone powder. For this purpose, raw and alkali treated samples were heated separately at temperatures of 400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C, and 1000 °C. A combination of characterization techniques, such as TGA, XRD, N2-adsorbtion isotherms, and EDX were used. It was found that the boiling of cleaned solid pieces of bones in 2 molar Ca(OH)2 solution results in a mass loss of about 10 % (mainly discards oily liquid). TGA analysis affirms that the hydrocarbons of bone matrix are partially extractable (~ 10 %) in the boiling alkaline solution. The color of raw and treated bone samples remained similar, that is changing from yellowish white to grayish black before turning into white over temperatures ranging from 30 °C (room temperature), 400 – 600 °C, and 800 – 1000 °C, respectively. Moreover, XRD signatures were also comparable at unified temperature ranges, however, it was noted that carbonization due to heating engenders a significant change in the intensities of the x-ray reflections. Despite of having similarities, surface area of raw and treated bones at 400 °C, 600 °C and 800 °C were found to be different, indicative of a chemical interactions of calcium ions with bone. Quite interestingly, TGA, XRD, and N2-adsorbtion isotherms support the argument that a limited amount of calcium ions diffuses into the vacancies or interstitial sites of bone lattice. Furthermore, EDX analysis of the samples calcined at 1000 °C confirms that the Ca(OH)2 treatment increases the total calcium content of hydroxylapatite (inorganic part of bone matrix).

scholarly journals Optimization of Electrolysis Parameters for Green Sanitation Chemicals Production Using Response Surface Methodology

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 792
Author(s):  
Nurul Izzah Khalid ◽  
Nurul Shaqirah Sulaiman ◽  
Norashikin Ab Aziz ◽  
Farah Saleena Taip ◽  
Shafreeza Sobri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Electrolyzed Water ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Electrolyzed water (EW) shows great potential as a green and economical sanitation solution for the food industry. However, only limited studies have investigated the optimum electrolysis parameters and the bactericidal effect of acidic electrolyzed water (AcEW) and alkaline electrolyzed water (AlEW). Here, the Box–Behnken experimental design was used to identify the optimum parameters. The tests were conducted with different types of electrodes, electrical voltages, electrolysis times, and NaCl concentrations. There were no obvious differences observed in the physico-chemical properties of EW when different electrodes were used. However, stainless steel was chosen as it meets most of the selection criteria. The best-optimized conditions for AcEW were at 11.39 V, 0.65 wt.% NaCl, and 7.23 min, while the best-optimized conditions for AlEW were at 10.32 V, 0.6 wt.% NaCl, and 7.49 min. The performance of the optimum EW (AcEW and AlEW) compared with commercial cleaning detergents for the food industry was then evaluated. The bactericidal activity of AcEW and AlEW was examined against Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 at different temperatures (30 °C and 50 °C) for 30 s. The results show that both AcEW and AlEW have the ability to reduce the Escherichia coli to non-detectable levels (less than 2 log CFU/mL).

scholarly journals Biosynthetic potential assessment of four food pathogenic bacteria in hydrothermally silver nanoparticles fabrication

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 629-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Rahimirad ◽  
Afshin Javadi ◽  
Hamid Mirzaei ◽  
Navideh Anarjan ◽  
Hoda Jafarizadeh-Malmiri
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Minimum Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer

Abstract Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesized using four pathogenic bacterial extracts namely, Bacillus cereus, E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella entericasubsp.enterica. Synthesis process were hydrothermally accelerated using temperature, pressure and heating time of 121°C, 1.5 bar ad 15 min. Physico- chemical characteristics of the fabricated Ag NPs, including, particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, broad emission peak (λmax) and concentration were evaluated using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and dynamic light scattering (DLS) particle size analyzer. Furthermore, main existed functional groups in the provided bacterial extracts were recognized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The obtained results revealed that two main peaks were detected around 3453 and 1636.5 cm-1, for all bacterial extracts, were interrelated to the stretching vibrations of hydroxyl and amide groups which those had key roles in the reduction of ions and stabilizing of the formed Ag NPs. The results also indicated that, Ag NPs with much desirable characteristics, including minimum particle size (25.62 nm) and PDI (0.381), and maximum zeta potential (-29.5 mV) were synthesized using S. e. subsp. enterica extract. λmax, absorbance and concentration values for the fabricated Ag NPs with this bacterial extract were 400 nm, 0.202% a.u. and 5.87 ppm.

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