Predictive factors of COVID-19 pneumonia: a retrospective cross-sectional survey in a Japanese university hospital

Abstract BackgroundThe predictive factors of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia, including clinical parameters with symptoms, vital signs, and laboratory data, have not been compared directly between cases with and without complicated pneumonia. AimsWe aimed to identify predictive factors for COVID-19 patients with complicated pneumonia, and determine which COVID-19 patients should undergo computed tomography (CT). MethodsThis retrospective cross-sectional survey was conducted at the Juntendo University Nerima Hospital in Tokyo, Japan. We recruited patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between 1 January and 31 December 2020 and all patients underwent blood tests and CT. Clinical information, including vital signs, symptoms, laboratory results, and CT findings, were extracted from medical charts. Factors potentially predicting COVID-19 pneumonia were analysed using Student’s t -test or the chi-squared test, and variables with a p- value of < 0.05 in the bi-variate analysis were entered into multivariate logistic regression models. ResultsAmong 221 included patients (119 males [53.8%]; mean age, 54.59 ± 18.61 years), 160 (72.4%) had pneumonia. The significant factors in the multi-variate analysis were the lactate dehydrogenase (odds ratio [OR], 3.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.47–7.95; p < 0.01) and C-reactive protein (OR, 3.94; 95% CI, 1.05–14.80; p = 0.04) levels. No significant differences were observed in vital signs and the symptoms. ConclusionLDH and CRP level of > 220 IU/L and > 3.0 mg/dL, respectively, are independent risk factors for COVID-19 pneumonia. The present results are extremely useful for deciding whether to perform CT among COVID-19 patients.

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Bacteraemia predictive factors among general medical inpatients: a retrospective cross-sectional survey in a Japanese university hospital

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010527 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. e010527 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sayato Fukui ◽

Yuki Uehara ◽

Kazutoshi Fujibayashi ◽

Osamu Takahashi ◽

Teruhiko Hisaoka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Predictive Factors ◽

University Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Japanese University ◽

Medical Inpatients

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Perceptions and Attitudes about the Concept and Approach of Palliative Care among Carer’s and Family Members of Patients on End-of-Life Care: A Cross-sectional Survey

10.21203/rs.2.16031/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sameena Shah ◽

Faizan Qaisar ◽

Iqbal Azam ◽

Khairunnisa Mansoor

Keyword(s):

Palliative Care ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Education Level ◽

Social Needs ◽

University Hospital ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Correct Knowledge ◽

Care Givers

Abstract BACKGROUND It is necessary to assess carer's understanding of palliative care. The objectives of this study were to ascertain the attitudes and perceptions about the concept and components of palliative care. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Data was collected from the Aga Khan University Hospital in-patient and out-patient departments and home-based palliative care services from mid 2015 to 2016. All adult care-givers who met the inclusion criteria and gave informed consent were approached by trained data collectors till the sample size was reached.Univariate and multivariable analysis and results were reported as crude prevalence’s, crude and adjusted prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals using Cox-proportional hazard algorithm. Mean difference of knowledge and attitude scores by care giver variables was assessed using one-way ANOVA. SPSS version 18 was used and a p-value of less than 5 percent was treated as significant. RESULTS Out of 250 care givers more than 60% were 40 years or less and the majority were males. Majority were at least graduates. Approximately 70% of the respondents agreed with the opinion that the person suffering from cancer should be informed about the diagnosis and disease progression. About forty five percent (95% C.I.: 39.03%, 51.37%) of the study respondents had correct knowledge about palliative care. Age and relationship with patient had the most variation in response in terms of significance. CONCLUSION Young individuals aged <40 years, with an education level of matric, children or relations of the patient were found to have significantly more and correct knowledge. The majority believed that the patient should be informed about the diagnosis and that patients should be encouraged to carry out routine activities and be facilitated to fulfill their wishes. Two foundational aspects showed a consistently good understanding and therefore correct knowledge across age groups, gender, education level, and relationship with the patient. Firstly, that palliative care should be offered to everyone suffering from an incurable disease and, secondly, that this approach encompasses not just physical, but also psychological and social needs of the patient, in addition to the needs of the family caring for the patient.

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Knowledge, Misconceptions and Attitudes towards Labor Regional Analgesia in a University Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study

Research in Health Science ◽

10.22158/rhs.v4n3p167 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. p167

Author(s):

Walid Samarah ◽

Isam Bsisu ◽

Qusai Al-Masad ◽

Bushra Maaqbeh ◽

Leen Younis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

P Value ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Regional Analgesia ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Educational Levels ◽

Multiparous Women ◽

Higher Educational

Background: Pain relief in labor is considered an important concern in the management of pregnant females in childbirth. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and attitudes of Jordanian females towards various regional analgesic techniques. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey on 652 Jordanian women with a mean age of 32.9 (±8.17). Data collection took place at the gynecological and obstetrics clinics between December, 2017 and September, 2018. Results: Subjects with higher educational levels tend to have better knowledge about regional analgesia (p-value = 0.003), are less likely to ask for general anesthesia (GA) (p < 0.001), and have more previous regional analgesia 47.9% (p < 0.001). Moreover, multiparous women had better knowledge about regional analgesia and higher tendency to ask for it as an efficacious analgesic method during delivery (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, even though higher educational levels and multiparty were significantly associated with better knowledge and acceptance rate of regional analgesia, sources of information about regional analgesia plays an important role, emphasizing on the significant role of anesthesiologists and obstetricians in increasing the awareness levels in our society.

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Perceptions and Attitudes towards the Concept and Approach of Palliative Care among Caregiver's of Patients on End-of-Life Care: A Cross-sectional Survey

10.21203/rs.2.16031/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sameena Shah ◽

Faizan Qaisar ◽

Iqbal Azam ◽

Khairunnisa Mansoor

Keyword(s):

Palliative Care ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Education Level ◽

Social Needs ◽

University Hospital ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Adult Care ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Givers

Abstract BACKGROUND As care-giver’splay an integral role for patients as disease progresses, it is necessary to assess their knowledge and understanding of palliative care to ensure meaningful uptake before developing an appropriate palliative care program.METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Data was collected from the Aga Khan University Hospital in-patient and out-patient departments and home-based palliative care services from mid 2015 to 2016. All adult care-giver’swho met the inclusion criteria and consented completed a questionnaire till the sample size was reached.Univariate and multivariable analysis and results were reported as crude prevalence’s, crude and adjusted prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals using Cox-proportional hazard algorithm. Mean difference of knowledge and attitude scores by care-giver variables was assessed using one-way ANOVA. SPSS version 18 was used and a p-value of less than 5 percent was treated as significant.RESULTS Out of 250 care givers more than 60% were 40 years or less and the majority were males and at least graduates. Approximately 70% of the respondents agreed with the opinion that the person suffering from cancer should be informed about the diagnosis and disease progression. About forty five percent (95% C.I.: 39.03%, 51.37%) of the study respondents had enhanced understandingabout palliative care. Individuals aged <40 years, with an education level of Grade 10, children or relations of the patient were found to have significantly more knowledge and understanding about palliative care. The majority believed that the patient should be informed about the diagnosis and should be facilitated to carry out routine activities and fulfill wishes.CONCLUSION Nearly half of care giver’s of patients affected by incurable conditions have enhanced understanding of the PC approach.Two foundational aspects showed a consistently enhanced understanding across age groups, gender, education level, and relationship with the patient. Firstly, that palliative care should be offered to everyone suffering from an incurable disease and, secondly, that this approach encompasses not just physical, but also psychological and social needs of the patient and the family. These findings should help inform the establishment of a palliative care program that fills the gaps in knowledge and understanding of this beneficial approach in care givers.

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The Perceptions of Roles and Understanding about Forensic Evidence and Crime Scene Preservation of Thai Paramedics

Siriraj Medical Journal ◽

10.33192/smj.2021.85 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 73 (10) ◽

pp. 661-671

Author(s):

Thongpitak Huabbangyang ◽

Narong Kulnides

Keyword(s):

Life Support ◽

Guideline Development ◽

Crime Scene ◽

University Hospital ◽

Average Score ◽

P Value ◽

Hospital Level ◽

Forensic Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Paramedicine is a new profession in Thailand. The most important role is to provide pre-hospital advanced life support for emergency patients. So, they often need to assist the injured at crime scenes. However, many do not know their role or how to preserve the forensic evidence and crime scene. Currently in Thailand, their role in forensic evidence and crime scene preservation (FECSP) is unclear. Hence, the management of the evidence and the crime scene depends on individual knowledge and experience. Objectives: 1. To study the perceptions of roles and understanding of FECSP of Thai paramedics. 2. To study the problems, obstacles, and solutions for development of Thai paramedics FECSP practices. 3. To study the factors affecting the perceptions of roles and understanding of FECSP in Thai paramedics.Method: Thai paramedics data over the country registered with National Institute for Emergency Medicine (NIEMS) during 1st March – 31st March 2021 was collected in this cross-sectional survey. The questionnaires were sent as Google forms to them by e-mail. Results: 382 questionnaires were sent, and 281 responses (74%) were obtained. Most were female (61.9%). The average age was 26.09±4.44 years. The most common crime scene experienced was traffic accidents. Most had never had additional training related to forensic science. The perceptions of roles and understanding about FECSP were at the highest level. The most common problem and hindrance about FECSP was no FECSP law and the most common solution for improvement of the FECSP was the standard FECSP guideline development. Hospital level was found to be a factor related to the perceptions of roles of FECSP in Thai paramedics. Average score of a cohort who worked at university hospital was higher than those working at tertiary hospitals 0.220 (B = -0.220 , p-value = 0.018). Additionally, hospital level was also a factor concerning the understanding about FECSP of Thai paramedics. The average score of cohorts who worked at university hospitals was greater than those working in primary or secondary hospitals 0.197 (B = -0.197, p-value = 0.022). Conclusion: The paramedics had the perception of the roles and understanding about FECSP at the highest level. Hospital level was a significant factor related to the perception of the roles and understanding about FECSP. Relevant health institutes should develop standard guidelines and promote FECSP training.

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e-Learning: Practices Among Undergraduates of a Medical College of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry ◽

10.36283/pjmd9-4/018 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Medical Students ◽

Background Information ◽

P Value ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Learning Practices ◽

E Learning

Background: Information technology (IT) is a new way of teaching and learning. One of the promising media of information technology is e-Learning, which is used to enhance knowledge and skills among users. A student gains better and deep knowledge through a useful tool. This survey aimed to determine practices among medical students for e-Learning. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 184 students amongst the 500 students currently enrolled in medical college. Data was collected using questionnaires and were analyzed through SPSS version 22. Chi-square was used for qualitative values. Results: Majority 90.80% (n=167) students were aware of e-Learning and were statistically high in ﬁrst year students (p-value: 0.018). The student did not show statistically signiﬁcant results for content learned through e-Learning with a p-value of 0.063. Different resources were used for e-Learning in which videos had the highest percentage (87.60%) and audios were used as the least resource for e-Learning (29.20%). Daily, 56% of the students use e-Learning for 1 hour or less and only 3% of the students used it for more than 4 hours. Conclusion: Majority of undergraduate medical students were aware of the use of e-Learning and most of them preferred e-Learning for their course work and studies showing a signiﬁcant increase in understanding and use, compared to studies conducted earlier. Participants found e-Learning useful and effective tool in increasing knowledge and understanding of their subject. Keywords: e-Learning; Practices; Students.

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Cervical Cancer: Assessment of Its Knowledge, Utilization of Services and Its Determinant Among Female Undergraduate Students in a Low Resource Setting

International Quarterly of Community Health Education ◽

10.1177/0272684x211006608 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0272684X2110066

Author(s):

Chidebe Christian Anikwe ◽

Philip Chidubem Osuagwu ◽

Cyril Chijioke Ikeoha ◽

Okechukwu B Ikechukwu Dimejesi ◽

Bartholomew Chukwunonye Okorochukwu

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cervical Cancer Screening ◽

Pap Smear ◽

Health Workers ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Resource Setting ◽

Study Population

Background Cervical cancer is a preventable disease that contributes significantly to the death of women. This study is aimed at determining the level of knowledge and utilization of cervical cancer screening and its determinants among female undergraduates of Ebonyi State University. Methods A structured questionnaire was used for a cross-sectional survey of the study population between January 1 and March 3, 2018. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 20. Data were represented with frequency table, simple percentage, mode, range, Chi square and pie chart. The level of significance is at P-value < 0.05. Results Majority (74.8%) of the respondents were aware of cervical cancer and it could be prevented (70.8%). More than three-fifths (68.30%) were informed via health workers, and 86.8% were aware that post-coital vaginal bleeding is a symptom. Less than half (49.8%) knew that HPV is the primary cause, and only 32.9% were aware of the HPV vaccine. One-quarter of the respondent were aware that early coitarche is a risk factor for cervical cancer. Only 41.8% of the women were aware of Pap smear, 9.2% had undergone screening, and 97.6% were willing to be screened. Marital status was the significant determinant of being screened while class level did not significantly influence uptake of cervical cancer screening. The most common reason (20.6%) for not being screened was lack of awareness of the test. Conclusion Our study population had a good knowledge of cervical cancer, but utilization of cervical cancer screening was poor. Awareness creation through the mass media and provision of affordable screening services can promote the use of cervical cancer screening in the study area.

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Burnout of Healthcare Workers amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Japanese Cross-Sectional Survey

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18052434 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 2434

Author(s):

Yoshito Nishimura ◽

Tomoko Miyoshi ◽

Hideharu Hagiya ◽

Yoshinori Kosaki ◽

Fumio Otsuka

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Healthcare Delivery ◽

General Medicine ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

University Hospital ◽

Survey Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Past

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic has drastically changed how we live and work. Amid the prolonged pandemic, burnout of the frontline healthcare professionals has become a significant concern. We conducted a cross-sectional survey study to provide data about the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and the prevalence of burnout in healthcare professionals in Japan. Healthcare workers in a single Japanese national university hospital participated in the survey, including basic demographics, whether a participant engaged in care of COVID-19 patients in the past 2 weeks and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Of those, 25.4% fully answered the survey; 33.3% were doctors and 63.6% were nurses, and 36.3% engaged in care of COVID-19 patients in the past 2 weeks. Compared to those belonging to General Medicine, those in Emergency Intensive Care Unit were at higher risk of burnout (odds ratio (OR), 6.7; 95% CI, 1.1–42.1; p = 0.031). Of those who engaged in care of COVID-19 patients, 50% reported burnout while 6.1% did not (OR 8.5, 95% CI; 1.3–54.1; p = 0.014). The burnout of healthcare workers is a significant concern amid the pandemic, which needs to be addressed for sustainable healthcare delivery.

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Acute food insecurity and short-term coping strategies of urban and rural households of Bangladesh during the lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic of 2020: report of a cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043365 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e043365

Author(s):

Subhasish Das ◽

Md. Golam Rasul ◽

Md Shabab Hossain ◽

Ar-Rafi Khan ◽

Md Ashraful Alam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Insecurity ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Rural Households ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Food Insecure Households

IntroductionWe conducted a cross-sectional survey to assess the extent and to identify the determinants of food insecurity and coping strategies in urban and rural households of Bangladesh during the month-long, COVID-19 lockdown period.SettingSelected urban and rural areas of Bangladesh.Participants106 urban and 106 rural households.Outcome variables and methodHousehold food insecurity status and the types of coping strategies were the outcome variables for the analyses. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were done to identify the determinants.ResultsWe found that around 90% of the households were suffering from different grades of food insecurity. Severe food insecurity was higher in urban (42%) than rural (15%) households. The rural households with mild/moderate food insecurity adopted either financial (27%) or both financial and food compromised (32%) coping strategies, but 61% of urban mild/moderate food insecure households applied both forms of coping strategies. Similarly, nearly 90% of severely food insecure households implemented both types of coping strategies. Living in poorest households was significantly associated (p value <0.05) with mild/moderate (regression coefficient, β: 15.13, 95% CI 14.43 to 15.82), and severe food insecurity (β: 16.28, 95% CI 15.58 to 16.97). The statistically significant (p <0.05) determinants of both food compromised and financial coping strategies were living in urban areas (β: 1.8, 95% CI 0.44 to 3.09), living in poorest (β: 2.7, 95% CI 1 to 4.45), poorer (β: 2.6, 95% CI 0.75 to 4.4) and even in the richer (β: 1.6, 95% CI 0.2 to 2.9) households and age of the respondent (β: 0.1, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.21).ConclusionBoth urban and rural households suffered from moderate to severe food insecurity during the month-long lockdown period in Bangladesh. But, poorest, poorer and even the richer households adopted different coping strategies that might result in long-term economic and nutritional consequences.

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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Related to Malaria Diagnosis among Healthcare Workers in Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Journal of Tropical Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/1414079 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui ◽

Manas Kotepui ◽

Chuchard Punsawad

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Malaria Diagnosis ◽

Medical Emergency ◽

Medical Laboratory ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Malaria is a potential medical emergency and should be treated immediately because delays in diagnosis and treatment are the leading causes of death in many countries. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice related to malaria diagnosis for early detection among healthcare workers in the laboratories of hospitals in Thailand. The design of the study was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out between January 2016 and March 2017 at 11 hospitals in Thailand. The interviewees included any scientists who were currently working in a medical laboratory. Mean scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice for each healthcare group were calculated and compared between groups. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 11.5 software package (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Among a total of 118 healthcare workers, most of the healthcare workers had fair to good knowledge, attitude, and practice related to malaria detection. Among the various positions of healthcare workers, medical technologists possessed a greater knowledge on malaria detection than medical technician assistants or laboratory assistants (X2 = 9.822, d.f. = 2, and P value=0.007). This study infers that knowledge, attitude, and practice related to malaria detection among healthcare workers in laboratories were adequate. However, some points of knowledge and practice must be updated. There is a very urgent need to update knowledge on malaria, especially about the number of Plasmodium species causing relapse in malaria patients. In addition, there is an urgent need to update the practice related to malaria detection, especially about the staining process for early detection of malaria.

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