scholarly journals The Colonization of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE): Prevalence, Molecular Epidemiology, and Risk Factors in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units in Beijing.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyao Yan ◽  
Yuanhui He ◽  
Genjie Ruan ◽  
Feng Xue ◽  
Bo Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Glycopeptide Resistance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

Abstract Background: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), as an important nosocomial pathogens, can be carried in gut for a long period and its colonization status associated with the subsequent infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of intestinal VRE colonization and identify the risk factors associated with VRE carriage in intensive care patients.Methods: We conducted a 4-week cross-sectional study at six hospitals in Beijing, China. Patients admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) were screened for intestinal colonization of VRE every Tuesday morning. Rectal swabs were selectively cultured for VRE, then the identified strains were analyzed by PCR to detect the glycopeptide resistance gene and were characterized by MLST. Risk factors were recorded to assess their effect on VRE acquisition during ICUs stay.Results: Of 148 patients recruited, 46 (31.1%) were colonized with VRE, with the majority (n=42) being Enterococcus faecium. In total, 78.3% of the VRE were vanA positive and 15.2% vanM positive, while 6.5% undetected glycopeptide resistance gene. The predominant ST was ST78 (47.6%) followed by ST192 (14.3%), ST555 (9.5%), ST789 (9.5%), ST547 (4.8%), and ST922 (4.8%). Risk factors associated with VRE carriage were age of >65 years, a longer length of ICU stay, use of an endotracheal tube, and prior glycopeptides use.Conclusions: The overall incidence proportion of VRE colonization at ICUs was relatively high in Beijing, and clonal expansion and horizontal transmission of resistant genes were both found here. Routine screening is necessary to prevent the dissemination of VRE.

scholarly journals Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com sepse de foco abdominal

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Varjão Volpáti ◽  
Patricia Rezende Do Prado ◽  
Luís Eduardo Maggi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Terapia Intensiva

Objetivo: identificar o perfil epidemiológico, os fatores associados ao óbito e nortear as intervenções de enfermagem frente aos pacientes com sepse de foco abdominal. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, realizado com 40 pacientes internados em uma em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Realizou-se a associação com o óbito por meio dos testes de qui-quadrado de Pearson e exato de Fisher. Apresentaram-se os resultados em forma de tabelas. Resultados: registra-se que, dos 40 (100%) pacientes, 57,5% eram do sexo masculino, 67,5% tinham um diagnóstico inicial pertencente ao sistema gastrointestinal. Elencam-se as variáveis que apresentaram a associação com o óbito nesta UTI: idade maior a 60 anos, que, embora representasse apenas 22,5% da amostra, respondeu por, aproximadamente, 90% das mortes (p-valor 0,005) e pacientes que foram classificados com choque séptico, já que 56,7% dos 75% foram a óbito (p-valor 0,04). Conclusão: entende-se que os fatores de risco associados ao óbito nos pacientes com sepse de foco abdominal na UTI estão relacionados com idade maior a 60 anos e com choque séptico. Descritores: Sepse; Fatores de Risco; Mortalidade; Unidade de Terapia Intensiva; Enfermagem; Perfil Epidemiológico.Abstract Objective: to identify the epidemiological profile, the factors associated with death, and to guide nursing interventions in patients with sepsis of abdominal focus. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study of 40 patients hospitalized in one in an Intensive Care Unit. The association with death was performed using Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Results were presented in the form of tables. Results: it was recorded that of the 40 (100%) patients, 57.5% were male, 67.5% had an initial diagnosis belonging to the gastrointestinal system. The variables that showed association with death in this ICU were: age greater than 60 years, which, although representing only 22.5% of the sample, accounted for approximately 90% of the deaths (p-value 0.005) and patients which were classified as septic shock, since 56.7% of the 75% died (p-value 0.04). Conclusion: it is understood that the risk factors associated with death in patients with sepsis of abdominal focus in the ICU are related to age greater than 60 years and with septic shock. Descriptors: Sepsis; Risk Factors; Mortality; Intensive Care Unit; Nursing; Profile Epidemiological.Resumen Objetivo: identificar el perfil epidemiológico, los factores asociados al óbito y orientar las intervenciones de enfermería frente a los pacientes con sepsis de foco abdominal. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, realizado con 40 pacientes internados en una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva. Se realizó la asociación con el óbito por medio de las pruebas de chi-cuadrado de Pearson y exacto de Fisher. Se presentaron los resultados en forma de tablas. Resultados: se registra que, de los 40 (100%) pacientes, el 57,5% eran del sexo masculino, el 67,5% tenían un diagnóstico inicial perteneciente al sistema gastrointestinal. Se identifican las variables que presentaron la asociación con el óbito en esta UTI: edad mayor a 60 años, que, aunque representaba apenas el 22,5% de la muestra, respondió por aproximadamente el 90% de las muertes (p-valor 0,005) y pacientes que fueron clasificados con shock séptico, ya que el 56,7% del 75% fue la muerte (p-valor 0,04). Conclusión: se entiende que los factores de riesgo asociados al óbito en los pacientes con sepsis de foco abdominal en la UTI están relacionados con edad mayor a 60 años y con shock séptico. Descriptors: Sepsis; Factores de riesgo; Mortalidad; Intensive Care Unit; Enfermería; Perfil Epidemiológico.

Characteristics and risk factors associated with stroke subtypes among adult patients admitted to stroke unit of JUMC

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekalu Getachew Gebreegziabher ◽  
Tesema Etefa Birhanu ◽  
Diriba Dereje Olana ◽  
Behailu Terefe Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke Unit ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Stroke Subtypes

Background: Stroke is a great public health problem in Ethiopia. According to reports, in-hospital stroke mortality was estimated to be 14.7% in Ethiopia. Despite this, in this country researches done on factors associated with stroke sub-types were inadequate. Objective: To assess the Characteristics and risk factors associated with stroke sub-types among patients admitted to JUMC. Methods and materials: A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted from May 2017 to May 2018 in stroke unit of Jimma University Medical Center. A total of 106 medical charts of patients diagnosed with stroke were reviewed. Checklist comprising of relevant variables was used to collect data. SPSS version 21 was employed for data entry and analysis. Chi-square test was used to point-out association and difference among stroke sub-types. The data was presented using text, tables and figures. Result: From a total of 106 patients, 67(63.2%) were men. The mean ± SD of age was 52.67±12.46 years, and no significant association was found. Of all the patients, 59(55.6%) had ischemic strokes and 47(44.4%) had hemorrhagic strokes. The most common risk factor in the patients was alcohol use with a prevalence of 69.9%. Of all the risk factors, only sex, cigarettes smoking and dyslipidemia were significantly associated to sub-types of stroke. Conclusion: Ischemic stroke was the most common subtype of stroke. Sex of patient, cigarette smoking and dyslipidemia are significantly associated with the two stroke subtypes.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Inadequate Bowel Preparation for Screening Colonoscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2740
Author(s):  
Efrat L. Amitay ◽  
Tobias Niedermaier ◽  
Anton Gies ◽  
Michael Hoffmeister ◽  
Hermann Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bowel Preparation ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Screening Colonoscopy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Screening Practice ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Inadequate Bowel Preparation

The success of a colonoscopy in detecting and removing pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions depends heavily on the quality of bowel preparation. Despite efforts, 20–44% of colonoscopy participants have an inadequate bowel preparation. We aimed to assess and compare risk factors for inadequate bowel preparation and for the presence of advanced colorectal neoplasms in routine screening practice. In this cross-sectional study, among 8125 participants of screening colonoscopy in Germany with a comprehensive assessment of sociodemographic factors, lifestyle and medical history, we examined factors associated with inadequate bowel preparation and with findings of advanced neoplasms using adjusted log-binomial regression models. Among the identified risk factors assessed, three factors were identified that were significantly associated with inadequate bowel preparation: age ≥ 70 years (adjusted prevalence ratios, aPR, 1.50 95%CI 1.31–1.71), smoking (aPR 1.29 95%CI 1.11–1.50) and abdominal symptoms (aPR 1.14 95%CI 1.02–1.27). The same risk factors were also associated with the prevalence of advanced neoplasms in our study (aPR 1.72, 1.62 and 1.44, respectively). The risk factors associated with inadequate bowel preparation in this study were also associated with a higher risk for advanced neoplasms. Inadequate bowel preparation for colonoscopy might lead to missed colorectal cancer (CRC) precursors and the late diagnosis of CRC. People at high risk of advanced neoplasms are in particular need of enhanced bowel preparation.

Psychopathological Factors Associated With Burnout in Intensive Care Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 107839032199972
Author(s):  
Erman Yıldız
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Although previous studies have separately revealed that parameters such as anxiety, depression, and secondary traumatic stress (STS) are associated with burnout, there is still a limited understanding of the relationship between anxiety, depression, and STS and burnout in intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. AIMS: To investigate the relationship between levels of burnout, anxiety, depression, and STS in ICU nurses. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted with ICU nurses ( N = 164) from a university hospital in eastern Turkey. The participants completed the anxiety, depression, STS, and burnout scales along with the descriptive characteristics form. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean scores for STS, anxiety, depression, and burnout were 40.60 ± 13.77, 17.14 ± 12.90, 13.28 ± 9.75 and 41.39 ± 14.87, respectively. The results showed that, in the ICU nurses, anxiety, depression, and STS components explained 61% of emotional exhaustion, 38% of depersonalization, and 13% of personal accomplishment. CONCLUSIONS: While the present findings supported the paradigm that burnout in ICU nurses is associated with STS, anxiety, and depression, they also revealed some details about the psychopathological factors associated with burnout. These details were as follows: (1) individuals who resorted to avoidance as a component of STS on a high level were more likely to experience emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, (2) individuals with severe depressive symptoms were more likely to experience a decrease in their personal accomplishment, and (3) individuals with anxiety symptoms were more likely to experience both emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment.

scholarly journals Burnout Syndrome during Residency Training in Jordan: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1557
Author(s):  
Abdullah Nimer ◽  
Suzan Naser ◽  
Nesrin Sultan ◽  
Rawand Said Alasad ◽  
Alexander Rabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Resident Physicians ◽  
Healthcare Professions

Burnout syndrome is common among healthcare professions, including resident physicians. We aimed to assess the prevalence of burnout among resident physicians in Jordan, and a secondary aim was to evaluate the risk factors associated with the development of burnout syndrome in those residents, including gender, working hours, psychological distress, training sector, and specialty. In this cross-sectional study, 481 residents were recruited utilizing multistage stratified sampling to represent the four major health sectors in Jordan. Data were collected using an online questionnaire, where the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) was used to assess the prevalence of burnout. The prevalence, group differences, and predictors of burnout were statistically analyzed using STATA 15. Overall, 373 (77.5%) residents were found to have burnout. Factors associated with higher levels of burnout were psychological stress (β = 2.34, CI = [1.88–2.81]), longer working hours (β = 4.07, CI = [0.52–7.62], for 51–75 h a week, β = 7.27, CI = [2.86–11.69], for 76–100 h a week and β = 7.27, CI = [0.06–14.49], for >100 h a week), and obstetrics/gynecology residents (β = 9.66, CI = [3.59–15.73]). Conversely, medical sub-specialty residents, as well as private and university hospital residents, had lower burnout levels. We concluded that decreasing the workload on residents, offering psychological counseling, and promoting a safety culture for residents might help in mitigating burnout consequences.

scholarly journals A retrospective cross-sectional study for predicting 72-h mortality in patients with serum aspartate aminotransferase levels ≥ 3000 U/L

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Saito ◽  
Hitoshi Sugawara ◽  
Tamami Watanabe ◽  
Akira Ishii ◽  
Takahiko Fukuchi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
C Statistic ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase

AbstractRisk factors associated with 72-h mortality in patients with extremely high serum aspartate aminotransferase levels (AST; ≥ 3000 U/L) are unknown. This single-centre, retrospective, case-controlled, cross-sectional study obtained data from medical records of adult patients treated at Saitama Medical Center, Japan, from 2005 to 2019. We conducted a multivariate logistic after adjusting for age, sex, height, weight, body mass index, Brinkman Index, vital signs, biochemical values, updated Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score, CCI components, and underlying causes. A logistic regression model with selected validity risks and higher C-statistic for predicting 72-h mortality was established. During the 15-year period, 428 patients (133 non-survivors and 295 survivors [cases and controls by survival < 72 and ≥ 72 h, respectively]) with AST levels ≥ 3000 U/L were identified. The 72-h mortality rate was 133/428 (31.1%). The model used for predicting 72-h mortality through the assessment of alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, serum sodium, potassium, and phosphorus levels had a C-statistic value of 0.852 (sensitivity and specificity, 76.6%). The main independent risk factors associated with 72-h mortality among patients with AST levels ≥ 3000 U/L included higher serum values of alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, serum sodium, potassium, and phosphorus.

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