scholarly journals The Relationship Between Hedgehog-interacting Protein Levels and Obesity: A Case Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsuan-Wen Chou ◽  
Hao-Chang Hung ◽  
An-Chi Lin ◽  
Ching-Han Lin ◽  
Ye-Fong Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

Abstract Background Obesity is an independent risk factor for metabolic disorders including diabetes. The Hedgehog-interacting protein (Hhip) is a negative regulator in tissue remodeling, and inhibits the proliferation of adipocytes and promotes their differentiation. In addition, Hhip was positively associated with diabetes. However, relationship between Hhip and obesity in the human body remain unclear. Methods Participants receiving a physical checkup were recruited. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected. Serum Hhip levels were determined by ELISA. Subjects were classified into normal-weight, overweight, and obese groups based on their body mass index (BMI). The association between Hhip and obesity was examined by a multivariate linear regression analysis.Results In total, 294 subjects who were either of a normal weight (n=166), overweight (n=90), or obese (n=38) were enrolled. Hhip concentrations were 6.51±4.86, 5.79±4.33, and 3.97±3.4 ng/ml in normal-weight, overweight, and obese groups, respectively (p for trend=0.032). Moreover, the regression analysis showed that BMI (β=-0.144, 95% confidence interval (CI)=-0.397~-0.046, p=0.013) was negatively associated with Hhip concentrations after adjusting for sex and age. Being overweight (β=-0.181, 95% CI=-3.311~-0.400, p=0.013) and obese (β=-0.311, 95% CI=-6.393~-2.384, p<0.001) were independently associated with Hhip concentrations after adjusting for sex, age, fasting plasma glucose, the insulin level, and other cardiometabolic risk factors.Conclusions Our results showed that overweight and obese subjects had lower Hhip concentrations than those of a normal weight. Being overweight and obese were negatively associated with Hhip concentrations. Hhip might be a link between obesity and diabetes.

scholarly journals The Serum Concentrations of Hedgehog-Interacting Protein, a Novel Biomarker, Were Decreased in Overweight or Obese Subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 742
Author(s):  
Hsuan-Wen Chou ◽  
Hao-Chang Hung ◽  
Ching-Han Lin ◽  
An-Chi Lin ◽  
Ye-Fong Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Relationship

Although it was known that obesity is an independent risk factor for metabolic disorders including diabetes, the factors that link these diseases were obscure. The Hedgehog-interacting protein (Hhip) is a negative regulator in tissue remodeling, and inhibits the proliferation of adipocytes, and promotes their differentiation. In addition, Hhip was positively associated with diabetes. However, the relationship between Hhip and obesity in the human body remains unclear. An analysis of the relationship between Hhip and normal weight, overweight, and obesity levels. Participants receiving a physical checkup were recruited. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected. Serum Hhip levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Subjects were classified into normal-weight, overweight, and obese groups based on their body mass index (BMI). The association between Hhip and obesity was examined by multivariate linear regression analysis. In total, 294 subjects who were either of a normal weight (n = 166), overweight (n = 90), or obese (n = 38) were enrolled. Hhip concentrations were 6.51 ± 4.86 ng/mL, 5.79 ± 4.33 ng/mL, and 3.97 ± 3.4 ng/mL in normal-weight, overweight, and obese groups, respectively (p for trend = 0.032). Moreover, the regression analysis showed that BMI (β = −0.144, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.397−0.046, p = 0.013) was negatively associated with Hhip concentrations after adjusting for sex and age. Being overweight (β = −0.181, 95% CI = −3.311−0.400, p = 0.013) and obese (β = −0.311, 95% CI = −6.393−2.384, p < 0.001) were independently associated with Hhip concentrations after adjusting for sex, age, fasting plasma glucose, the insulin level, and other cardiometabolic risk factors. Our results showed that overweight and obese subjects had lower Hhip concentrations than those of normal weight. Being overweight and obese were negatively associated with Hhip concentrations. Hhip might be a link between obesity and diabetes.

Analysis of the Relationships between Balance Ability and Walking in Terms of Muscle Activities and Lower Limb Kinematics and Kinetics

Biomechanics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-201
Author(s):  
Pathmanathan Cinthuja ◽  
Graham Arnold ◽  
Rami J. Abboud ◽  
Weijie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Vastus Medialis ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Balance Ability ◽  
Limb Kinematics ◽  
Lower Limb Kinematics ◽  
Kinematics And Kinetics

There is a lack of evidence about the ways in which balance ability influences the kinematic and kinetic parameters and muscle activities during gait among healthy individuals. The hypothesis is that balance ability would be associated with the lower limb kinematics, kinetics and muscle activities during gait. Twenty-nine healthy volunteers (Age 32.8 ± 9.1; 18 males and 11 females) performed a Star Excursion Balance test to measure their dynamic balance and walked for at least three trials in order to obtain a good quality of data. A Vicon® 3D motion capture system and AMTI® force plates were used for the collection of the movement data. The selected muscle activities were recorded using Delsys® Electromyography (EMG). The EMG activities were compared using the maximum values and root mean squared (RMS) values within the participants. The joint angle, moment, force and power were calculated using a Vicon Plug-in-Gait model. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis were performed using SPSS version 23. In the muscle activities, positive linear correlations were found between the walking and balance test in all muscles, e.g., in the multifidus (RMS) (r = 0.800 p < 0.0001), vastus lateralis (RMS) (r = 0.639, p < 0.0001) and tibialis anterior (RMS) (r = 0.539, p < 0.0001). The regression analysis models showed that there was a strong association between balance ability (i.e., reaching distance) and the lower limb muscle activities (i.e., vastus medialis–RMS) (R = 0.885, p < 0.0001), and also between balance ability (i.e., reaching distance) and the lower limb kinematics and kinetics during gait (R = 0.906, p < 0.0001). In conclusion, the results showed that vastus medialis (RMS) muscle activity mainly contributes to balance ability, and that balance ability influences the lower limb kinetics and kinematics during gait.

Correlation between FA and ADC, number and length of the periprostatic neurovascular fibers

2021 ◽  
pp. 039156032110637
Author(s):  
Valerio Di Paola ◽  
Angelo Totaro ◽  
Giacomo Avesani ◽  
Benedetta Gui ◽  
Andrea Boni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Fiber Tracts ◽  
Good Agreement

Purpose: Our aim was to explore the relation between FA and ADC, number and length of the periprostatic neurovascular fibers (PNF) by means of 1.5 T Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) imaging through a multivariate linear regression analysis model. Methods: For this retrospective study, 56 patients (mean age 63.5 years), who underwent 1.5-T prostate MRI, including DTI, were enrolled between October 2014 and December 2018. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to evaluate the statistically significant correlation between FA values (dependent variable) and ADC, the number and the length of PNF (independent variables), if p-value <0.05. A value of 0.5 indicated poor agreement; 0.5–0.75, moderate agreement; 0.75–0.9, good agreement; 0.61–0.80, good agreement; and 0.9–1.00, excellent agreement. Results: The overall fit of the multivariate regression model was excellent, with R2 value of 0.9445 ( R2 adjusted 0.9412; p < 0.0001). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed a statistically significant correlation ( p < 0.05) for all the three independent variables. The r partial value was −0.9612 for ADC values ( p < 0.0001), suggesting a strong negative correlation, 0.4317 for the number of fiber tracts ( p < 0.001), suggesting a moderate positive correlation, and −0.306 for the length of the fiber tracts ( p < 0.05), suggesting a weak negative correlation. Conclusions: Our multivariate linear regression model has demonstrated a statistically significant correlation between FA values of PNF with other DTI parameters, in particular with ADC.

QSAR Docking on Azoles as inhibitors of Notum carboxylesterase

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amuthalakshmi Sivaperuman ◽  
Ramalakshmi Natarajan ◽  
Manimegalai P ◽  
Arunkumar Subramani ◽  
Puratchikody Ayarivan
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Qsar Analysis ◽  
Wnt Proteins

Background: Carboxylesterase Notum is a negative regulator of Wnt signaling. Notum carboxylesterase is a carboxylic ester hydrolase enzyme that functions as a negative feedback regulator of Wnt proteins by depalmitoylation reaction. It is of great importance to understand the pathway of Wnt regulation because, conversely, misregulation of Wnt signaling is a telltale sign of cancer and other degenerative diseases. The Wnt inhibition is important in the control of colorectal cancer. Objective: In the present study, we carried out a QSAR analysis of a series of reported compounds with carboxylesterase Notum inhibitory activity using multiple regression analysis. A series of 83 compound datasets of pyrrole derivatives with carboxy Notum inhibitory values were taken from the reported literature. Methods: The study was performed by conducting multiple linear regression analysis followed by validation of the model. The multiple linear regression (MLR) models with the highest coefficients of correlation (R2) and explained variance in leave-one-out (Q2 LOO) prediction and leave-many-out (Q2 LMO) were selected for the whole dataset. The developed models were subjected to internal and external validation. The reliability of the predicted model was checked by plotting the Williams plot. The docking methodology was performed using Autodock 4 for the designed compounds to study the interaction between the ligand and the receptor. Results: The best model generated exhibited an r2 value of 0.7413, Q2LOO =0.6379, Q2LMO =0.6368. Novel compounds of phenyl pyrrolidine were designed based on generated QSAR equations. The carboxylesterase Notum inhibitory activity was predicted using the QSAR equations. The docking studies were carried out for designed compounds using Autodock against Carboxylesterase Notum esterase. Conclusion: From the results, the designed compounds were found to inhibit Notum Carboxylase. Thus, the study led to the development of a novel lead compound for Carboxylesterase Notum.

scholarly journals Relationship between Thyroid and Kidney Function: Analysis from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Between 2013 and 2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Hyuk Kim ◽  
Hyang Ki Min ◽  
Sung Woo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
National Health ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Introduction: Thyroid function is evaluated by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4). Although many studies have indicated an intimate relationship between thyroid hormones and kidney functions, reports about the simultaneous evaluation of TSH and fT4 are rare. Objective: We aimed to analyze the association between TSH and kidney function, with emphasis on a potential nonlinear relationship, and identify an independent relationship between fT4 and kidney function. Methods: We reviewed the data of 7,061 subjects in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys who were randomly subsampled for thyroid function evaluation between 2013 and 2015. A total of 5,578 subjects were included in the final analysis, after excluding people <18 years old, and those with a short fasting time, abnormal fT4 levels, and thyroid disease or related medications. Creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was used to define kidney function. Results: A 1 mmol/L increase of logarithmic TSH was associated with decreased eGFR (β: –1.8; 95% CI –2.3 to –1.2; p < 0.001), according to multivariate linear regression analysis. On the multivariate generalized additive model plot, TSH demonstrated an L-shaped relationship with eGFR, showing a steeper slope for 0–4 mIU/L of TSH. A 1 µg/dL increase of fT4 was also associated with decreased eGFR (β: –7.0; 95% CI –0.94 to –4.7; p < 0.001) on the multivariate linear regression analysis; this association was reversed after adjusting for age. On the mediation analysis, the indirect effect via age and direct effect per 1 µg/dL increase of fT4 on eGFR was 9.9 (8.1 to 11.7, p < 0.001) and –7.1 (–9.3 to –4.8, p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: Increased TSH was associated with decreased eGFR, particularly in the reference range. The direct effect of increased fT4 was decreased eGFR, which may be affected indirectly by age.

Relative contribution of various expressions of cAMP excretion to other indices of parathyroid function, as tested by discriminant multivariate linear regression analysis.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1279-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Valsamis ◽  
J Van Peborgh ◽  
H Brauman
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Parathyroid Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtrate

Abstract We evaluated the relative contribution to the diagnosis of hyperparathyroid disease from current laboratory indices of parathyroid function--plasma calcium (I), phosphate (II), carboxy-terminal (III) and predominantly amino-terminal (IV) radioimmunoassays of parathyrin, the urinary excretion ratios of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) to creatinine (V) or to glomerular filtrate (VI), and the ratio of the nephrogenous fraction of cAMP to glomerular filtrate (VII)--in 224 subjects: 40 with surgically proven hyperparathyroid disease, the others normoparathyroid. The decreasing order of sensitivity was I greater than VI greater than VII greater than V greater than III greater than IV greater than II; all these indices differed significantly between normoparathyroid and hyperparathyroid patients. The decreasing order of specificity was VII, III greater than I greater than IV greater than V, II greater than VI. Discriminant multivariate linear regression analysis was performed in a subset of 58 subjects (17 hyper- and 41 normoparathyroid) from the population studied here, chosen because all of the laboratory indices were determined for each subject. The classification accuracy was 98.3% for combining I, VII, and III (r = 0.908), or I and V (r = 0.893), or I and VII (r = 0.889). The other variables did not add to the precision of classification.

scholarly journals FRAX® Fracture Risks Are Associated with Coronary Artery Calcification Score

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzyy-Ling Chuang ◽  
Yi-Da Li ◽  
Fu-Tsung Hsiao ◽  
Mei-Hua Chuang ◽  
Yuh-Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Mineral Density

Purpose. To examine the association between fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) scores and coronary artery calcification (CAC) score in adults. Methods. The medical records of 81 adults who underwent both coronary computed tomography and bone mineral density (BMD) studies in a package during their health exams were reviewed at a regional hospital in Southern Taiwan. Data collected included health history, anthropomorphic characteristics, clinical laboratory results, and BMD. Fracture risk was determined using FRAX. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to assess the association between CAC score and 10-year probability of hip fracture (HF) and major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) determined by FRAX. Results. The mean age of the patients was 55.8 years, and 63.0% were male. Univariate linear regression analysis showed that increases in MOF and HF risks, as measured by FRAX, were significantly and positively associated with CAC score. Multiple linear regression analysis adjusting for potential confounders showed that CAC score remained significantly associated with four FRAX indicators, including right MOF (r=0.45, P<0.001), left MOF (r=0.31, P=0.021), right HF (r=0.38, P=0.001), and left HF (r=0.23, P=0.049). Conclusions. Increased risks of MOF and HF as determined by FRAX were significantly and independently associated with CAC score.

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