scholarly journals How close are we to self-provisioning? A look at the livelihood strategies of rural households in the Southern Andean region of Colombia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Eduardo Hernández-Núñez ◽  
Gustavo Adolfo Gutiérrez García ◽  
Isabel Gutiérrez-Montes ◽  
Juan Carlos Suárez Salazar ◽  
Hernán J. Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Push And Pull Factors ◽  
Capital Endowment ◽  
The Face ◽  
Push And Pull ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Production for self-provisioning contributes to food security in rural territories; however, studies have indicated that this capacity is limited. We analyze the impact of livelihood strategies on self-provisioning conditions in 162 rural households in the department of Huila, Colombia. Different topics were examined: a. source of the food; b. composition of home gardens; c. push and pull factors towards self-provisioning; d. capacity of rural households to access food in the face of COVID-19. Results indicated that rural households are 75% dependent on grocery stores for access their food. Only 51% of households have a home garden, with limited species diversity. Capacity for self-provisioning varies according to the livelihood strategies and capital endowment of the household; those with a greater diversity of agricultural activities have better capacity to provide for self-provisioning. We conclude that resilience of rural households is minimal to face atypical events such as the pandemic generated by COVID-19.

scholarly journals Migration of Junior Doctors: The Case of Psychiatric Trainees in Portugal

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Pinto da Costa ◽  
Cátia Moreira ◽  
Luis F. S. Castro-de-Araujo ◽  
Fábio Monteiro Da Silva ◽  
Renato Antunes Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Medical Migration ◽  
Push And Pull Factors ◽  
Push And Pull ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

Introduction: In the last few decades, the rates of international medical migration have continuously risen. In Psychiatry, there is great disparity in the workforce between high and low-income countries. Yet, little is known about the ‘push’ and ‘pull’ factors and the migratory intentions of trainees. This study aims to assess the factors impacting the decisions of psychiatric trainees in Portugal towards migration.Material and Methods: A questionnaire was developed in the Brain Drain study and was distributed to psychiatric trainees in Portugal.Results: The sample consists of 104 psychiatric trainees (60.6% female). Overall, 40.4% of the trainees had prior experience of living abroad and the majority (96.9%) felt that this experience influenced their attitude towards migration in a positive way. About 75% of trainees had ‘ever’ considered leaving the country, but the majority (70.0%) had not taken any ‘practical steps’ towards migration. The main reasons to stay in Portugal were personal, while the main reason to leave was financial. The majority of the trainees (55.7%) were dissatisfied or very dissatisfied with their income, working conditions and academic opportunities.Discussion: Working conditions, salaries and academic opportunities are the main triggers for the migration of psychiatric trainees from Portugal.Conclusion: These results may inform the decisions of stakeholders in the health and education sectors and point out the necessary investments required and the impact it may have on the workforce.

Combating the “New Slavery” in Nigeria: An Appraisal of Legal and Policy Responses to Human Trafficking

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nlerum S Okogbule
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Corporate Image ◽  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Pull Factors ◽  
Push And Pull Factors ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Nigerian Government ◽  
Push And Pull ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Country Today

AbstractThis article examines the legal and policy responses of the Nigerian government and other agencies to human trafficking, which is one of the central social and economic challenges facing the country today. After exploring the nature and dimensions of the practice, it argues that Nigeria's unenviable position as a country of origin, transit and destination in human trafficking, as well as the impact of the practice on the lives of the victims and adverse implications for the country's corporate image, make it imperative that effective measures are adopted to combat it. In this respect, while accepting that legal measures are important in achieving the objective, the article highlights some deficiencies in current efforts and suggests a multidimensional approach, with greater emphasis on the “push” and “pull” factors of human trafficking prevalent in the country, such as high levels of unemployment, poverty, inequality and marginalization.

scholarly journals Conflict, institutional changes and food insecurity in eastern D.R. Congo

Afrika Focus ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Els Lecoutere ◽  
Koen Vlassenroot ◽  
Timothy Raeymaekers
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

The protracted crisis in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo that lasted from 1996 till 2003 aggravated processes of land alienation and reduced market access. Field research conducted in 2005 in three eastern DR.C areas shows that these processes made rural households increasingly vulnerable and deepened structural causes of food insecurity. Households adapt their livelihood strategies because of the need to deal with the impact of different adversities and to anticipate various risks threatening their livelihoods. This further erodes the resilience of poorly endowed households and forces them to forsake food security in the long run to avoid acute destitution. Yet, standard food relief interventions often solely focus on direct food availability and fail to address the underlying structural causes for food insecurity such as limited access to land and markets. We recommend a combination of interventions that address both in order to lift rural households in protracted crisis situations out of the food insecurity trap.

THE SURVIVABILITY OF SMALL MICRO ENTERPRISE (SME) IN INDRAGIRI HULU DURING THE EPIDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Marwan Indra Saputra ◽  
Ziko Fransinatra ◽  
Gerhana Adjie
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Pull Factors ◽  
Push And Pull Factors ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Psychology Theory ◽  
Push And Pull ◽  
The Impact

The spread of Corona Virus in along 2020 is unpredictable and uncontrolled. According to this condition, a lot of Big Company weakened and got involved in to a worst situation and even collapse. And of course, Small Micro Enterprise (SME) will be or had been bothered by the impact. Indonesian Government has made various efforts to avoid the effects of the COVID-19 epidemic on SME. There are a lot of ways and approaches implemented to overcome it. The objectives of the study is to find win-win solution for SME to keep survive during the COVID-19 epidemic. The population of the study is the Indragiri Hulu SME Entrepreneurs. The Category of five years are selected to be the sample which is limited to 10 successful survival entrepreneurs that represents the descriptive category. Moreover, the data analysis technique used in this study was data analysis with a data reduction model that was obtained from data collection and data display. The results of this study show six strategies based on push and pull factors theories, as social psychology theory which develop the survivalist entrepreneurship in Indragiri Hulu. The strategy also needs to pay attention on opportunity, added value, necessity, overcome and avoiding dissatisfaction of the previous way.  Furthermore, it is also suggested that an entrepreneur of SME players needs to play strategy in order to establish and survive the business during the epidemic, because the epidemic is not the end of everything.

scholarly journals Transformation of agriculture in Czechia in the period 1990‑2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 103-118
Author(s):  
Antonín Vaishar ◽  
Milada Šťastná
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Environmental Function ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
The Face ◽  
Large Farms ◽  
The Impact

This paper characterises the development of Czech agriculture in the 30 years since the change of political regime. It notes that, although ownership has changed, the structure of large farms has been maintained. There has been a reduction in livestock production in particular, which has disrupted the traditional relationship between the two principal agricultural activities. The number of workers in the primary sector has fallen very rapidly, to less than 6% now, even in rural areas. Therefore, the communities in the Czech countryside are no longer dependent on agriculture, whose role is increasingly shifting to landscape maintenance and non-productive activities. At present, subsidies under the EU’s Common Agricultural Policy are the main driver in Czech agriculture. In the face of current challenges, attention needs to be paid to the environmental function of agriculture, while the impact of agricultural jobs on rural development is negligible.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Push and Pull Factors towards Purchase Intention to Shop at Batik Trusmi Cirebon

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-333
Author(s):  
Munawaroh Zainal ◽  
Agatha Wisastra
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
Pull Factors ◽  
Push Factors ◽  
Push And Pull Factors ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Method ◽  
Push And Pull ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Is Design

This research is design to analyze how the concept of push-and-pull factors positively impact the purchase intention at Batik Trusmi Cirebon. The research models are made to measure the impact between push factors and pull factors towards purchase intention. The research subject in this research is the customers who have shopped at Batik Trusmi Cirebon. 160 respondents are taken as samples and the data have been analyzed with multiple linear regression method. The result shows that push factors and pull factors are positively impact purchase intention. This means, both of the hypothesis are accepted. Batik Trusmi Cirebon could improve their marketing strategy such as promotion and quality consistency in order to attract more customers and other recommendation are made based on this research finding which is concluded in the last chapter.

scholarly journals Reviewing land access livelihood diversification strategies and factors influencing wellbeing of rural households in Mnquma, Eastern Cape: implications to extension agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian M ◽  
U Luvhengo ◽  
H Khobai ◽  
I. K. Agbugba
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Land Access ◽  
Land Size ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to analyse the impact of land access and livelihood strategies of rural households to well-being of households ' implications to extension agents in Mnquma, Eastern Cape. A cross-sectional research design was utilised to collect data from 105 randomly selected households. Descriptive statistics was then used to profile livelihood strategies and characteristics such as age, gender, years of farm experience, the availability of water and land for crop production and the income farmers generate from the sale of crops produced. Multinomial logistic regression results demonstrated that land size and location have a positive significant influence (p = 0.001) on household well-being. It is concluded that though land size has a positive influence on well-being, expanding farms through adding plots and distant farming hinders the attainment of well-being. Moreover, households with large number of dependents and those working in exclusive farming are disadvantaged in the attainment of well-being. There is therefore room to enhance progress in attainment of well-being through reducing the distance to farms and promoting diversification of livelihood strategies. The Eastern Cape department of Agriculture and Rural Development is advised to support distant farmers with settlements in their destinations. Furthermore, extension agents do play a significant role in promoting livelihoods of rural households and contribute towards improved land access. Keywords: Land access, livelihood strategy, rural households, South Africa

scholarly journals Research on the Foreign Direct Investment Factors of Japanese Hotel Industry in Taiwan-Taking Okura Hotel as an Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. p33
Author(s):  
Wu-Hua Chang ◽  
Chih-Hsiung Chang ◽  
Yi-Yu Shih ◽  
Shih-Chi Shen
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Pull Factors ◽  
Push And Pull Factors ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Push And Pull ◽  
The Impact

Due to the impact of COVID-19 in 2019, the global hotel industry has been severely impacted by the disconnection of the tourism industry. However, even with the impact of the epidemic, the Japanese hotel industry’s investment in Taiwan has not stopped. What are the factors that drive the Japanese hotel industry to defy the threat of the epidemic and choose Taiwan as its destination for foreign direct investment? This is the research goal of this article. This article intends to adopt Push-Pull-Mooring (PPM)migration theory to construct the possible factors of why the Japanese hotel industry chooses Taiwan as its foreign direct investment destination. These factors consist of three effects to describe Japan Okura hotel’s migration. First, the push effect refers to factors that induce people to leave their place of origin. Second, the pull effect refers to factors that attract people to a destination. Third, the mooring effect refers to intervention variables for push and pull effects that facilitate or inhibit the determination of movement. The finding is that push and pull factors still play an active role in promoting Okura Hotel’s investment in Taiwan, even if the influence of some factors is slightly reduced due to the shift in international conditions. With the development of globalization and high technology, mooring factors are no longer the reason that hinders Japanese Okura’s investment in Taiwan. Combined with push and pull factors, PPM migration model can fully explain why the Japanese hotel industry chooses to conduct foreign direct investment in Taiwan, even if it is affected by COVID-19.It’s just that COVID-19 has not stopped so far, and the unstable situation on both sides of the strait may impact the original PPM model and affect the results of the analysis. It is worth further observation and research by subsequent researchers.

scholarly journals Oxford Textbook of Migrant Psychiatry

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Push And Pull Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Interaction ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Push And Pull ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being

Human beings have been migrant for millennia. Reasons for migration vary from economic, financial, and educational reasons to persecution on religious or other discriminations. Push and pull factors for migration can produce inordinate amount of stress on individuals, families, or groups. Migrant psychiatry is a new discipline bringing together professionals from humanities, arts, sciences, and medicine, including psychiatry and psychology, together to understand the impact of migration on mental illnesses, mental health and well-being of migrant individuals. The Oxford Textbook of Migrant Psychiatry brings together constructs related to theories of migration, the impact of migration on mental health and adjustment, collective trauma, individual identity, and diagnostic fallacies. The book also covers practical aspects of management, including cultural factors, ethnopsychopharmacology, therapeutic interaction, and therapeutic expectation and psychotherapy.

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