scholarly journals The NKVD of the Far East in the Fight Against Child Homelessness and Neglect (1941–1945)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Zhadan Alexander V. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Far East ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Organizational Forms ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
Far Eastern

The problem of child homelessness and neglect in the USSR became one of the grave socio-economic consequences of the Great Patriotic war. These phenomena, instilling in children the skills of antisocial behavior, contribute to the criminalization of the younger generation, the degradation of future labor resources. This publication, based on documentary sources, a significant part of which is introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, aims to analyze and summarize the historical experience of the NKVD of the Far Eastern region in the fight against homelessness and neglect in wartime conditions. The author solves the following problems: analysis of factors contributing to the sharp increase in the phenomena under consideration during the war in the Far East; characteristics of organizational forms and methods used by the NKVD in order to combat child homelessness and neglect; research of the reasons that negatively affected the effectiveness of the internal affairs bodies in this direction. The research uses the principles of historicism, objectivity and consistency, as well as general scientific and special methods of historical science. As a result of the study, it is concluded that the Far Eastern NKVD bodies were able to achieve significant success by the end of 1945 in countering homelessness, neglect and child crime, however, for a number of objective reasons, they were not able to completely neutralize the negative impact of these phenomena on the Far Eastern society, which affected the level of its criminalization in subsequent years. Organizational forms and methods of combating child homelessness and neglect evolved during the war years, responding to the aggravation of the nature of the problem. In the organizational structure of the NKVD bodies, such elements as departments for combating child homelessness and neglect, children’s rooms of the police, labor educational colonies for minors appeared; interaction with the active public of the region was intensified. Keywords: Far East; children’s police rooms, NKVD receivers and distributors; NKVD bodies, World War II; homelessness and neglect

State strategy for the accelerated development of the electric power industry in the Far East of the USSR (1964—1991): historical experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Aleksey Maklyukov
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Far East ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Regional Energy ◽  
The Far East ◽  
State Strategy ◽  
Far Eastern

The article examines the historical aspects of the formation and implementation of the state strategy for the accelerated growth of the electric power industry in the Far East of the USSR in 1964—1991. The problems of power supply of the Far Eastern region of the country are analyzed, programs for the development of the regional electric power industry are considered, the difficulties of their implementation are revealed, structural changes in the industry and the results of electrification of the region are characterized. The author notes that the problems of regional energy supply had not been solved until the end of the Soviet era. The Far Eastern electric power industry continued to be a costly and lagging industry, slowing down the socio-economic development of the region.

The Russian Far East: from a depressed region to the territory of the future

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Nikolaychuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Future ◽  
Bilateral Cooperation ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

The monograph presents the search for solutions to the problems of the Far Eastern region. The proximity of China and the remoteness from the center of Russia make us look for effective measures to overcome the problems of settling the Far East in the context of sustainable economic development of modern Russia. The paper analyzes the problems of the Far East: in industry, agriculture, forestry, energy problems, environmental problems, and provides recommendations for their solution. Considerable attention is paid to migration problems. The experience of China is studied through the prism of bilateral cooperation with Russia. It is intended for students, masters, postgraduates, researchers dealing with issues of macroeconomic regulation and forecasting.

scholarly journals New practices of literature distribution for children and youth in Siberia and the Far East

Bibliosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
O. N. Alshevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Distribution Channels ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Book Market ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Book Fairs ◽  
Online Stores ◽  
Far Eastern

The article describes the directions of distribution of books for children in the Eastern regions of Russia that have appeared in the last decade. Based on a combination of landscape-reconstructing principles, surveys, and comparative typological analysis, the article presents data that expand previously studied aspects of the functioning of the main channels for the sale of books for children in the Siberian-Far Eastern region. It is shown that books for children are the largest segment of the Russian book market, which has been growing since 2008. At the regional level, they are widely presented in all book distribution channels: bookselling networks and independent stores; online stores; book departments of supermarkets (non-core retail); kiosks and stalls; book fairs. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current trends in the distribution of books for children in the region. Positive trends typical for the children book market in the Siberian-far Eastern region are identified. They are: the activity of children book supermarkets, the appearance of independent small stores of club-backstage format, the organization of specialized children Internet projects; increasing the importance of regional book exhibitions, fairs, festivals and holidays in the distribution of books for children; projects support by major Russian patrons. The significance of the study of new practices for the distribution of literature for children and youth in the region is determined by their influence on the formation of a new conceptual model for the popularization of reading, based on the idea of culture as a powerful lever of socio-economic development of territories.

FAR EASTERN POLICY OF THE POST-SOVIET RUSSIA IN THE END OF THE XX CENTURY AND THE BEGINNING OF THE 21st CENTURY: CONCEPTS, EXPERT OPINIONS AND PUBLICISTS’ VIEWPOINTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3/1) ◽  
pp. 30-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. VASHCHUK
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Far East ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Government ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Early 21St Century

Investigation of Russia’s turnabout to the East is a bright feature of  the national humanitarian space of the early 21st century.  Publications on this topic include the works of economists,  geographers, sociologists and historians. It contains various  viewpoints on the part that the Far Eastern region played in the  social and economic development of Russia, as well as different  genres (varying from publicism to scientific research), and expert  assessments and recommendations to the government. The article  deals with historiographic review of the emerging scientific trend and complements it with the methodology of social and political  history. Humanitarians are considered to be part of the transformed  “society-government” system. The analytics covers a variety of  opinions on the two transformation stages of the post-Soviet history: the Far East during the 1990s and the first fifteen years of the 21st  century. That allows tracing the interrelation between the regional  policy and the intellectuals’ reflection on it. The author comes to the  following conclusion: in 1990s speaking about the Far Eastern policy the experts’ society is rather unanimous in characterizing the  consequences of the reforms as disastrous; but regarding the  “turnabout to the East” the opinions become more varied; optimistic  and pessimistic experts present extreme poles. The role of the Far  East the Russian history of the early 21st century is rather  controversial: on the one hand the region is a kind of problem for  the Centre, and on the other hand, active development of the east is an essential part of the new stage in the development of Russia.

scholarly journals General characteristics and regional differences of migration processes in the Far East of Russia in the Post-Soviet period

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-67
Author(s):  
S. N. Mishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Far East ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Far East Of Russia ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article analyzes regional features of migration processes dynamics of in the Far East of Russia in the post-Soviet period (19922016). Indicators of migration intensity for migrant arrivals and departures, migration effectiveness and impact of migration flows on the whole Far Eastern region and its subjects were considered. It is shown that until 1997 in the Far Easts migration turnover the largest share of migrants moved within Russia (excluding Far Eastern federal subjects), however, since 2000 to the present time, the intraregional flow of migrants exceeds the total share of interregional and international migrants. As part of the assessment of internal labor migration, federal subjects of the Far East with maximum and minimum sizes of population engaged in labor activity outside the region of residence were identified. The study of the dynamics and territorial structure of international labor migration for the period 20102015 reflects the loss of the Far East leading positions in the number of attracted labor immigrants among the federal districts of the Russian Federation. It is established that in most federal subjects the number of migrants working based on patents prevails. Formation of various approaches at the federal and regional levels to the practice of attracting migrants to the labor market in the Far East is shown based on the analysis of the implemented measures of migration policy from 2013 to 2017.

scholarly journals On the problem of the meaning and scope of the term school in contemporary art history (by the case of the Far Eastern region)

2021 ◽  
pp. 270-275
Author(s):  
Н.А. Левданская
Keyword(s):  
Art Education ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Art History ◽  
Far East ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Far East ◽  
History Of ◽  
Style Preferences ◽  
Far Eastern

Редкое исследование, посвященное современному художественному процессу, его участникам, обходится без употребления термина «школа». При этом его содержание трактуется очень широко: от сложившейся и действующей на протяжении большого отрезка времени системы полного цикла профессионального художественного образования до принадлежности художников одной территории или следования за лидером в выборе стилевых предпочтений. В статье дается краткий очерк истории появления и бытования термина «школа», предлагается уточнение его содержания в современных условиях и на этой основе предпринимается попытка оценить ситуацию с формированием региональных школ в России на примере Дальнего Востока. A rare study devoted to the contemporary art process, its participants, dispenses with the use of the term "school". At the same time, its content is interpreted very broadly: from the system of a full cycle of professional art education that has been established and has been operating for a long period of time to artists belonging to the same territory or following the leader in choosing style preferences. The article gives a brief outline of the history of the emergence and existence of the term "school", suggests clarifying its content in modern conditions and on this basis attempts to assess the situation with the formation of regional schools in Russia, using the example of the Far East.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF POWER ENGINEERING AND ELECTRICAL INDUSTRY IN THE FAR EAST OF THE USSR (1950S – MID-1970S)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-224
Author(s):  
Aleksey V. Maklyukov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Power Engineering ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Management Reform ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Electrical Industry ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The One ◽  
Far Eastern

The article examines the historical aspects of the formation of enterprises of power engineering and electrical indus-try in the Far East in the 1950s – mid 1970s. It was revealed that the limited management reform, the reluctance of the center to co-ordinate decisions with the region, the one-sidedness of the development of industries, did not bring the expected results. The Far Eastern region poorly provided itself with electrical products, which in many types were delivered from other regions of the USSR.

scholarly journals THE INFORMATION BASE OF SIBERIAN AND THE FAR EASTERN LIBRARIES’ LOCAL HISTORY ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
L. A. Mandrinina ◽  
V. V. Rykova
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Local History ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Books ◽  
Far Eastern

The article provides a brief overview of library local lore activity with an emphasis on the local lore direction in book studies and bibliography of the Siberian- Far Eastern region; names organizations providing information support for local lore activities of libraries; lists local lore resources on the websites of regional libraries in Siberia and the Far East. Special attention is paid to the resources generated by the State Public Scientific Technological Library of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which is the center for information support of local history research in Asian Russia, and obtains unique techniques to create regional databases, as well as highly qualified specialists. It presents a list of databases providing information support of theoretical and practical aspects of local history activity in the regional libraries. Authors give a detailed description of DB “Scientific Sibirika”, which includes regional material on a wide range of local history: history, ethnography, economy, nature and natural resources of certain territories of Siberia and the Far East, Arctic. It is shown that theoretical and methodological research in the field of library local history, individual persons, are presented in the “professional” DB “Librarianship and bibliography in Siberia and the Far East”, which has a special heading “Local lore activities of libraries in Siberia and the Far East”; the bibliologic direction of local lore is implemented in the bibliographic DB “History of books and book business in Siberia and the Far East”. The paper concludes about the importance of library local history in the library activities, and the need to attract information resources of large libraries for more complete implementation of local history research.

scholarly journals Development prospects of the copper industry in the Far East

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Gennadii Arkhipov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Copper Production ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Copper Industry ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Technological Chain ◽  
Industry Creation ◽  
Far Eastern

Research aim is to assess the prospects of using copper resources in the Far East to organize the regional base for the copper industry. Methodology. To assess the possibility or necessity of using the Far Eastern copper resources in the domestic industry, the state, production, needs and use of copper resources together with the existing projects of their development in the Far Eastern region are analyzed. Results and their analysis. In the Far East, projects are currently being implemented that require considerable use of a variety of non-ferrous metallurgy products. Metal products, materials and equipment required for the projects are imported or delivered from the western parts of Russia. Transportation significantly increases their cost. With the discovery and exploration of large copper deposits (Malmyzhskoye and Peschanka) and rich prospects of increasing the copper resource base in the far East, a number of ideas for copper industry creation and development in the region are proposed. Summary. The issue of copper industry creation in the Far East requires a multifaceted discussion, including the estimation of the general state and plans for the development of the copper industry in Russia and promising projects in the region. The region has sufficient reserves and resources of copper to create a complete technological chain of the regional copper industry, which involves the organization of copper production in the region. The potential of copper mineral resources in the region with an effective strategy for their use can contribute to the accelerated development of the Far East and become one of the factors of changing the geopolitical importance of Russia’s eastern part.

scholarly journals Reaction of the Far East to the Transition to Open Forms of Trade in the Mid-1930s

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-209
Author(s):  
Larisa A. Dudar ◽  
◽  
Alexander A. Isaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Far East ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Family ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Just Society ◽  
Far Eastern

Referring to archival documents, this article considers the sentiments of the Far Eastern population of the USSR and its reaction to the transition from the rationing system to free trade which started on 1 January 1935. The study of the socio-psychological aspects of important events and phenomena of the mid-1930s, including public sentiments, is relevant as they contribute to the recreation of the psychological portrait of the generation. The authors of the article emphasise the fact that the reaction of the population of the region to the transformation of the distribution system was ambiguous and depended on various political, ideological, and socioeconomic aspects of life. A significant part of the population supported the actions of the authorities and was positive. Far Easterners were motivated by the expectations of improving the overall socioeconomic situation in the country and hopes for the early construction of a just society. At the same time, there was also a critical mood, which was caused both by numerous miscalculations in the organisation of trade and by groundless rumours and gossip. Negative sentiments were both latent, manifested themselves in conversations with colleagues and the family circle, and open showing in public speeches. A part of the population doubted the necessity of abolishing the rationing system for fear of famine. The central and local authorities attempted to eradicate any critical mood and backlash by various means, e.g. by normalising the supply system, but the situation with the supply of the population of the Far Eastern region continued to be difficult throughout the 1930s.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document