Evaluation of the state of forest protection from fires in Novgorod region

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
И.Д. Самсонова ◽  
А.С. Кондратьев
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Fire Prevention ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Adverse Weather

Лесные пожары относятся к главным экологическим факторам негативного влияния на лес и экологическую ситуацию. Увеличение числа лесных пожаров происходит в связи с многочисленными нарушениями правил населением, с глобальными изменениями климата и деградацией природной среды. Леса Новгородской области, территориально располагаясь между двумя агломерациями, являются незаменимым фактором окружающей среды. Обеспечение пожарной безопасности в лесах лесохозяйственных предприятий является одной из важнейших государственных задач. Цель исследований – оценка состояния охраны лесов от пожаров в Новгородской области, с использованием эффективных противопожарных мероприятий. Леса Новгородской области характеризуются средней степенью природной пожарной опасности. Территория области относится к слабогоримым регионам, а динамика лесных пожаров связана с условиями погоды. Лесные массивы на территории области представлены сосновыми и еловыми древостоями, расположенными на северо-востоке и самом юге области, в составе которых доля молодняков составляет 31,6%. Повышают пожарную опасность в лесах повреждения массивов вредными насекомыми и заболеваниями, неблагоприятными погодными условиями, рекреационными нагрузками и выбросами промышленных предприятий. Эффективность использования системы «Лесохранитель» позволило ликвидировать 85,5% пожаров в течение первых суток, при этом численность крупных пожаров за период 2009–2017 гг. снизилась до 4 шт., а средняя площадь пожаров составила 1,7 га. Разработанный картографический материал распределения земель лесного фонда Новгородской области по степени горимости лесничеств и по зонам мониторинга позволяет обеспечить противопожарное устройство объекта и дает реальную информацию для оперативной работы. Комплекс предложенных и используемых противопожарных мероприятий характеризуется как надежный и эффективный прием для уменьшения численности пожаров в лесах. Forest fires are among the main environmental factors of the negative impact on the forest and the ecological situation. An increase in the number of forest fires occurs due to numerous disturbances by the population, global climate change, and environmental degradation. Forests of the Novgorod region, located territorially between two agglomerations, are an indispensable environmental factor. Ensuring fire safety in forests of forestry enterprises is one of the most important state tasks. The purpose of the research is to assess the state of forest protection from fires in the Novgorod region using effective fire prevention measures. Forests of the Novgorod region are characterized by an average degree of natural fire hazard. The territory of the region belongs to low-visibility regions, and the dynamics of forest fires is associated with weather conditions. Forests in the region are represented by pine and spruce stands located in the northeast and the very south of the region, in which the proportion of young frogs is 31.6%. Damage to arrays by harmful insects and diseases, adverse weather conditions, recreational loads and emissions of industrial enterprises increase the fire hazard in forests. The efficiency of using the Forest Guard system allowed eliminating 85.5% of fires during the first day, while the number of large fires for the period 2009–2017 was eliminated. decreased to 4 pcs, and the average area of fires was 1.7 ha. The developed cartographic material for the distribution of forest land in the Novgorod Region according to the degree of forestry burnability and monitoring zones allows for the fire-prevention of the facility and provides real information for operational work. The complex of proposed and used fire prevention measures is characterized as a reliable and effective method for reducing the number of fires in forests.

scholarly journals The decision support system for conducting fire-prevention measures in woodlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 2091 (1) ◽  
pp. 012061
Author(s):  
A A Sorokin ◽  
N S Maltseva ◽  
D S Puzankov ◽  
V F Shurshev ◽  
L V Galimova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Fire Prevention ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Output Pattern ◽  
Hazard Level ◽  
Takagi Sugeno ◽  
Theory Of Fuzzy Sets

Abstract Purpose of the work is to propose provisions for the aggregation of parameters of a climatic and anthropogenic nature. Regulations are necessary to determine the rating of forest areas in terms of fire hazard level. As a result of the study, theoretical provisions for the aggregation of variables have been proposed. Variables are described on different metric scales and affect the final result in different ways. The provisions are based on the methods of the theory of fuzzy sets and fuzzy inference. The computational complex for determining the rating of the forest areas is implemented in the form of a hierarchical system of fuzzy inference. It is based on the Takagi-Sugeno algorithm. Simulation of the complex operation was carried out. As a result, it was concluded that the generated output pattern has a stepped nature. This makes it possible to classify the analyzed elements into state groups. This allows you to solve the problems of planning work on the implementation of preventive and/or preparatory measures to eliminate or prevent forest fires. The prospect of further research is the formation of decision support systems in the control processes organization of forest areas.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS FOR ANTHROPOGENOUS POLLUTION OF SNOW COVER ON THE TERRITORY OF A MAJOR INDUSTRIAL CENTER UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF POLLUTION’S VARIOUS SOURCES

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.V. Sazonova ◽  
T.K. Ryazanova ◽  
D.S. Tupikova ◽  
T.V. Sudakova ◽  
N.M. Toropova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Snow Water ◽  
Surrounding Areas

The paper presents the comparative studies’ results of the snow cover quality in the intracity districts of Samara and its surrounding areas at a distance of up to 1000 m from the oil refinery during 2017–2018. We have identified a high extent of pollution on a set of indicators caused by anthropo-technogenic influence (the content of hydrocarbons, suspended solids, difficult-to-oxidize organic matter (by chemical oxygen demand), some metals, etc.). Many important sanitary and hygienic indicators (a significant part of hydrocarbons, benzo[a]pyrene) were not found in filtered snow water, but ones were determined in suspended solids. Comparative analysis for the chemical composition of snow cover on the territory close to the oil refinery and on the streets in Samara revealed no significant differences. In this regard, it is possible to assume a significant contribution of motor vehicles to anthropo-technogenic environmental pollution. It is important to take into account that when snow is melting it can be a source of secondary pollution of soil, waste- and groundwater, therefore it is necessary to periodically monitor the snow cover quality as an integral part of monitoring environment state and take measures to prevent adverse effects of human activities (redistribution of traffic flow of transit heavy vehicle, notification of industrial enterprises in order to reduce noxious emissions for the period of forecasting adverse weather conditions).

The current state and prospects of development of legal support of hydraulic land reclamation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deineha Maryna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Current State ◽  
Adverse Weather

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of the legislation of Ukraine in the field of hydraulic reclamation of lands, as well as to highlight the prospects for the development of legal support of the outlined sphere of public relations. It is established that hydraulic reclamation of lands contributes to increasing soil fertility, increasing productivity and sustainability of agriculture, creating a guaranteed food fund of the state. However, in recent years, the effectiveness of hydraulic land reclamation is declining, due to a number of reasons of objective and subjective nature: insufficient logistics and shortcomings in the operation of hydraulic structures, deterioration of ecological and reclamation of agricultural land, lack of interest and responsibility land users. These factors include incomplete use of scientific developments, insufficient information support, imperfect and outdated legal framework. Given the great importance of hydraulic land reclamation for the development of agriculture in the country, these relations require proper legal regulation. It is concluded that the problems of combating desertification, resource and food security of the state in years with adverse weather conditions, water supply of agriculture cannot be solved only by organizing land reclamation, because this problem is complex. In order to achieve the goals of the Irrigation and Drainage Strategy in Ukraine for the period up to 2030, it is necessary to ensure effective interaction of legal, organizational, economic and financial mechanisms of irrigation and drainage restoration in Ukraine within the framework of the identified priority areas. Keywords: land reclamation, hydraulic land reclamation, land irrigation, land drainage, agricultural lands

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ‘in service’ of Internal Security of the State

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-210
Author(s):  
Renata Włodarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Police Academy ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Training Courses

The study was created thanks to the author’s preferences to learn increasingly more about new technologies that are able to increase the potential of internal security of the state. Recently, interest in recording areas (difficult to access, dangerous, monitored in adverse weather conditions, monitored due to the implementation of tasks by relevant services), the development of methods enabling the transmission of various materials at a distance, and performing other complicated activities have increased. For this purpose, unmanned aerial vehicles (so-called drones, UAVs) that are versatile in many respects are used. The author noticed the need to disseminate such innovative devices on native soil, especially for using them in multidirectional strengthening of the security sphere. Polish companies producing UAVs for many foreign customers have already marked their presence in this matter. The achievements of the designers are so impressive that it makes us appreciate the development of our technical thought, and above all, the use of drones to ensure security and public order in Poland. A series of training courses is already conducted by the Police Academy in Szczytno, which is a good solution both for teachers and, above all, for the trainees themselves. Such an initiative will undoubtedly translate into increased interest in drones, and especially the incredible usefulness of these devices for uniformed services and other entities.

scholarly journals Possibility of use Artemisia austriaca Jacq. as an indicator of environmental pollution by certain heavy metals

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-39
Author(s):  
Yulia M. Kanibolotskaya
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
State Of The Environment

Due to the increasing negative impact of anthropogenic factors on the state of the environment in man-made regions, the possibility of using Artemisia austriaса Jacq. as an indicator of contamination of industrial areas by some heavy metals and transformation of plant communities under the influence of human activities is being considered. In order to achieve the objective of the study, the content of heavy metals (Ti, Mn, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Sr); in plant metals (A. austriaса) and soil samples selected in the suburbs of Pavlodar and Aksu (Pavlodar region, Kazakhstan) is analyzed at different distances from existing industrial enterprises. Geobotanic studies have also been carried out (using classical methods). A. austriaca, being a digressive-active species, under human-induced conditions often becomes a dominant or subdominant in plant communities (in regions where it has historically been represented in little abundance). Therefore, its capacity to accumulate some heavy metals (according to our research results – Zn and Cr) can be used (taking into account the distance from the source of emissions, age of plants, features of nanorelief and weather conditions) to determine the presence of contamination of industrial (or adjacent) areas, especially in areas of operation of metallurgical enterprises.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk assessment of the population under adverse weather conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 488-492
Author(s):  
R. B. Tsallagova ◽  
O. I. Kopytenkova ◽  
Fatima K. Makoeva ◽  
A. R. Nanieva
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Introduction. Climate change around the world determines the relevance of the study of its effects on the human health. Nowadays, due to the development of modern medical science, the methods of evidence-based analysis of negative impact of the environmental factors on the public health are being widely implemented into preventive medicine. Their use should make it possible to quantify the various risks with high confidence and to manage them effectively. Material and methods. The weather conditions of the territory of Vladikavkaz for a 15-years period (2001-2015) have been studied. On the basis of the data from the primary medical documentation of emergency medical care (EMC) for the same period, the health status of the adult population in the city has been studied. The impact of the meteorological elements under the study on the frequency of seeking EMC was estimated using the relative (RR) and population risks (Rpop) values. Results. For the city of Vladikavkaz (according to the medical classification of weather conditions), high air humidity is typical for 65% of the days in a year, low air velocity (less than 3 m/s) - 77% of the days in a year. Inter-day fluctuations in temperature and atmospheric air pressure, exceeding the optimal levels for the human body, are recorded more than in 30% of the days in a year. Discussion. The city of Vladikavkaz is characterized by windless, wet weather, with frequent inter-day fluctuations in temperature and atmospheric air pressure, which corresponds to the clinically irritating and acute types of weather. Conclusion. The calculations of the relative and the population risks of impact of meteorological changes on the developing of urgent cardiovascular conditions in the population of Vladikavkaz showed RR of combining two unfavourable weather factors to be of 1.081 (p <0.0001), and the Rpop increases by more than 3600 additional EMC calls due to cardiovascular pathology.

scholarly journals Flight Delay Prediction Using Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
pp. 473-476
Author(s):  
Prajwal Dhone ◽  
Uday Kirange ◽  
Rushabh Satarkar ◽  
Prof. Shashant Jaykar
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Environmental Harm ◽  
Flight Delays ◽  
Adverse Weather Conditions ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Flight Delay ◽  
Delay Prediction

In this fast growing world as airplanes continue flying, flight delays are the part of the experience. According to the Bureau Of Statistics(BOS), about 20% of all flights are delayed by 15 minutes or more. Flight delays causes a negative impact, mainly economical for airport authorities, commuters and airline industries as well. Furthermore, in the domain of sustainability, it can even cause environmental harm by the rise in fuel consumption and gas emissions and also some of the important factors including adverse weather conditions, preparing the aircraft, fixing of mechanical issue, getting security clearance, etc. Hence, these are the factors which indicates the necessity it has become to predict the delays of airline problems. To carry out the predictive analysis, which includes a range of statistical techniques from machine learning, this studies historical and current data to make predictions about the future delays, taking help of Regression Analysis using regularization technique used in Python.

scholarly journals Institutional Environment as a Determinant of Efficiency of Industrial Development of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
N. Grazhevska ◽  
А. Khodzhaian ◽  
A. Zavazhenko
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

The authors proved that contrary to the global trends of development of science-intensive neo-industrial economy in Ukraine there is deindustrialization of the economy associated with outpacing growth of production and export of raw materials with a low level of technological processing and added value. The article examines the main factors of the deindustrialization of Ukraine’s economy, in particular, a significant degree of depreciation of fixed assets of industrial enterprises and production infrastructure, insufficient volume and unsatisfactory structure of capital investment to restore worn-out fixed capital, negative dynamics of foreign direct investment in the spheres of national economy such as innovations, etc. The authors also highlighted and analyzed the institutional factors influencing the industrial development of Ukraine, namely: the “presence” of the state in the economy, corruption and the shadow economy. The negative impact of the institutional environment on the innovative modernization of the national industrial sector was confirmed with the help of economic and mathematical modelling. The main directions of intensification of the state ‘s activity to overcome the institutional dysfunctions and traps formed during the period of market reform of the national economy are substantiated.

scholarly journals Influence of low fire on condition of pine plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
V. M. Vdovychenko ◽  
D. O. Omelich
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
The State ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
First Year ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
The Impact

Fires have caused significant damage since ancient times, and over time the area and damage has increased. Pine plantations in the southern and eastern regions of Ukraine are particularly affected by this natural phenomenon. The damage caused by the fire interrupts the course of natural successions and prolongs the period of climax. In order to assess the impact of persistent grassroots fire on the complex of forestry and taxation indices of plantations, the taxation structure of pine plantations and the impact on phytocenoses, a methodical analysis of plantations in the Skripayivsky forestry of the state enterprise «Skripayevsky Educational Research Forestry» was made. The data of forest fires over the last 30 years have been analyzed and the reconnaissance works have been carried out, the characteristic test areas have been selected and monitored over the three years. As a result of the work, the relationship between the height of the slope and the intensity of drying was observed. It has been observed that the mass drying of trees does not occur in the first year, but within three years. Also noted was a certain category of trees that appeared to be more resistant to the negative effects of fire, characterized by the following characteristics: thick, dense, high raised bark, well cleared of branches of tree trunks, diameter above average, high raised crown. This factor should be taken into account when creating forest crops (use quality planting material and the introduction of deciduous trees), carrying out further planting care (timely care of forest crops and the required intensity) and carrying out fire prevention measures (raising crowns, mineralization and mineralization breaks). Based on these observations, it is possible to predict the state of planting after a fire, depending on the intensity of the fire (altitude and the degree of burning of the litter) and take into account when conducting forestry activities.

scholarly journals Innovative Development Path of State-owned Economy - Evidence Based on The Impact of COVID-19 on The Development of Chinese State-owned Industrial Enterprises and Their Post-epidemic Recovery from Financial Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Qinyuan Li ◽  
Shijie Tan
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Operating Income ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Chinese State ◽  
The Impact

Since the spread of the COVID-19, State-owned industrial enterprise have faced many problems such as industrial and supply chain breaks, shutdowns and insufficient production capacity, which are common in the state-owned economy. Financial indicators can often better dig out the economic problems behind them, so we screened 20 relevant composite financial indicators including asset yield, return stability, debt solvency, cumulative profitability, liquidity, capitalization, and scale. After correlation analysis, a significant “Operating income growth rate” indicator was obtained and the ARIMA model was used to predict and compared the results with the actual value. During the first and second outbreaks of the COVID-19, its influence path is to affect the supply and demand of the production, then affect the financial status. The negative impact gradually weakened after March 2020. During the second outbreak in July 2020, the State-owned industrial enterprises were the most negatively affected then gradually recovered. After analysis, we found that the innovation of Chinese state-owned economy, due to its special status in the economy, emergency management and its role in the supply chain and industrial chain should be emphasized. The innovation of the state-owned economy will play an important role in promoting economic innovation.

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