scholarly journals Modeling of the Meteorological Balloon-Cube with LoRa-Based Ground Station

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. E14-E18
Author(s):  
V. Rastinasab ◽  
H. Weidong
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Flight Test ◽  
Telemetry Data ◽  
Test Information ◽  
Ground Station ◽  
Ground Segment ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Weather Stations

Every day 80,000 weather balloons are launched to the Earth’s upper atmosphere with meteorology payloads to provide accurate meteorological data. Meteorological data could be used for airport stations and weather stations. Meanwhile, there are many remote sensing satellites above the Earth’s atmosphere, but balloons are still essential due to increased weather prediction accuracy. Many balloons launch into the atmosphere daily, but it would be a one trip tripe because this balloon goes to the atmosphere then transmits the meteorological data to the ground segment, and that is all no one looks to recycle it, on the other hand, if the balloon could be recycled there would be many financial benefits. This project presents a high altitude meteorological balloon-Cube relative to measuring atmosphere humidity, temperature, air pressure, and a photography payload for surface imaging that ascended up to 20Km altitude Cube reach this altitude will eject box on the ground. The telemetry data are transmitted to the ground station through two communication applications, first using a LoRa based transceiver at which it receives a command from the LoRa ground station and the second one, and payload transmits the data by an SMS in 5min after it lands on the ground. Therefore, it could be recycled. This paper presents a Cube-Balloon fabrication and flight test information to acknowledge this Cube’s feasibility for real meteorological projects.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of the annual balance of Vadret da Morteratsch, Switzerland, since 1865

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 (50) ◽  
pp. 126-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Nemec ◽  
Philippe Huybrechts ◽  
Oleg Rybak ◽  
Johannes Oerlemans
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Surface Energy Fluxes ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Continuous Mass ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Precipitation Records ◽  
High Elevations ◽  
Annual Balance ◽  
Almost Continuous

AbstractWe have reconstructed the annual balance of Vadret da Morteratsch, Engadine, Switzerland, with a two-dimensional energy-balance model for the period 1865–2005. The model takes into account a parameterization of the surface energy fluxes, an albedo that decreases exponentially with snow depth as well as the shading effect of the surrounding mountains. The model was first calibrated with a 5 year record of annual balance measurements made at 20 different sites on the glacier between 2001 and 2006 using meteorological data from surrounding weather stations as input. To force the model for the period starting in 1865, we employed monthly temperature and precipitation records from nearby valley stations. The model reproduces the observed annual balance reasonably well, except for the lower part during the warmest years. Most crucial to the results is the altitudinal precipitation gradient, but this factor is hard to quantify from the limited precipitation data at high elevations. The simulation shows an almost continuous mass loss since 1865, with short interruptions around 1920, 1935 and 1980. A trend towards a more negative annual balance can be observed since the beginning of the 1980s. The simulated cumulative mass balance for the entire period 1865–2005 was found to be –46mw.e.

UTCI as the NWP model ALADIN (CHMI) output – first experiences

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-249
Author(s):  
Martin Novák
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Universal Thermal Climate Index ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
Weather Forecasters ◽  
Thermal Climate ◽  
Nwp Model

The article includes a summary of basic information about the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) calculation by the numerical weather prediction (NWP) model ALADIN of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI). Examples of operational outputs for weather forecasters in the CHMI are shown in the first part of this work. The second part includes results of a comparison of computed UTCI values by ALADIN for selected place with UTCI values computed from real measured meteorological data from the same place.

scholarly journals Toward a Weather-Based Forecasting System for Fire Blight and Downy Mildew

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Firanj Sremac ◽  
Branislava Lalić ◽  
Milena Marčić ◽  
Ljiljana Dekić
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
Nwp Model ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this research is to present a weather-based forecasting system for apple fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) and downy mildew of grapevine (Plasmopara viticola) under Serbian agroecological conditions and test its efficacy. The weather-based forecasting system contains Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) model outputs and a disease occurrence model. The weather forecast used is a product of the high-resolution forecast (HRES) atmospheric model by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). For disease modelling, we selected a biometeorological system for messages on the occurrence of diseases in fruits and vines (BAHUS) because it contains both diseases with well-known and tested algorithms. Several comparisons were made: (1) forecasted variables for the fifth day are compared against measurements from the agrometeorological network at seven locations for three months (March, April, and May) in the period 2012–2018 to determine forecast efficacy; (2) BAHUS runs driven with observed and forecast meteorology were compared to test the impact of forecasted meteorological data; and (3) BAHUS runs were compared with field disease observations to estimate system efficacy in plant disease forecasts. The BAHUS runs with forecasted and observed meteorology were in good agreement. The results obtained encourage further development, with the goal of fully utilizing this weather-based forecasting system.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Performance of CFSR Reanalysis Data Set for Estimating Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
AHMET IRVEM ◽  
Mustafa OZBULDU
Keyword(s):  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Actual Evapotranspiration ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Reanalysis Dataset ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Climate Forecast System Reanalysis ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Weather Stations

Abstract Evapotranspiration is an important parameter for hydrological, meteorological and agricultural studies. However, the calculation of actual evapotranspiration is very challenging and costly. Therefore, Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) is typically calculated using meteorological data to calculate actual evapotranspiration. However, it is very difficult to get complete and accurate data from meteorology stations in, rural and mountainous regions. This study examined the availability of the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) reanalysis data set as an alternative to meteorological observation stations in the computation of potential annual and seasonal evapotranspiration. The PET calculations using the CFSR reanalysis dataset for the period 1987-2017 were compared to data observed at 259 weather stations observed in Turkey. As a result of the assessments, it was determined that the seasons in which the CFSR reanalysis data set had the best prediction performance were the winter (C'= 0.76 and PBias = -3.77) and the autumn (C' = 0.75 and PBias = -12.10). The worst performance was observed for the summer season. The performance of the annual prediction was determined as C'= 0.60 and PBias = -15.27. These findings indicate that the results of the PET calculation using the CFSR reanalysis data set are relatively successful for the study area. However, the data should be evaluated with observation data before being used especially in the summer models.

scholarly journals Comparison of meteorological data, related to reference evapotranspiration, from conventional and automatic stations in the Sertão and Agreste regions of Pernambuco, Brazil

DYNA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (216) ◽  
pp. 176-183
Author(s):  
Iug Lopes ◽  
Miguel Julio Machado Guimarães ◽  
Juliana Maria Medrado de Melo ◽  
Ceres Duarte Guedes Cabral de Almeida ◽  
Breno Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Concordance Index ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Daily Scale ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Meteorological Elements

The objective was to perform a comparative study of the meteorological elements data that most cause changes in the reference Evapotranspiration (ETo, mm) and its own value, of automatic weather stations AWS and conventional weather stations CWS of the Sertão and Agreste regions of Pernambuco State. The ETo was calculated on a daily scale using the standard method proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Penman-Monteith (FAO-56). The ETo information obtained from AWS data can be used to update the weather database of stations, since there is a good relationship between the ETo data obtained from CWS and AWS, statistically determined by the Willmott's concordance index (d > 0.7). The observed variations in the weather elements: air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and global solar radiation have not caused significant changes in the ETo calculation.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DE DUAS ESTAÇÕES METEOROLÓGICAS AUTOMATIZADAS, PARA ESTIMATIVA DIÁRIA DA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA OBTIDA PELO MÉTODO DE PENMAN-MONTEITH

Irriga ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Eduardo Pitelli Turco ◽  
José Carlos Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Engineering Department ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Reference Crop

AVALIAÇÃO DE DUAS ESTAÇÕES METEOROLÓGICAS AUTOMATIZADAS, PARA ESTIMATIVA DIÁRIA DA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA OBTIDA PELO MÉTODO DE PENMAN-MONTEITH  José Eduardo Pitelli Turco1; José Carlos Barbosa21Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agrária e Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, SP, [email protected] de Ciências Exatas, Faculdade de Ciências Agrária e Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, SP  1        RESUMO              A finalidade deste trabalho foi a avaliação de estações meteorológicas automatizadas da marca Davis Instruments e Campbell Scientific, procurando detectar possíveis diferenças nas suas medições e estimativas. Foi, também, avaliada, nas duas estações, a integridade dos dados meteorológicos para estimativa da ETo. Os dados meteorológicos avaliados foram os seguintes: radiação solar global, saldo de radiação, temperatura do ar, umidade do ar, velocidade do vento e precipitação pluviométrica. O método de estimativa diária da evapotranspiração de referência avaliado foi o de Penman-Monteith, recomendado pela FAO como método padrão para estimar a ETo. As estações meteorológicas automatizadas da marca Davis Instruments e Campbell Scientific foram instaladas em uma área experimental do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da FCAV/UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, SP. Os dados foram coletados diariamente e analisados estatisticamente, por meio de análise de regressão. Foi aplicada uma técnica que verifica a integridade dos dados meteorológicos para estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência. O resultado da avaliação das duas estações, utilizando-se análise de regressão linear, mostra que as estimativas diárias da evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) apresentam diferenças aceitáveis. Aplicando a técnica que verifica a integridade dos dados meteorológicos, verificou-se que os dados de umidade relativa das duas estações e de precipitação da Campbell não foram de boa qualidade. UNITERMOS: evapotranspiração, estações automatizadas, intercomparação.  TURCO, J. E. P.; BARBOSA, J. C. TWO AUTOMATIC WEATHER  STATIONS  METEOROLOGICAL DATA EVALUATION BY  PENMAN-MONTEITH REFERENCE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION METHOD  2        ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare measurements and estimates from Davis and Campbell Scientific Instruments in two automatic weather stations. Integrity of meteorological data for estimates of evapotranspiration of reference crop (ETo) from both stations was also evaluated. The following meteorological data were evaluated: air temperature, air humidity, wind speed, precipitation, net radiation and global solar radiation. The Penman-Monteith reference method to estimate ETo was evaluated daily. The weather stations were set up in an experimental area of the Rural Engineering Department- FACV/UNESP, in Jaboticabal, State of Sao Paulo. Data were collected daily and statistical analysis was performed using linear regression analysis. The integrity of meteorological data to estimate ETo was evaluated. The results of the study in the stations using linear regression analysis showed that daily estimates for ETo had acceptable differences. The technique which evaluates the integrity of meteorological data revealed that data of relative humidity from both stations and of precipitation using Campbell Instruments were not good.           KEY WORDS: evapotranspiration, automatic weather station, intercomparison

scholarly journals The Double Star mission

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 2707-2712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. X. Liu ◽  
C. P Escoubet ◽  
Z. Pu ◽  
H. Laakso ◽  
J. K. Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Space Science ◽  
Double Star ◽  
The Other ◽  
Polar Orbit ◽  
Equatorial Orbit ◽  
Ground Station ◽  
Ground Segment ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Science Operations

Abstract. The Double Star Programme (DSP) was first proposed by China in March, 1997 at the Fragrant Hill Workshop on Space Science, Beijing, organized by the Chinese Academy of Science. It is the first mission in collaboration between China and ESA. The mission is made of two spacecraft to investigate the magnetospheric global processes and their response to the interplanetary disturbances in conjunction with the Cluster mission. The first spacecraft, TC-1 (Tan Ce means "Explorer"), was launched on 29 December 2003, and the second one, TC-2, on 25 July 2004 on board two Chinese Long March 2C rockets. TC-1 was injected in an equatorial orbit of 570x79000 km altitude with a 28° inclination and TC-2 in a polar orbit of 560x38000 km altitude. The orbits have been designed to complement the Cluster mission by maximizing the time when both Cluster and Double Star are in the same scientific regions. The two missions allow simultaneous observations of the Earth magnetosphere from six points in space. To facilitate the comparison of data, half of the Double Star payload is made of spare or duplicates of the Cluster instruments; the other half is made of Chinese instruments. The science operations are coordinated by the Chinese DSP Scientific Operations Centre (DSOC) in Beijing and the European Payload Operations Service (EPOS) at RAL, UK. The spacecraft and ground segment operations are performed by the DSP Operations and Management Centre (DOMC) and DSOC in China, using three ground station, in Beijing, Shanghai and Villafranca.

scholarly journals Error Correction of Meteorological Data Obtained with Mini-AWSs Based on Machine Learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hun Ha ◽  
Yong-Hyuk Kim ◽  
Hyo-Hyuc Im ◽  
Na-Young Kim ◽  
Sangjin Sim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Observation Interval ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Pressure Data ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Weather Events

Severe weather events occur more frequently due to climate change; therefore, accurate weather forecasts are necessary, in addition to the development of numerical weather prediction (NWP) of the past several decades. A method to improve the accuracy of weather forecasts based on NWP is the collection of more meteorological data by reducing the observation interval. However, in many areas, it is economically and locally difficult to collect observation data by installing automatic weather stations (AWSs). We developed a Mini-AWS, much smaller than AWSs, to complement the shortcomings of AWSs. The installation and maintenance costs of Mini-AWSs are lower than those of AWSs; Mini-AWSs have fewer spatial constraints with respect to the installation than AWSs. However, it is necessary to correct the data collected with Mini-AWSs because they might be affected by the external environment depending on the installation area. In this paper, we propose a novel error correction of atmospheric pressure data observed with a Mini-AWS based on machine learning. Using the proposed method, we obtained corrected atmospheric pressure data, reaching the standard of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO; ±0.1 hPa), and confirmed the potential of corrected atmospheric pressure data as an auxiliary resource for AWSs.

A Remote Sensing and Atmospheric Correction Method for Assessing Multispectral Radiative Transfer through Realistic Atmospheres and Clouds

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarred L. Burley ◽  
Steven T. Fiorino ◽  
Brannon J. Elmore ◽  
Jaclyn E. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Atmospheric Correction ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Diffuse Transmission ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Atmospheric Propagation

Abstract The ability to quickly and accurately model actual atmospheric conditions is essential to remote sensing analyses. Clouds present a particularly complex challenge, as they cover up to 70% of Earth’s surface, and their highly variable and diverse nature necessitates physics-based modeling. The Laser Environmental Effects Definition and Reference (LEEDR) is a verified and validated atmospheric propagation and radiative transfer code that creates physically realizable vertical and horizontal profiles of meteorological data. Coupled with numerical weather prediction (NWP) model output, LEEDR enables analysis, nowcasts, and forecasts for radiative effects expected for real-world scenarios. A recent development is the inclusion of the U.S. Air Force’s World-Wide Merged Cloud Analysis (WWMCA) cloud data in a new tool set that enables radiance calculations through clouds from UV to radio frequency (RF) wavelengths. This effort details the creation of near-real-time profiles of atmospheric and cloud conditions and the resulting radiative transfer analysis for virtually any wavelength(s) of interest. Calendar year 2015 data are analyzed to establish climatological limits for diffuse transmission in the 300–1300-nm band, and the impacts of various geometry, cloud microphysical, and atmospheric conditions are examined. The results show that 80% of diffuse band transmissions are estimated to fall between 0.248 and 0.889 under the assumptions of cloud homogeneity and maximum overlap and are sufficient for establishing diffuse transmission percentiles. The demonstrated capability provides an efficient way to extend optical wavelength cloud parameters across the spectrum for physics-based multiple-scattering effects modeling through cloudy and clear atmospheres, providing an improvement to atmospheric correction for remote sensing and cloud effects on system performance metrics.

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