scholarly journals MICRONUTRIENT SUPPLY FROM SULFATE SOURCES IN A PINE BARK MEDIUM

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1163b-1163
Author(s):  
Alexander X. Niemiera
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Irrigation Amount ◽  
Soilless Media ◽  
Micronutrient Status ◽  
Saturated Media ◽  
General Slope ◽  
Mn Concentrations

Amending soilless media with micronutrients is a routine nursery practice. The objective of this research was to determine the micronutrient status of pine bark amended with two sulfate micronutrient sources and a control (unmended). Limed pine bark was unamended, amended with Ironite (1 and 2 g/l), or Micromax (1g/l). Bark was irrigated with distilled water in amounts equivalent to 30, 60, 90, and 120 irrigations (.63 cm per irrigation). Following irrigations, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn were extracted with a modified saturated media extract method using .001M DPTA as the extractant. Irrigation amount had no effect on Cu and Mn concentrations which were greater in the Micromax treatment than the Ironite or control treatments. A micronutrient source × irrigation interaction existed for Fe and Zn concentrations requiring regression analysis. In general, slope values indicating the decrease in micronutrient values with increasing irrigations were quite low (≤ .001) for each source. Regardless of irrigation amount, Fe and Zn concentrations were similar for amended and unamended bark.

scholarly journals Dimethenamid Persistence and Leaching Potential in a Soilless Mix1

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Lori Robertson ◽  
Jeffrey F. Derr
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Combination Product ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Leaching Potential ◽  
Soilless Media ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nursery Production ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Irrigation Volume

Abstract Dimethenamid and the granular combination product pendimethalin plus dimethenamid are herbicides registered for use in nursery production and landscape maintenance. The objectives of this study were: (1) to compare the effectiveness of sprayed dimethenamid and the granular combination of pendimethalin plus dimethenamid in container nursery production, (2) to determine the impact of formulation on leaching of dimethenamid in soilless media versus field soil and (3) to determine the influence of irrigation volume on herbicide leaching. Dimethenamid is less mobile in pine bark than field soil, while pendimethalin is more mobile in pine bark. The leaching profile for the granular pendimethalin plus dimethenamid combination product was similar to dimethenamid in field soil and similar to pendimethalin in pine bark. There was no significant difference in herbicide movement in pine bark or field soil after doubling the irrigation volume from 17.8 cm (7 in) to 35.6 cm (14 in). Compared to pendimethalin, dimethenamid leaches less in pine bark, explaining its greater effectiveness for weed control in container production. Index words: Herbicide leaching, soilless mix, pine bark, ornamentals, adsorption. Species used in this study: southern crabgrass [Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel.]; spotted spurge [Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small]. Chemicals used in this study: dimethenamid (Tower); dimethenamid plus pendimethalin (FreeHand); pendimethalin (Pendulum 2G).

Comparison of Spurway and saturated media extracts of soilless media

1994 ◽  
Vol 25 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1255-1276
Author(s):  
G. C. Elliott ◽  
R. J. McAvoy ◽  
M. Abbot
Keyword(s):  
Soilless Media ◽  
Saturated Media

scholarly journals Analytical Method Validation of Azadirachtin Extracted From Azadirachta Indica

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (04) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Syed Imran Ul Haq ◽  
Tribhuvan Singh ◽  
Shaik Mohammed Salman ◽  
Afifa Namreen ◽  
Anas Rasheed
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Analytical Method Validation ◽  
Accuracy And Precision

A simple UV spectrophotometric method for the determination of Azadirachtin is developed exhibiting maximum absorbance using distilled water at 542nm.The present study is based on the detection of sample drug concentration using dichloro methane as diluent. All the conditions required were optimized. Statistical analysis was carried out and results of which were satisfactory. The optical characteristics such as absorption maxima, regression analysis and correlation coefficient are obtained. Recovery studies were close to 100% that indicate the accuracy and precision of proposed method and the non-interference of the formulation excipients. All the valid parameters are summarized.

scholarly journals Growth Response of Container-grown Pin Oak and Japanese Maple Seedlings to Sulfur Fertilization

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1524-1528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake F. Browder ◽  
Alexander X. Niemiera ◽  
J. Roger Harris ◽  
Robert D. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Substrate Solution ◽  
Quercus Palustris ◽  
Micronutrient Fertilizer ◽  
Sulfur Fertilization

Sulfur (S) is essential to the growth of higher plants; however, research on S fertilizer requirements for container-grown nursery tree species has not been established. The purpose of this study was to determine the substrate solution S concentration that maximizes the growth of container-grown pin oak (Quercus palustris Münchh) (pin oak–K2SO4 experiment) and japanese maple (Acer palmatum Thunb.) (japanese maple–K2SO4 experiment) in a pine bark (PB) substrate. Both species were fertilized with solutions supplying a range of S concentrations (0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 40, or 80 mg·L–1) using K2SO4. Regression analysis revealed that dry weights of both species were near maximum at the predicted application concentration of 30 mg·L–1 S, which corresponded to about 15 and 7 mg·L–1 S in substrate solution for pin oak and japanese maple, respectively. In a Micromax, FeSO4, lime experiment, S was supplied to pin oak via a preplant micronutrient sulfate fertilizer or FeSO4 in limed or unlimed PB. When the PB pH was relatively low (4.5, unlimed), FeSO4 and the preplant micronutrient fertilizer were effective in supplying ample S. However, when the PB pH was relatively high (6.1, limed), the preplant micronutrient fertilizer with micronutrients in a sulfate form was more effective in supplying S and micronutrients than FeSO4.

MANGANESE TOXICITY IN ECHINOCHLOA COLONA: EFFECTS OF DIVALENT MANGANESE ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghamitra Samantaray ◽  
Gyana Ranjan Rout ◽  
Premananda Das
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Hydroponic Culture ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Mn Concentration ◽  
Mn Concentrations

Manganese (Mn2+) toxicity is probably the second most important growth-limiting factor (after aluminum toxicity) for plants in acidic soils. The objective of our study was to determine the toxic effects of different concentrations of divalent Mn (MnCl2) on the growth of Echinochloa colona in hydroponic culture. Seed germination was not inhibited by Mn concentrations of 9.1 to 910 μM in distilled water. However, the higher Mn concentration (910 μM) in nutrient solution completely suppressed root development. Although chlorophyll content decreased with increased Mn concentrations in solution, dry weights of shoots were increased by the higher Mn treatments. These treatments also produced toxicity symptoms of leaf chlorosis and necrosis. Histological studies showed that the higher Mn concentrations caused disorganization of conductive and mesophyll tissues.

scholarly journals Acetylsalicylic acid increases postharvest longevity of ornamental sunflower inflorescence

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3Supl1) ◽  
pp. 1411-1420
Author(s):  
Ananda Covre da Silva ◽  
◽  
Helio Fernandes Ibanhes Neto ◽  
Ricardo Tadeu de Faria ◽  
Lúcia Sadayo Assari Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Maximum Dose ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Postharvest Longevity

Sunflower to be used in ornamental floral arrangements need to be free from damage, and have longer shelf life. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on the postharvest longevity of ornamental sunflower. Floral stems of the cultivar Vicent’s Choice from Sakata Seed were placed in flasks containing 350 mL of solution containing 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, or 1000 mg of ASA per liter of distilled water. Aspirin® (acetylsalicylic acid) tablets were used as the source of salicylic acid. Grades from 0 to 5 were assigned every day, according to a pre-established criteria for assessing the longevity and quality of the inflorescences. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, Tukey’s test (t = 0.05%), and regression analysis using Sisvar program. Significant differences were observed in the grades from the sixth to the tenth day of treatment, but not in the total longevity. Treatment with 400 mg L-1 of ASA improved the commercial longevity to an average of 9 days, about 4 days more than the control (0 mg L-1). At 400 mg L-1 dose, ASA prolongs the commercial longevity and maintains the postharvest quality of ornamental sunflower stems. However, at the maximum dose used (1000 mg L-1), the evaluated parameters did not show any improvement over the controls.

scholarly journals 546 Quantifying the Dose Response of Several Basic Chemicals on pH of Soilless Media

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 540B-540
Author(s):  
A.J. Bishko ◽  
P.R. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Potassium Bicarbonate ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Medium Ph ◽  
Soilless Media ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Initial Medium

Our objective was to systematically quantify the dose response from applications of several basic materials recommended for raising pH in acidic media. A peat (70%)/perlite (30%) medium was mixed with a pre-plant nutrient charge, a wetting agent, and 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, or 1.5 kg dolomitic hydrated lime/m3, resulting in a range in initial pH from 3.4 to 6.4. Five rates of flowable dolomitic limestone, five rates of potassium bicarbonate, two rates of potassium hydroxide, a supernatant of calcium hydroxide and a distilled water control were applied as single drenches. The medium was irrigated with distilled water when it dried to 50% container capacity as determined by weight. Media pH and EC of four replicates were tested at 1 day and 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after application as a saturated media extract. Flowable limestone and potassium bicarbonate both significantly raised medium pH by up to 2 units compared with the control, depending on concentration. As initial medium pH increased, the effect of the basic chemicals on medium pH decreased. For example, flowable lime applied at 0.5 L·100 L–1 of distilled water increased pH by 2 units at an initial medium pH of 3.4 and by 0.4 units at an initial pH of 6.4. Potassium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide drenches did not significantly raise pH. Potassium bicarbonate was easier to apply than the suspension of flowable limestone, however both chemicals provide practical methods for raising pH of soilless media.

scholarly journals Effect of Manganese Source on Manganese Uptake by Pygmy Date Palms

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1389-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Broschat
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Date Palms ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Manganese Uptake ◽  
Mn Concentration ◽  
Mn Concentrations

Pygmy date palms (Phoenix roebelenii `O'Brien') growing in a pine bark-Canadian peat-sand container medium and in a sandy field soil were fertilized with one of five commercially available Mn sources. Fertilization with Mn sulfate plus ammonium sulfate consistently increased Mn uptake above that of control palms. Four soluble Mn sources were applied to the foliage of container-grown palms, but only Mu sulfate consistently increased Mn concentrations in the leaves. Addition of urea, calcium hydroxide, or dimethylsulfozide did not improve Mn uptake from foliar sprays, and foliar sprays and soil applications were equally rapid in their effects on leaf Mn concentration.

scholarly journals Impact of Hydrogel on Physical Properties of Coarse-structured Horticultural Substrates

1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.C. Fonteno ◽  
T.E. Bilderback
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Polyacrylamide Hydrogel ◽  
Pressure Plate ◽  
Air Space

Addition of a polyacrylamide hydrogel to pine bark and pine bark + sand substrates had no effect on total porosity, regardless of incorporation rate. Container capacity was increased with increasing rate of hydrogel in both substrates. Air space in pine bark was slightly increased at the lowest rate but was reduced with higher incorporation rates. Air space in pine bark + sand was reduced with all hydrogel additions. The dry weigh', of hydrogel cubes recovered from both substrates was similar to amounts predicted. This result indicates that blending hydrogel granules into the substrates was uniform and did not contribute to variability in hydrogel studies. After allowing dry hydrogel granules to expand freely in distilled water for 24 hours, hydrogel granules expanded 317 and 372 times their dry weights at the lowest and highest rates, respectively. Reduction of expansion (in water) at higher rates may have been due to physical restriction of expansion. Conversely, recovered hydrogel cubes from substrates watered to drainage (-10% excess) for 6 weeks absorbed 25 to 55 times their dry weight while in the container. Subsequent rehydration of extracted gels in distilled water was greater for hydrogel cubes from the pine bark + sand medium (104 to 130) than in pine bark alone (51 to 88). Because of anomalies in hydraulic conductivity and pressure plate contact, three techniques were used to study unavailable water content in gels expanded in distilled water. Hydrogel cubes placed in direct contact with the pressure plate released ≈95% of their water at pressures ≤ 1.5 MPa. Effectiveness of ployacrylamide gels in coarse-structured substrates is influenced by physical restrictions to expansion in the substrate and hydraulic conductivity between the hydrogel cubes and the surrounding substrate.

Biophysical Measurement of Molecular Weight of Foot-and-Mouth Disease RNA Fragments

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 262-263
Author(s):  
Sydney S. Breese ◽  
Howard L. Bachrach
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Bovine Plasma ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Rna Fragments ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Continuing studies on the physical and chemical properties of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) have included electron microscopy of RNA strands released when highly purified virus (1) was dialyzed against demlneralized distilled water. The RNA strands were dried on formvar-carbon coated electron microscope screens pretreated with 0.1% bovine plasma albumin in distilled water. At this low salt concentration the RNA strands were extended and were stained with 1% phosphotungstic acid. Random dispersions of strands were recorded on electron micrographs, enlarged to 30,000 or 40,000 X and the lengths measured with a map-measuring wheel. Figure 1 is a typical micrograph and Fig. 2 shows the distributions of strand lengths for the three major types of FMDV (A119 of 6/9/72; C3-Rezende of 1/5/73; and O1-Brugge of 8/24/73.

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