scholarly journals EFFECTS OF SULFATE SALINITY AND SELENIUM TOLERANCE OF PLANTS ON SELENIUM ASSIMILATION IN WHITE CLOVER AND TALL FESCUE.

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 657a-657
Author(s):  
Lin Wu ◽  
Zhang Z. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Exclusion Mechanism ◽  
Se Uptake

Substantial difference of selenium tolerance was found between the tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and white clover (Trifolium rapens L.) An inverse relationship between Se accumulation and Se tolerance suggests an exclusion mechanism that restricts Se uptake by the plant with greater Se tolerance. A positive relationship between the increase of protein Se concentration and growth inhibition in the plants suggests that assimilation of Se into protein is responsible for the reducing Se toxicity at the protein level. No evidence of a Se exclusion mechanism which exclude Se from incorporating into protein plays any major role of Se tolerance in this two species.

THE PERFORMANCE OF S170 TALL FESCUE IN CANTERBURY

1974 ◽  
pp. 214-215
Author(s):  
B.R. Watkin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Selection Of

AN Aberystwyth selection of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), known as S170, was sown with certified New Zealand white clover (Trifolium repens) and re' clover (T. pratense) and compared under sheep grazing with other grass/clover pastures at the Grasslands Division Regional Station at Lincoln (Watkin, 1975) .

scholarly journals Effect of pasture species on internal parasites of lambs

1996 ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.L. Knight ◽  
R.A. Moss ◽  
T.J. Fraser ◽  
J.S. Rowarth ◽  
R.N. Burton
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Adult Nematode ◽  
Intestinal Nematode ◽  
Nematode Parasites

Increasing resistance of gastro-intestinal nematode parasites to anthelmintics and consumer resistance to the possibility of residues in animal products have prompted research on the effect of pasture species on nematodes and animal performance. Lambs (either infected with high rates of gastrointestinal nematodes or maintained nematode-free) were grazed on pure swards of chicory, high- or low-endophyte ryegrass, cocksfoot, tall fescue, lucerne, lotus, white clover or plantain. Infected lambs that grazed chicory had lower faecal egg counts and adult nematode populations, and higher carcass weights, than lambs grazed on plantain or the grass species; lambs that grazed legumes generally had intermediate counts, populations and weights. When kept parasite-free, carcass weights were up to 48% greater than in the nematodeinfected treatments. On farmlets run over 3 years, substituting 30% of the ryegrass area with lucerne or replacing the ryegrass with a multi-species mix consisting predominantly of bromes, tall fescue, phalaris, timothy and red and white clover, had no effect on gastrointestinal nematode larvae, lamb faecal worm egg or adult nematode numbers. It is concluded that a diet of pure chicory affects internal parasite populations but the small proportion included in the farmlet studies had no effect. Keywords: Cichorium intybus, Dactylis glomerota, Festuca arundinacea, gastro-intestinal nematodes, lambs, Lolium perenne, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago sativa, pasture species, Plantago lanceolata, Trifolium repens

scholarly journals Role of Social Capital on Prospering Informal sector Enterprise (Case of Street Vendors in street market Dewi Sartika, Bogor)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dedy Yahya Harahap ◽  
Ivanovich Agusta
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Spearman Rank

PERAN MODAL SOSIAL TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN PENGUSAHA SEKTOR INFORMAL (Kasus Pengusaha Sektor Informal di Pasar Jl. Dewi Sartika, Bogor)Goal of the study was to test contribution social capital on migration, of the informal sector, social capital education entrepreneurs to improve informal sector entrepreneurs. The research conducts quantitative approach by survey methods and supported by qualitative data. The results showed assosiation between social capital and informal entrepreneur’s welfare. Spearman rank test between social anf welfare showed -0.480. That indicated inverse relationship among them. Spearman rank test between social capital on imigration and welfare showed 0.723. That indicate positive relationship between them. Spearman rank test between social capital an education and welfare showed 1.000. That indicated fully positive relationship between them.Keywords : Welfare, Social Capital, Informal Sector.---------------------ABSTRAK Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah menguji kontribusi modal sosial pekerja pengusaha sektor informal, modal sosial migrasi sektor informal, modal sosial pendidikan pengusaha sektor informal dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan pengusaha sektor informal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survey didukung dengan data kualitatif berupa wawancara mendalam, observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, peran modal sosial terhadap kesejahteraan berhubungan nyata. Uji kolerasi rank spearman menunjukkan bahwa hubungan pengusaha sektor informal dan kesejahteraan sebesar -0.480 dan nilai probabilitas sebesar 0.004. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan hubungan kuat namun berdifat negatif. Hubungan modal sosial migrasi pengusaha sektor informal dan kesejahteraan sebesar 0.723 dan nilai probabilitas sebesar 0.000. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan hubungan yang kuat dan bersifat positif antara kedua variabel. Hubungan modal sosial pendidikan pengusaha sektor informal dan kesejahteraan sebesar 1.000 dan nilai probabiliti sebesar 1.000. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan hubungan yang kuat, bersifat positif antara kedua variabel.Kata Kunci : Kesejahteraan, modal sosial, sektor informal.

The effect of soil temperature, sowing depth and soil bulk density on the seedling emergence of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.)

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
GW Charles ◽  
GJ Blair ◽  
AC Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
A Value ◽  
High Bulk Density ◽  
High Bulk

The effects of temperature (constant 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24�C, and an alternating 6/12�C temperature regime), sowing depth (0, 15, 30 and 45 mm), and soil bulk density (1.1 and 1.3 g cm-3) were examined on the emergence of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea, cv. Demeter) and white clover (Trifolium repens, cv. Haifa) in a factorial experiment, in controlled temperature cabinets. Mitscherlich curves were fitted to the emergence data and treatment effects on the maximum emergence percentage (A), rate of emergence (K) and time to first emergence (To), were statistically analysed. Temperature was the major factor affecting the fescue A value. The A value was low at 3 and 6�C, but increased as temperature increased to 12�C. It was depressed by the 45 mm sowing depth and by high bulk density at 30 and 45 mm. For white clover, sowing depth had a strong effect on A. Over all temperatures, A was high for surface sowing and low for deeper sowing (30 and 45 mm). For shallow sowing (15 mm), A was intermediate and increased with rising temperature. High bulk density depressed A at 15 mm. For both species, To increased as sowing depth increased, and decreased as temperature increased. The effect of sowing depth was more apparent at low temperatures. The K value for fescue increased gradually as temperature increased, but sowing depth had no effect. For clover, K increased markedly with rises in temperature for surface sowing, with smaller increases for 15, 30 and 45 mm depths. The 6/12�C regime responses for A and To were similar to the constant 12�C, while the K response was similar to the constant 9�C; these trends were similar for fescue and clover. It was concluded that establishment failures from direct drilling tall fescue on the Northern Tablelands can be related to low soil temperatures in winter (below 9�C), and for white clover, to excessive sowing depth (greater than 15 mm), particularly on high bulk density soils.

scholarly journals USING WILD MUSTARD AND TALL FESCUE TO LOWER BORON AND SELENIUM CONCENTRATION IN THE SOIL

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 656f-656
Author(s):  
G.S. Banuelos ◽  
G. Cardon ◽  
L. Wu ◽  
S. Zambrzuski ◽  
S. Akohoue
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Total Tissue ◽  
Se Uptake

High concentration of boron (B) and selenium (Se) found in the environment may be detrimental to the sustainability of agriculture in regions of the western USA. Boron and Se uptake by wild mustard (Brassica juncea (L Czern & Coss.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb. L.) was investigated under greenhouse conditions in thermic typic torriorthent soils containing naturally high levels of B and Se. The design structure was a randomized complete block with six 18-L plots per treatment, three blocks, and two treatments. After plants were harvested and separated into shoots and roots, tissues were analyzed for total tissue B and Se, and soils from each pot were analyzed for residual B and Se. The highest concentrations of B were recovered in shoots from wild mustard and roots from tall fescue. Tissue Se concentrations were generally similar in both plant species. Post-harvest soil B and Se concentrations were significantly lowered irrespective of the plant species and of the harvest. The effectiveness of using wild mustard and tall fescue for B and Se soil reclamation will be discussed.

scholarly journals Productivity of caucasian clover based pastures under irrigation

1996 ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
R.A. Moss ◽  
R.N. Burton ◽  
B.E. Allan
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Trifolium Ambiguum ◽  
Measurement Period

Grasslands Kara cocksfoot, Grasslands Nui ryegrass, Grasslands Roa tall fescue, Grasslands Gala grazing brome and Grasslands Maru phalaris were sown as single grass species with either white or Caucasian clover during December 1993, on a Lismore stony silt loam in Canterbury. Plots were irrigated and rotationally grazed by sheep. Total herbage produced during the first measurement period (September 1994 to July 1995) averaged 13.6 t DM/ha. All white clover-based swards produced similar yields, but with Caucasian clover, phalaris-based swards produced the most and ryegrass and grazing brome the least. Production tended to be lower from pastures sown with Caucasian than white clover (12.9 cf. 14.2,kg DM/ha). During the second measurement period (July 1995 to May 1996) total production was similar with both legumes. When evaluated over both measurement periods, phalaris and tall fescue gave the highest and cocksfoot and ryegrass the lowest production when sown with white clover, while cocksfoot and grazing brome were the lowestproducing swards with Caucasian clover. Ten --months-after-sow.ing,-white-cIover-contributed-in excess of40% of the DM in all swards except with ryegrass and grazing brome where it contributed 20%. The proportion of white clover then declined in all pastures over the following 20 months, ryegrass-based swards having the highest (10%) and cocksfoot the lowest (1%). When sown with Caucasian clover the legume content of swards increased during the 12 months from spring 1994 in swards containing phalaris, tall fescue and grazing brome. The proportion of legume in -cocksfoot swardsmdeclined-continuously from 22 to 4% over the 20 months while it increased continuously from 4 to 28% with ryegrass. The legume content in lo-month-old pastures was higher when sown with white than with Caucasian clover but this ratio was reversed by 28 months. This occurred with all pasture types but was most pronounced with ryegrass and cocksfoot pastures. The present experiment shows Caucasian clover can make a major contribution in irrigated pastures in Canterbury. 'Wattie Bush, RD 22, Peel Forest, Geruldine Keywords: Bromus stamineus, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca arundinacea, grazed pastures, herbage production, Lolium perenne, Phalaris aquatica, Trifolium ambiguum, Trifolium repens

scholarly journals Response of simple grass-white clover and multi-species pastures to gibberellic acid or nitrogen fertiliser in autumn

2013 ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H. Van Rossum ◽  
R.H. Bryant ◽  
G.R. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser

Herbage dry matter (DM) production, botanical composition and nutritive value of pastures were measured in response to the application of 24 g/ ha gibberellic acid (GA; 60 g ProGibb®/ha) and 50 kg N/ha nitrogen fertiliser (N; 106 kg urea/ha) in autumn. Responses were compared for simple two species grass (perennial ryegrass or tall fescue)-white clover pastures and multi-species pastures where herbs (chicory and plantain), legumes (red clover and lucerne) and prairie grass were sown with the simple mixtures. Four weeks after application, the increase in DM yield averaged across pasture mixtures relative to untreated plots was 273, 104, and 493 kg DM/ha for GA alone, N fertiliser alone, and GA and N combined, respectively. Application of GA increased the white clover percentage in all pastures except simple tall fescue pastures. The percentage of herbs in multispecies pastures was increased by application of N but not GA. Crude protein concentration was decreased by GA application in all pastures except simple ryegrass pastures. The results from this study show that it is important to consider the botanical composition of pastures when determining the effect of GA on DM yield and nutritive value. Keywords: crude protein, Cichorium intybus, Festuca arundinacea, gibberellins, Lolium perenne, Plantago lanceolata, nutritive value

Growth of pasture species on the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Lazenby ◽  
JV Lovett
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Available Soil Moisture ◽  
Capacitance Probe

The production of herbage by five pasture species—Phalaris tuberosa (phalaris), Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue), Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass), Trifolium repens (white clover) and Medicago sativa (lucerne)—was measured when they were grown in the field in monoculture, and by phalaris and white clover when grown in mixture. The plots were irrigated to prevent water deficits, and five levels of nitrogen were included; the mixture was also grown under dryland conditions. All plots were defoliated at intervals during a period of 3 years. A capacitance probe was used in an attempt to determine harvest times more objectively, and to establish long-term relationships between meter readings and components of plant yield. Major differences in production were detected between the species, lucerne producing most in the first 2 years of the experiment. Nitrogen and available soil moisture affected both production and botanical composition, and significant differences were detected in species' responses to applied nitrogen and in nitrogen recovery. The performance of lucerne and tall fescue suggests that both species deserve to be more widely grown on the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales.

Resistance of New Zealand dairy pastures to ingress of summer-active annual grass weeds

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. N. Tozer ◽  
E. Minneé ◽  
C. A. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
First Year ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Bare Ground ◽  
Second Year

Yellow bristle grass (Setaria pumila) and summer grass (Digitaria sanguinalis) are summer-active annual grass weeds which infest temperate dairy pastures. A study was undertaken over 2 years to compare hand-sown yellow bristle and summer grass establishment, survival, and seed production in pastures grazed by dairy cows and based on (i) tetraploid perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), (ii) tetraploid perennial ryegrass and white clover (Trifolium repens), and (iii) tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and white clover, to determine which pasture type offered the greatest resistance to these grass weeds. Ingress of grass weeds was similar in all three pasture types. Total dry matter production was similar for all pasture types for the first year and lower in tall fescue + clover than perennial ryegrass pasture in the second year. All pasture types had a similar distribution of microsite types (bare ground ± canopy, basal cover ± canopy) in both years. The annual grass weeds were most prevalent in bare ground + canopy microsites, which were also the most frequent of the four microsite types. In the first year, <5% of microsites were occupied within 2 months of sowing, whereas in the second year, microsite occupation remained >13% for all assessments. In the first year, panicle production of yellow bristle and summer grass was similar (averaging 4.1 panicles plant–1); in the second year, panicle production was greater for summer grass (0.80 v. 0.16 panicles plant–1, respectively). Where present, these annual grass weeds are likely to spread in dryland dairy pastures sown with either perennial ryegrass or tall fescue. Variability in their panicle production between years shows how their impact on pasture performance and consequent need for control measures will also vary from year to year.

scholarly journals Infestation of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) with Neotyphodium coenophialum and its influence on growth of chosen microorganisms in vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Pańka
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Neotyphodium Coenophialum ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Growth Inhibition Zone

Occurrence of <i>Neotyphodium coenophialum</i> in tall fescue cultivars cultivated in Poland and determination an endophyte inhibition effect on mycelium growth of chosen microorganisms <i>in vitro</i> were investigated. Seventeen seed lots of 11 cultivars of tall fescue were examined. The endophyte mycelium was dyed with bengal rose and microscopically examined to detect <i>N. coenophialum</i>. Occurrence of endophyte was checked with PCR method. Influence of endophyte on growth of 15 microorganisms was established in the laboratory conditions on Petri dishes with PDA medium at 10, 20 and 30<sup>°</sup>C. <i>Neotyphodium coenophialum</i> occurred only in two seed lots, 'Barrocco' - 42% and Terros - 2%. Living mycelium of endophyte was isolated only from 'Barrocco'. The highest mycelium growth inhibition of <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i>, <i>Fusarium avenaceum</i>, <i>F. equiseti</i>, <i>Microdochium nivale</i> and <i>Gaeumannomyces graminis</i> by endophyte at 30<sup>°</sup>C was recorded. The highest width of growth inhibition zone (4mm) was detected for the last pathogen. Mycelium growth of <i>B. sorokiniana</i> and <i>M. nivale</i> was not inhibited at 10<sup>°</sup>C, and for <i>F. avenaceum</i> at 10 and 20<sup>°</sup>C.

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