Enhancement of Seed Germination in Common Carpetgrass and Centipedegrass Seed

Priming or presoaking seed of common carpetgrass (Axonopus affinis Chase) and centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides Munro. (Kunz)] increased germination percentage and decreased mean time of germination (MTG) at 20, 25, and 30 °C. The effect of presoaking and priming was dependent on grass species and temperature. The optimum seed germination temperature for both of these warm-season species was 30 °C. Maximum effect on common carpetgrass or centipedegrass seeds was achieved by priming in 2% KNO3; higher concentrations did not improve germination percentage or MTG, and 4% was in some cases detrimental. Germination was higher and MTG lower at 20 and 30 °C than at 15 °C. Presoaking common carpetgrass and centipedegrass seeds was the most efficient seed enhancement treatment for germination at 30 °C.

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335 Light Exposure and Gibberelic Acid Effects on Common Carpetgrass (Axonopus affinis Chase) and Centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.] Seed Germination

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.35.3.449e ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 449E-449

Author(s):

Edward Bush ◽

Paul Wilson ◽

Gloria McClure

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Light Exposure ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Grass Species ◽

Fluorescent Light ◽

Light Duration ◽

Gibberelic Acid ◽

Eremochloa Ophiuroides ◽

Filter Papers

A study to determine the influence of light duration on seed germination was performed in a temperature-controlled growth chamber. Light treatments consisted of 0 (control), 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 h of light exposure. Cool fluorescent light bulbs provided 19 μMol·m-2·s-1 light. Fifty seeds of each treatment were placed into separately labeled 6.0-cm-diameter petri dishes lined with Whatman #42 filter papers moistened with 2 mL of distilled water. Seed of both species germinated poorly in the control treatment. Mean time of germination (MTG) and germination percentage increased for both species when seeds were exposed to light. Pre-soaking seed in gibberellic acid (GA) significantly improved germination percentages of both species compared to the untreated control. Centipedegrass germination percentage and MTG also increased with light exposure. Carpetgrass seed germination was not enhanced by GA treatments with light exposure. The results of this experiment suggests that, if seed are covered too deeply, excluding light, MTG and percentage germination will be reduced. However, pre-soaking seed in a GA solution can improve dark germination by as much as 50% for both grass species.

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Effect of salinity and temperature on seed germination in Limonium cossonianum

Botany ◽

10.1139/cjb-2012-0157 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 91 (1) ◽

pp. 12-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Esther Giménez Luque ◽

Isabel C. Delgado Fernández ◽

Francisco Gómez Mercado

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Balearic Islands ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Endemic Plant ◽

Temperature Regimes ◽

Salinity Levels ◽

Mean Time ◽

Different Levels ◽

Ornamental Species

Limonium cossonianum Kuntze is an interesting endemic plant in the southeastern Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands that can be used in wetland restoration and as an ornamental species in saline areas. Experiments were carried out to investigate seed germination responses in L. cossonianum at different levels of salinity (0, 100, 200, and 400 mmol/L NaCl) and under different temperature regimes (20/10, 25/15, 30/20, and 35/25 °C, day/night), both in a 14 h light – 10 h dark photoperiod. Seed germination in L. cossonianum was significantly affected by salinity levels, temperature, and the interaction of both parameters. Maximum germination was recorded in the lowest saline media (100 mmol/L NaCl) and distilled water (0 mmol/L NaCl) at 20/10 °C. No seeds germinated in concentrations above 200 mmol/L NaCl at the higher temperatures. The increase in salinity delayed the beginning and end of germination, reduced final germination percentage, and increased mean time to germination. The rate of germination decreased with an increase in salinity and temperature.

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Seed-germination response of Leymus chinensis to cold stratification in a range of temperatures, light and low water potentials under salt and drought stresses

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp16402 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 188 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jixiang Lin ◽

Yujie Shi ◽

Shuang Tao ◽

Xingyang Yu ◽

Dafu Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Northeast China ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Leymus Chinensis ◽

Grass Species ◽

Cold Stratification ◽

Effective Measure ◽

Salt And Drought Stresses

Leymus chinensis has important forage value and is considered a useful grass species for grassland restoration in Northeast China. However, little information exists concerning the germination responses of this species to interactions of cold stratification, light, temperature and low water potential caused by salinity and drought. Experiments were conducted in growth chambers, and the results showed that in all conditions of light, temperature and water stresses, the germination percentages of cold-stratified seeds were higher than of non-stratified seeds. Light had an inhibitory effect on germination percentage under both non-saline and salt stress conditions; darkness is beneficial for germination of this species. In addition, seeds germinated much better under alternating temperature regimes than under constant temperatures. Both salt and drought stresses decreased the germination percentage of Leymus chinensis, but the reductions under drought stress were much greater. Moreover, after being transferred to distilled water, most non-germinated seeds under drought stress germinated well, and the total percentage reached that of the non-saline condition level. Therefore, cold stratification is an effective measure to increase seed germination and salt or drought tolerance, especially in darkness. We conclude that Leymus chinensis has definite salt and drought tolerance during the germination stage and it is a promising species for the restoration of deteriorated grassland in Northeast China.

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Allelopathy effect of Prosopis juliflora on selected grass species (Cenchrus ciliaris, Paspalidium desertorum and Lintonia nutans)

Journal of Phytology ◽

10.25081/jp.2021.v13.7004 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 75-78

Author(s):

Ali Noha ◽

Lisanework Nigatu ◽

Rejila Manikandan

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Prosopis Juliflora ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Grass Species ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽

Regional State

Prosopis juliflora growing frightening rate of invasiveness had affected the livelihood of the pastoral communities in the Amibara rangeland of Afar National Regional State. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the allelopathy effect of an aqueous leaf, bark, and root extracts of Prosopis juliflora on selected grass species such as Cenchrus ciliaris, Paspalidium desertorum, and Lintonia nutans. A total of 10 soil samples were collected from the Amibara rangeland of Afar National Regional State. The collected soil samples were mixed in a plastic bag to get composite soil. Further, the composite soil sample was subjected to analysis of physic-chemical characters (pH, soil organic matter, phosphorus, and nitrogen content). To study the allelopathy effect of Prosopis juliflora on selected grass species. To this, aqueous extracts were prepared from powdered leaf, bark, and root of Prosopis juliflora at different concentration levels (0%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10%). Further, the extracts were subjected to analysis of seed germination percentage and seedling growth of selected grass species such as Cenchrus ciliaris, Paspalidium desertorum and Lintonia nutans. Prosopis juliflora showed a significant inhibitory effect on seed germination of Cenchrus ciliaris, Paspalidium desertorum, and Lintonia nutans. grass species. Among the leaf, bark, and root aqueous extracts, the leaf showed the highest inhibitory effect on seed germination percentage, and the effect also concentration-dependent. Prosopis juliflora aqueous extracts of leaf, bark, and root of were exhibited significant inhibition on the fresh shoot biomass weights of Cenchrus ciliaris, Paspalidium desertorum and Lintonia nutans. when compared to the control. While the fresh shoot biomass weight of Cenchrus ciliaris and Paspalidium desertorum was highly deteriorated at (5% and 10%). Whereas, the fresh shoot biomass weight of Lintonia nutans momentously retarded at (1% and 5%) as compared to the control.

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Application and use of sulphuric acid pretreatment to improve seed germination of three acacia species

REFORESTA ◽

10.21750/refor.3.01.25 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Abdenour Kheloufi ◽

Lahouaria Mounia Mansouri ◽

Faiza Zineb Boukhatem

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Sulphuric Acid ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Water Control ◽

Acid Pretreatment ◽

Acacia Species ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Mean Time ◽

Positive Effect

The experiments were led to study the effect of pretreatments and their duration on germination behavior of three Acacia species A. cyanophylla Lindl., A. farnesiana L. and A. decurrens Willd. by analyzing three parameters (GP: germination percentage; MGT: germination mean time (days) and GRI: germination rate index) for various times of incubation (5, 10 and 15 days) in Petri dishes. Pre-sowing treatment included immersion in concentrated sulphuric acid for 60, 90 and 120 minutes. The sowing in distilled water (Control) had no positive effect on the germination induction. Generally, the seed pretreatments were very useful to improve germination. Time of immersion significantly (P < 0.0001) affected GP, MGT and GRI in all species. Increasing the duration of sulphuric acid immersion (from 60 to 120 min) improved the germination percentages for A. cyanophylla and A. farnesiana seeds to (98% and 99%), respectively. However, increasing this duration had a negative effect on A. decurrens seed germination, reducing the final germination percentage from 97% at 60 minutes of immersion to 43% at 120 minutes.

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Screening and Selection of Twenty Iranian Wheatgrass Genotypes for Tolerance to Salinity Stress during Seed Germination and Seedling Growth Stage

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci12103-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (8) ◽

pp. 1125-1134 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mohamad-Hossein Sheikh-Mohamadi ◽

Nematollah Etemadi ◽

Ali Nikbakht ◽

Mostafa Farajpour ◽

Mostafa Arab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Salinity Stress ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Growth Stage ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Grass Species ◽

Agropyron Elongatum ◽

Four Levels ◽

Tolerance To Salinity

Desert wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum L.), tall wheatgrass (Agropyron elongatum L.), and crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum L.) are native cool-season grass species that exhibit potential as a low-input turfgrass. An increased understanding of the biochemical and physiological responses of wheatgrass species and genotypes to salt stress conditions is important for developing genotypes with enhanced tolerance to salinity. The objective of this study was to characterize the physiological and antioxidative properties in 20 Iranian wheatgrass genotypes and to observe their responses to salinity stress during seed germination and seedling growth stage. A completely randomized factorial design was used with two types of factors, four levels of salinity (0, 50, 100, and 150 mm of NaCl), wheatgrass genotypes, and three replicates. In this experiment, the results demonstrated that salinity limits the germination of Iranian wheatgrass genotype seeds. The result of this study showed that among the wheatgrass genotypes, ‘AD1’, ‘AD3,’ ‘AC6’, and ‘FA’ took the shortest average time to germinate. Higher levels of final germination percentage (FGP) were observed in ‘AD2’, ‘AD3’, and ‘AE5’ under salinity stress than other genotypes throughout the experiment. During a prolonged period of study, ‘AD1’ had greater rate of germination (GR) than other genotypes. Out of the 21 genotypes, five genotypes (‘AD1’, ‘AD2’, ‘AD3’, ‘AE5’, and ‘FA’ genotypes) were in the range of “salinity tolerant genotypes” cluster. The ‘AD1’, ‘AD2’, ‘AD3’, ‘AE5’, and ‘FA’ genotypes generally performed better than other genotypes under salinity conditions, mainly through maintaining higher enzymatic activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) (EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT) (EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (EC 1.11.1.11) and peroxidase (POD) (EC 1.111.1.7), and nonenzymatic antioxidant activities by glutathione (GSH). The ‘AD1’, ‘AD2’, ‘AD3’, ‘AE5’, and ‘FA’ genotypes also had higher proline levels and more of total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) content, lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and lower hydrogen peroxide content (H2O2).

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Mobilization of reserves and germination of seeds of Erythrina velutina Willd. (Leguminosae - Papilionoideae) under different osmotic potentials

Revista Brasileira de Sementes ◽

10.1590/s0101-31222012000400008 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 580-588 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Renata Conduru Ribeiro Reis ◽

Bárbara França Dantas ◽

Claudinéia Regina Pelacani

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Osmotic Potential ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Uniformity Coefficient ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Germination Process ◽

Mean Time ◽

Osmotic Potentials

Some environmental factors, including water availability, may influence seed germination. This study investigated the germination of E. velutina seeds submitted to different osmotic potentials and mobilization of reserves during water-stress. Scarified seeds were arranged in paper rolls and soaked in solutions of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) prepared in osmotic potentials 0.0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, and -0.8 MPa and kept into a seed germinator, at 25 °C, and 12/12 h photoperiod (L/D), during 10 days. The percentage, mean time, mean speed, germination speed index; as well as the germination uniformity coefficient were assessed. During germination process the total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, soluble protein, and total amino acids were quantified in the cotyledon, hypocotyl and radicle of soaked seeds and cotyledons of quiescent seeds (control). There was influence of osmotic potential on E. velutina seed germination. The germination percentage remained at high levels until -0.6 MPa and above this osmotic potential there has been no germination. The mobilization of stored reserves of carbon and nitrogen in E. velutina seeds was also influenced by water-stress. There was sensitiveness between -0.2 and -0.6 MPa; however, the degradation and the mobilization of reserves was slower when the osmotic potential decreased.

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Germination Characteristics of Three Warm-season Turfgrasses Subjected to Matriconditioning and Aging

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.17.4.480 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 480-485 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Gokhan Hacisalihoglu

Keyword(s):

Cynodon Dactylon ◽

Warm Season ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Aging Treatment ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Paspalum Notatum ◽

Germination Time ◽

Germination Characteristics ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

Eremochloa Ophiuroides

Many warm-season turfgrass seeds have relatively poor germination percentages. Matriconditioning is a seed enhancement technique with a solid carrier and may be a practical solution to improve the germination characteristics of warm-season turfgrass. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of matriconditioning on three nonaged and aged turfgrass cultivars: ‘Pensacola’ bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum), ‘Princess’ bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon), and ‘Common’ centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides). Seeds were matriconditioned with a synthetic calcium silicate (MicroCel E) as a carrier and water at 30 °C for 5 days. Seed, carrier, and water ratio was 1 g, 0.5 g, and 1.5 mL, respectively. Matriconditioning increased final germination to 55% (bahiagrass), 90% (bermudagrass), and 70% (centipedegrass) compared with 92% in nontreated control seeds. Furthermore, matriconditioning decreased mean germination time 20% to 65% in all seeds compared with the nontreated control. Accelerated aging was induced by storing seeds for 0, 7, and 14 days at 42 °C and 95% relative humidity. Germination percentage decreased and mean germination time increased with the aging, especially after 14 days of aging treatment. These results suggest that matriconditioning is an effective technique to improve turfgrass seed performance.

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Effects of drought and temperature on the germination of seeds of Seriphidium transiliense, a desert xerophytic subshrub of Xinjiang, China

Seed Science and Technology ◽

10.15258/sst.2020.48.3.04 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 355-365

Author(s):

Aiping Chen ◽

Yuxiang Wang ◽

Xiaoqing Sui ◽

Guili Jin ◽

Kun Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Arid Regions ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Temperature Regimes ◽

Germination Ability ◽

Germination Characteristics ◽

Vigour Index ◽

Effects Of Drought ◽

Plant Life Cycle ◽

Mean Time

Global warming has led to changes in rainfall patterns in many regions and it has an increasing impact on the availability of water for plants, especially in the arid and semi-arid regions. Seed germination is the most critical stage in the plant life cycle, it determines whether or not the population can successfully establish. Here, we assessed the seed germination characteristics of Seriphidium transiliense under six water potentials and four temperature regimes. S. transiliense seeds could germinate from 5/15°C to 20/30°C, while the optimum temperature regime was 10/20°C. As water potential decreased, the germination percentage, germination index, germination energy, vigour index, plumule length and radicle length increased and then decreased, while mean time to germinate decreased and then increased. The optimum condition for S. transiliense seed germination was -0.2 MPa at 10/20°C. Some seeds that failed to germinate under drought conditions were transferred to distilled water and recovered germination ability.

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Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Seed Germination of Three Common Grass Species

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.731433 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yongjie Liu ◽

Shuang Zhang ◽

Hans J. De Boeck ◽

Fujiang Hou

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Festuca Arundinacea ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Grass Species ◽

Temperature Level ◽

The Face ◽

Salinity Levels ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

Temperature Levels

Temperature and salinity significantly affect seed germination, but the joint effects of temperature and salinity on seed germination are still unclear. To explore such effects, a controlled experiment was conducted, where three temperature levels (i.e., 15, 20, and 25°C) and five salinity levels (i.e., 0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mmol/L) were crossed, resulting in 15 treatments (i.e., 3 temperature levels × 5 salinity levels). Three typical grass species (Festuca arundinacea, Bromus inermis, and Elymus breviaristatus) were used, and 25 seeds of each species were sown in petri dishes under these treatments. Germination percentages and germination rates were calculated on the basis of the daily recorded germinated seed numbers of each species. Results showed that temperature and salinity significantly affected seed germination percentage and germination rate, which differed among species. Specifically, F. arundinacea had the highest germination percentage, followed by E. breviaristatus and B. inermis, with a similar pattern also found regarding the accumulated germination rate and daily germination rate. Generally, F. arundinacea was not sensitive to temperature within the range of 15–25°C, while the intermediate temperature level improved the germination percentage of B. inermis, and the highest temperature level benefited the germination percentage of E. breviaristatus. Moreover, F. arundinacea was also not sensitive to salinity within the range of 0–200 mmol/L, whereas high salinity levels significantly decreased the germination percentage of B. inermis and E. breviaristatus. Thus, temperature and salinity can jointly affect seed germination, but these differ among plant species. These results can improve our understanding of seed germination in saline soils in the face of climate change.

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