scholarly journals Germination Characteristics of Three Warm-season Turfgrasses Subjected to Matriconditioning and Aging

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokhan Hacisalihoglu
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Eremochloa Ophiuroides

Many warm-season turfgrass seeds have relatively poor germination percentages. Matriconditioning is a seed enhancement technique with a solid carrier and may be a practical solution to improve the germination characteristics of warm-season turfgrass. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of matriconditioning on three nonaged and aged turfgrass cultivars: ‘Pensacola’ bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum), ‘Princess’ bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon), and ‘Common’ centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides). Seeds were matriconditioned with a synthetic calcium silicate (MicroCel E) as a carrier and water at 30 °C for 5 days. Seed, carrier, and water ratio was 1 g, 0.5 g, and 1.5 mL, respectively. Matriconditioning increased final germination to 55% (bahiagrass), 90% (bermudagrass), and 70% (centipedegrass) compared with 92% in nontreated control seeds. Furthermore, matriconditioning decreased mean germination time 20% to 65% in all seeds compared with the nontreated control. Accelerated aging was induced by storing seeds for 0, 7, and 14 days at 42 °C and 95% relative humidity. Germination percentage decreased and mean germination time increased with the aging, especially after 14 days of aging treatment. These results suggest that matriconditioning is an effective technique to improve turfgrass seed performance.

scholarly journals Comparing Seeded Organicfiber Mat with Direct Soil Seeding for Warm-season Turfgrass Establishment

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L. Hensler ◽  
B.S. Baldwin ◽  
J.M. Goatley
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Stenotaphrum Secundatum ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Eremochloa Ophiuroides ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Turfgrass Establishment ◽  
Viable Method

A bioorganic fiber seeding mat was compared to traditional seeding into a prepared soil to ascertain any advantages or disadvantages in turfgrass establishment between the planting methods. Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum), bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon), carpetgrass (Axonopus affinis), centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides), st. augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum), and zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica) were seeded at recommended levels in May 1995 and July 1996. The seeding methods were evaluated under both irrigated and nonirrigated conditions. Plots were periodically rated for percent turf coverage; weed counts were taken about 4 weeks after study initiation. Percent coverage ratings for all grasses tended to be higher for direct-seeded plots under irrigated conditions in both years. Bermudagrass and bahiagrass established rapidly for both planting methods under either irrigated or nonirrigated conditions. Only carpetgrass and zoysiagrass tended to have greater coverage ratings in nonirrigated, mat-seeded plots in both years, although the percent plot coverage ratings never reached the minimum desired level of 80%. In both years, weed counts in mat-seeded plots were lower than in direct-seeded plots. A bioorganic fiber seeding mat is a viable method of establishing warm-season turfgrasses, with its biggest advantage being a reduction in weed population as compared to direct seeding into a prepared soil.

scholarly journals Vigor Tests to Estimate Seedling Emergence Potential and Longevity in Viola Seed Lots

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Demir ◽  
Tuba Celikkol ◽  
Golge Sarıkamıs ◽  
Ceren Eksi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

A study was made of the relationship among accelerated aging (AA), saturated salt accelerated aging (SSAA), mean germination time and second day germination percentage vigor tests, and seedling emergence and longevity storage at 5 and 25 °C for 6 and 12 months. Initial germination was above 80% for all seed lots. Seedling emergence values varied between 21% and 94% and mean emergence time between 6.5 and 11.0 days among seed lots. The SSAA test correlated with emergence better than the AA test. All combinations of SSAA temperatures (41, 43, and 45 °C for 72 h) were correlated to emergence (r = 0.95 to 0.98, P < 0.001) and emergence rate (r = 0.90 to 0.94, P < 0.001). Seed germination after 6 months of storage ranged between 21% and 98% at 5 °C and 26% and 100% at 25 °C. Corresponding values were 19% and 98% and 15% and 89% after 12 months. All combinations of AA and SSAA were related to longevity of seed lots, but significance for SSAA was higher (above P < 0.01) than AA (P < 0.05). In both tests, a higher aging temperature reduced the significance level. Mean germination time and second day germination percentages also predicted seedling emergence and longevity (P < 0.05 in all cases). Standard germination percentages were successful in predicting seedling emergence (P < 0.05), but with one exception failed to predict (P > 0.05) longevity in viola seed lots. In conclusion, although both aging tests successfully differentiated seed quality, SSAA test results better predict emergence and longevity of viola seed lots.

scholarly journals Hormone Priming Improves Germination Characteristics and Enzyme Activity of Sorghum Seeds (Sorghum Bicolor L.) Under Accelerated Aging

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Azadi ◽  
S.A. Tabatabaei ◽  
E. Younesi ◽  
M.R. Rostami ◽  
M. Mombeni
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Aged Seeds

Abstract Maximum germination percentage achieves immediately after harvesting and gradually decreases with storage time. Aging is one of the key factors in plant yield loss especially in vegetables. Seed aging is the main problem of seed storage. Application of accelerated aging treatment is used to assess seed vigor and quality. Seed priming enhances seed germination performance after aging. An experiment was conduct in order to investigate the activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase during accelerated aging and repair during priming treatment of sorghum seeds. In order to improve germination characteristics in aged seeds with seed priming. Our result showed that seed priming treatments significantly (p≤ 0.01) affected, germination percentage, germination index and means time to germination after aging (0, 3 and 6 days). Increasing aging duration resulted higher reduction in germination characteristics. Priming with gibberelic acid (GA), salicylic acid (SA) and ascorbic acid (ASC) increased germination characteristics of seed aged. The highest germination percentage, germination index, normal seedling percentage and enzyme activity were achieved in control conditions (0 day of aging). Antioxidant activity of aged seeds increased after seed priming.

scholarly journals Can Bulk and Nanosized Titanium Dioxide Particles Improve Seed Germination Features of Wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reyhaneh AZIMI ◽  
Hassan FEIZI ◽  
Mohammad KHAJEH HOSSEINI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Tio2 Particles ◽  
Nanosized Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Germination Value ◽  
Improve Seed Germination ◽  
Nanosized Tio2

The goal of this study was to evaluate concentrations of nanosized TiO2 at 0, 5, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg L-1 with bulk TiO2 for possible stimulatory effects on wheatgrass seed germination and early growth stage. After 14 days of seed incubation, germination percentage improved by 9% following exposure to 5 ppm nanosized TiO2 treatment comparing to control. Similar positive effects occurred in terms of germination value and mean daily germination. Application of bulk TiO2 particles in 80 ppm concentration greatly decreased the majority of studied traits. Therefore phytotoxicity effect observed on wheatgrass seedling by application of bulk TiO2 particles in 80 ppm concentration. Exposure of wheatgrass seeds to 5 ppm nanosized TiO2 and bulk and nanosized TiO2 at 60 ppm obtained the lowest mean germination time but higher concentrations did not improve mean germination time. In general, there was a positive response by wheatgrass seed to some concentrations of nanosized TiO2. Usage of nanoparicles in order to improve germination and establishment of range plant in adverse environments similar to rangeland could be possible.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Seed Germination to Salt Stress in Teff [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Panayiota PAPASTYLIANOU ◽  
Ilias TRAVLOS ◽  
Ioannis ROUSSIS ◽  
Dimitrios BILALIS
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Eragrostis Tef ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Mean Germination Time

Teff is an annual grass originated in Ethiopia, grown for both human food and animal feed. Salinity and moisture stress are the main limiting factors of agricultural development on arid and semi-arid regions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of salinity due to NaCl on germination of teff. A set of experiments was conducted under a completely randomized design with four replications of 200 seeds at two different suboptimal germination temperatures (15 and 25 °C) in the dark for 10 days. In order to create salt stress conditions during the germination process, seven solutions were used (0 as control, 80, 160, 240 and 320, 400 and 480 mM NaCl). The germination performance was evaluated by final germination percentage and mean germination time. The presence of NaCl reduced germination, especially above 240 mM for 15 °C and 400 mM for 25 °C. The mean germination time increased with higher NaCl levels.

scholarly journals Nutrient uptake in tropical turfgrasses growing in winter in southern Queensland

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Menzel ◽  
P. Broomhall
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Zoysia Japonica ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Stenotaphrum Secundatum ◽  
Broad Leaf ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Eremochloa Ophiuroides

The effects of fertilisers on 8 tropical turfgrasses growing in 100-L bags of sand were studied over winter in Murrumba Downs, just north of Brisbane in southern Queensland (latitude 27.4°S, longitude 153.1°E). The species used were: Axonopus compressus (broad-leaf carpetgrass), Cynodon dactylon (bermudagrass ‘Winter Green’) and C. dactylon × C. transvaalensis hybrid (‘Tifgreen’), Digitaria didactyla (Queensland blue couch), Paspalum notatum (bahiagrass ‘38824’), Stenotaphrum secundatum (buffalograss ‘Palmetto’), Eremochloa ophiuroides (centipedegrass ‘Centec’) and Zoysia japonica (zoysiagrass ‘ZT-11’). Control plots were fertilised with complete fertilisers every month from May to September (72 kg N/ha, 31 kg P/ha, 84 kg K/ha, 48 kg S/ha, 30 kg Ca/ha and 7.2 kg Mg/ha), and unfertilised plots received no fertiliser. Carpetgrass and standard bermudagrass were the most sensitive species to nutrient supply, with lower shoot dry weights in the unfertilised plots (shoots mowed to thatch level) compared with the fertilised plots in June. There were lower shoot dry weights in the unfertilised plots in July for all species, except for buffalograss, centipedegrass and zoysiagrass, and lower shoot dry weights in the unfertilised plots in August for all species, except for centipedegrass. At the end of the experiment in September, unfertilised plots were 11% of the shoot dry weights of fertilised plots, with all species affected. Mean shoot nitrogen concentrations fell from 3.2 to 1.7% in the unfertilised plots from May to August, below the sufficiency range for turfgrasses (2.8–3.5%). There were also declines in P (0.45–0.36%), K (2.4–1.5%), S (0.35–0.25%), Mg (0.24–0.18%) and B (9–6 mg/kg), which were all in the sufficiency range. The shoots in the control plots took up the following levels (kg/ha.month) of nutrients: N, 10.0–27.0; P, 1.6–4.0; K, 8.2–19.8; S, 1.0–4.2; Ca, 1.1–3.3; and Mg, 0.8–2.2, compared with applications (kg/ha.month) of: N, 72; P, 31; K, 84; S, 48; Ca, 30; and Mg, 7.2, indicating a recovery of 14–38% for N, 5–13% for P, 10–24% for K, 2–9% for S, 4–11% for Ca and 11–30% for Mg. These results suggest that buffalograss, centipedegrass and zoysiagrass are less sensitive to low nutrient supply than carpetgrass, bermudagrass, blue couch and bahiagrass. Data on nutrient uptake showed that the less sensitive species required only half or less of the nitrogen required to maintain the growth of the other grasses, indicating potential savings for turf managers in fertiliser costs and the environment in terms of nutrients entering waterways.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Seed Quality Attributes of Sorghum Germplasm Accessions from Eastern, Coastal and Nyanza Regions, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
C. W. Muui ◽  
R. M. Muasya ◽  
S. Nguluu ◽  
A. Kambura
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Subsistence Farmers ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Handling Practices ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is an important cereal crop in Kenya. Despite the crops importance, the yields attained by farmers in Eastern, Coastal and Nyanza regions of Kenya remain low. Access to good quality seeds of sorghum is one of the constraints facing the subsistence farmers. Good quality seed is important for increasing yield to attain food security. The aim of this study was to evaluate quality attributes of the seed used by farmers. A total of 108 germplasm accessions were obtained from 76 farmers. The seeds were tested for time and percentage of germination, seed vigour index, shoot and root dry weight. Data collected was subjected to analysis of variance. Means were separated using Fisher&rsquo;s Least Significance Difference test at p &le; 0.05. Seed samples of 26 accessions attained germination percentage below stipulated standards by Seeds and Plant Varieties Act CAP 326. Majority of seeds showed longer mean germination time with only nine accessions germinating in less than ten days. Seed vigour index was relatively high in most of the accessions, while biomass accumulation varied from high to very low among accessions. Though most of the seeds attained a high germination percentage, about 92% of seeds showed longer mean germination time. The environmental conditions in the fields, pre and post harvest handling practices impact on the seed quality hence the wide variability in germination percentage, germination time, seed vigour index and dry matter accumulation. Therefore the need to improve quality of seeds used by subsistence farmers by providing extension services on best pre and post harvest handling practices. Increasing production of sorghum in these regions will contribute significantly towards realizing food security. Further analysis could be carried out on genetic and sanitary quality aspects of the seeds planted by farmers in Eastern, Nyanza and Coastal regions.

scholarly journals Herbisit Uygulamaları Yapılan Amaranthus retroflexus L. Bitkilerinden Elde Edilen Tohumların Çimlenme Özellikleri

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 833-839
Author(s):  
Oğuzhan Cerit ◽  
Derya Öğüt Yavuz
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Mean Germination Time

Amaranthus retroflexus L. is among the important weeds in sugar beet. The aim of this study was to determine the germination capacities of the seeds obtained from A. retroflexus plants, who survived after the application of chloridazon (C), metamitron (M) and ethofumesate + phenmedipham + desmedipham + lenacil (EPDL) herbicides and some combinations. Parameters of total germination rate (%), normal/abnormal germination rate (%), mean germination time (day) and seed weight (g) were defined. As a result, germination characteristics of A. retroflexus plants exposed to chloridazon + ethofumesate + phenmedipham + desmedipham + lenacil 2, chloridazon + metamitron (post-emergence) and metamitron (pre-emergence) + metamitron (post-emergence) combinations were significantly affected compared to the seeds obtained from the untreated plants. In terms of germination characteristics, the lowest total germination rate (85%) was found in metamitron (pre-emergence) + metamitron (post-emergence) combination.

scholarly journals Pre-germinative treatments and seed storage of Psidium cattleyanum Sabine morphotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Haron Victor Ferreira Camargo ◽  
Letícia Siqueira Walter ◽  
Mônica Moreno Gabira ◽  
Dagma Kratz
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Transparent Plastic ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Hand Control ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Cold Chamber

This study aimed to evaluate the germination behavior of two morphotypes of P. cattleyanumsubmitted to storage and pre-germinative treatments. The experiment was designed in a factorial scheme 2 x 3 x 3 (morphotypes x storage periods x pre-germinative treatments) completely randomized, using for each treatment 5 replicates with 30 seeds. The seeds were stored in semipermeable packages in a cold chamber at 5 ± 2 °C, for 14, 45,and 90 days. After each storage period, the seeds were submitted to treatments to overcome dormancy: immersion in water at 80 °C,kept in imbibition for 24 and 48 hand control, without any treatment. The seeds were arranged under moistened substrate in transparent plastic boxes and allocated in a germination chamber at 25 °C and photoperiod of 8 h for evaluation of germination percentage (G), germination speed index (GSI)and mean germination time (MGT). The red morphotype seeds showed higher germination percentages than the yellow morphotype and did not have a reduction in these values after 90 days of storage. MGT for yellow morphotype was lower in all pre-germinativetreatments. The GSI had better results at 45 days in the control treatments and 24 h in immersion in water and 90 days for the three pre-germinative treatments. The red morphotype does not require pre-germinative treatments, while the yellow morphotype presents better germination when the seeds are stored for 45 days and immersed in water at 80 °C for 48 h.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Seed Germination to Temperature and Light in Helichrysum amorginum

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Sofia ARGYRIOU ◽  
Panayiota PAPASTYLIANOU ◽  
George STAVROPOULOS ◽  
Angeliki KOUSTA ◽  
Ioanna KAKABOUKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Perennial Shrub ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Seed Propagation

Helichrysum amorginum is a perennial shrub, endemic on the Greek island of Amorgos and used for medicinal, cosmetic and ornamental purposes. Information concerning germination behavior and seedling survival is considered essential for the establishment and cultivation of wild species. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature and light on germination of Helichrysum amorginum seeds. A set of experiments was conducted under completely randomized design with four replications of 200 seeds at three different suboptimal germination temperatures (15, 20 and 25°C) in light and dark conditions for 10 days. Seed material was collected from two different fields of the island (Aegiali and Katapola). The germination performance was evaluated by final germination percentage and mean germination time. The effect of temperature on seed germination percentage and mean germination time was significant in all cases. The presence of light enhanced germination, especially at the optimum temperature of 20°C. In most cases the mean germination time increased at the lower temperature of 15°C. Seeds from Aegiali exhibited higher germination ability than the seed lot from Katapola. Knowledge of seed germination behaviour is of major importance in order to establish effective protocols for seed propagation in Helichrysum amorginum.

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