scholarly journals 335 Light Exposure and Gibberelic Acid Effects on Common Carpetgrass (Axonopus affinis Chase) and Centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.] Seed Germination

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 449E-449
Author(s):  
Edward Bush ◽  
Paul Wilson ◽  
Gloria McClure
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Light Duration ◽  
Gibberelic Acid ◽  
Eremochloa Ophiuroides ◽  
Filter Papers

A study to determine the influence of light duration on seed germination was performed in a temperature-controlled growth chamber. Light treatments consisted of 0 (control), 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 h of light exposure. Cool fluorescent light bulbs provided 19 μMol·m-2·s-1 light. Fifty seeds of each treatment were placed into separately labeled 6.0-cm-diameter petri dishes lined with Whatman #42 filter papers moistened with 2 mL of distilled water. Seed of both species germinated poorly in the control treatment. Mean time of germination (MTG) and germination percentage increased for both species when seeds were exposed to light. Pre-soaking seed in gibberellic acid (GA) significantly improved germination percentages of both species compared to the untreated control. Centipedegrass germination percentage and MTG also increased with light exposure. Carpetgrass seed germination was not enhanced by GA treatments with light exposure. The results of this experiment suggests that, if seed are covered too deeply, excluding light, MTG and percentage germination will be reduced. However, pre-soaking seed in a GA solution can improve dark germination by as much as 50% for both grass species.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Seed Germination in Common Carpetgrass and Centipedegrass Seed

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward W. Bush ◽  
Paul Wilson ◽  
Dennis P. Shepard ◽  
Gloria McClure
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Germination Temperature ◽  
Eremochloa Ophiuroides ◽  
Mean Time

Priming or presoaking seed of common carpetgrass (Axonopus affinis Chase) and centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides Munro. (Kunz)] increased germination percentage and decreased mean time of germination (MTG) at 20, 25, and 30 °C. The effect of presoaking and priming was dependent on grass species and temperature. The optimum seed germination temperature for both of these warm-season species was 30 °C. Maximum effect on common carpetgrass or centipedegrass seeds was achieved by priming in 2% KNO3; higher concentrations did not improve germination percentage or MTG, and 4% was in some cases detrimental. Germination was higher and MTG lower at 20 and 30 °C than at 15 °C. Presoaking common carpetgrass and centipedegrass seeds was the most efficient seed enhancement treatment for germination at 30 °C.

The Effect of High Concentrations of Ethylene on Seed Germination of Douglas Fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco)

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carey Borno ◽  
Iain E. P. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
High Concentrations

Stratified, imbibed Douglas fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seeds were exposed to 100% ethylene for times between 0 and 366 h. Germination rate and germination percentage were increased by treatments up to 48 h. The 12-h treatment gave largest stimulation; 30% enhancement of final germination percentage over control. Treatment for 96 h caused increased germination rate for the first 5 days but reduced the germination percentage. Germinants were subject to continuous exposure to atmospheres containing 0.1 – 200 000 ppm ethylene in air, but it did not stimulate growth, and the gas was inhibitory above 100 ppm. Although some effects of high concentrations of ethylene may have been due to the lowering of oxygen supplies, this alone was insufficient to account for the full inhibitory effect. The mechanism of stimulation by short-term exposure to ethylene is discussed.

Seed-germination response of Leymus chinensis to cold stratification in a range of temperatures, light and low water potentials under salt and drought stresses

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jixiang Lin ◽  
Yujie Shi ◽  
Shuang Tao ◽  
Xingyang Yu ◽  
Dafu Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Leymus Chinensis ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Salt And Drought Stresses

Leymus chinensis has important forage value and is considered a useful grass species for grassland restoration in Northeast China. However, little information exists concerning the germination responses of this species to interactions of cold stratification, light, temperature and low water potential caused by salinity and drought. Experiments were conducted in growth chambers, and the results showed that in all conditions of light, temperature and water stresses, the germination percentages of cold-stratified seeds were higher than of non-stratified seeds. Light had an inhibitory effect on germination percentage under both non-saline and salt stress conditions; darkness is beneficial for germination of this species. In addition, seeds germinated much better under alternating temperature regimes than under constant temperatures. Both salt and drought stresses decreased the germination percentage of Leymus chinensis, but the reductions under drought stress were much greater. Moreover, after being transferred to distilled water, most non-germinated seeds under drought stress germinated well, and the total percentage reached that of the non-saline condition level. Therefore, cold stratification is an effective measure to increase seed germination and salt or drought tolerance, especially in darkness. We conclude that Leymus chinensis has definite salt and drought tolerance during the germination stage and it is a promising species for the restoration of deteriorated grassland in Northeast China.

Effect of dew-irrigation on seed germination in flax, fenugreek, and fennel

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 269-276
Author(s):  
Saiede Sargol Hosseini ◽  
Hassan Heidari ◽  
Mohammad Eghbal Ghobadi ◽  
Iraj Nosratti
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
The World ◽  
Plant Stage ◽  
Water Stage ◽  
And Control

Abstract Drought limits plants growth. In many parts of the world, crop productions depend on water availability. Seed germination is a sensitive and low water stage in plants. A pot experiment was designed to test the effect of dew-irrigation on seed germination percentage of fennel, flax, and fenugreek. Irrigation treatments included dew-irrigation and control (non-irrigation). Results showed that dew-irrigation increased seed germination compared to control. Treatment of dew-irrigation had seed germination of 92.7%, 78.7% and 63.5% for flax, fenugreek, and fennel, respectively. But none of the seeds of control treatment germinated. Among plants studied, flax which is a cold season plant had the highest percentage of germination by dew-irrigation, and the plants that are the most heat-sensitive, such as fenugreek and fennel, had the lowest germination percentage. Results of this experiment determined that the moisture content in the air is capable to provide the necessary moisture for seed germination of the plants studied. In conclusion, dew-irrigation, due to supply low water, is better to be used at stages with lower water requirement such as germination. The ability of water supply by dew-irrigation at whole plant stage can be studied in the next experiments.

scholarly journals Impact of Biochar Application on Germination Behavior and Early Growth of Maize Seedlings: Insights from a Growth Room Experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11666
Author(s):  
Liaqat Ali ◽  
Wang Xiukang ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Sobia Ashraf ◽  
Sajid Mahmood Nadeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Growth Room

Reduced germination and early crop maturity due to soil compaction, nutrients stress, and low moisture are major constraints to achieve optimum crop yield, ultimately resulting in significant economic damages and food shortages. Biochar, having the potential to improve physical and chemical properties of soil, can also improve nutrients and moisture access to plants. In the present study, a growth room experiment was conducted to assess biochar influence on maize seed germination, early growth of seedlings, and its physiological attributes. Corn cob biochar (CCB) was mixed with soil at different rates (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3% w/w) before seed sowing. Results obtained showed that increasing CCB application rate have neutral to positive effects on seed germination and seedling growth of maize. Biochar addition at the rate of 1.5% (w/w) significantly increased shoot dry biomass (40%), root dry biomass (32%), total chlorophyll content (a and b) (55%), germination percentage (13%), seedling vigor (85%), and relative water content (RWC) (68%), in comparison to un-amended control treatment. In addition to this, it also improved germination rate (GR) by 3% as compared to control treatment, while causing a reduction in mean emergence time (MET). Moreover, application of biochar (3%) also resulted in enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity, particularly superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) by 13% and 17%, respectively. Conclusively, biochar application is an attractive approach to improve the initial phase of plant growth and provide better crop stand and essential sustainable high yields.

scholarly journals Temperature and Light Effects on Germination Behaviour of African Eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum L.) Seeds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.M. Botey ◽  
J.O. Ochuodho ◽  
L. Ngode ◽  
H. Dwamena ◽  
I. Osei-Tutu
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Solanum Aethiopicum ◽  
Germination Behaviour

Background: A preliminary study of the African eggplant seeds obtained from farmers sources recorded a wide variation in percentage germination under ambient conditions (25±2°C). The germination percentage ranged from 0% to 25%, while fresh seeds ranged between 53% and 87%. As temperature and light are important factors of seed germination, the current study investigated the effect of temperature on the germination pattern and the influence of light interaction with temperature on seed germination of African eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum L.) under controlled conditions. Methods: Seeds of two cultivars of African eggplant were subjected to constant and alternating temperatures and under three light exposure regimes. Seed quality was accessed by per cent germination, mean germination time, time to reach 50% germination, germination index and mean daily germination. Result: The highest percentage germination under constant temperatures was recorded at 25°C (76%) and 20°C (74%). The maximum temperature and light conditions required for maximum seed germination quality (76-95%) at the shortest time (4-5 days) was 30/20°C under alternating 8/16 hours light and dark.

scholarly journals Effect of salinity on seed germination of some tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) varieties

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Getachew Shumye Adilu ◽  
Yohannes Gedamu Gebre
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
And Control

Salinity adversely affects 20-30% of the irrigated area in the world. Tomato is sensitive to salinity. It is one of the most severe abiotic factors of many agricultural crops and it becoming the main problem in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different salinity levels on the seed germination parameters of tomato varieties. It was laid out in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The treatment included four tomato varieties (Sirinka, Weyno, ARP D2, and Roma VF) and five salinity levels (1 dS m-1, 2 dS m-1, 3 dS m-1, 4 dS m-1, and control). Fifty seeds were placed in a Petri dish over a moistened germination paper for germination and seedlings and allowed to grow for 14 days. The germination rate, speed and energy of tomato seeds were significantly (p < 0.001) affected by the combined effect of variety and salinity. The shortest mean germination time, the highest mean germination rate, and the highest speed of germination were recorded in the ARP D2 variety in the control treatment. The lowest first and last days of germination, and the uncertainty of germination were recorded from ARP D2. However, an increase in the days of germination and in the uncertainty of germination, and a decrease in the germination index and total germination percentage trends were observed with increasing salinity levels. The highest level of salinity (4 dS m-1) affected the germination of tomato varieties. Among the four tested tomato varieties, ARP D2 and Roma VF were tolerant to salinity.

scholarly journals Light Governs the Germination of Impatiens wallerana Hook. f. Seed

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 854-857
Author(s):  
William J. Carpenter ◽  
Eric R. Ostmark ◽  
John A. Cornell
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Germination Period ◽  
Radicle Emergence ◽  
Light Darkness ◽  
Role Of Light ◽  
Impatiens Wallerana

The role of light on impatiens seed germination and radicle emergence was studied. Seeds having a photodormancy require light for only part of the germination period. Germination ≥85% was achieved after 3, 2, or 1 day of irradiance at 1.5, 15, or 75 μmol·s-1·m-2, respectively. Keeping imbibed seeds in darkness for ≥2 days before light exposure caused reduced total germination percentages (G), delayed achieving 50% of the final germination percentage (T50), and increased the days between 10% and 90% germination (T90-T10). Light for 6 hours daily at 1.5, 15, or 150 μmol·s-1·m-2 promoted high G and rapid and uniform germination, but daily 12 to 24 hours of irradiance decreased G and increased T50 and T90-T10. Estimated rates of decline (increase) in G, T50, or T90-T10 with each added day of light (darkness) or increasing daily hours of light were measured by fitting regression equations. Impatiens seed germination was promoted by the initial 1 to 3 days of light, but light inhibited radicle extension in the latter germination stages.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF THE TiO2 NANOPARTICLES EFFECT ON SEED GERMINATION CHARACTERISTICS OF ZIZIPHORA CLINOPODIOIDES LAM.

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-61
Author(s):  
Reyhaneh Azimi ◽  
Mohammad Kia Kianian ◽  
Mohammad Pessarakli
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
High Concentrations

Improvement in the rate and amount of germination of seeds has a very important effect on the establish-ment of primary seedlings and the increase of rangeland production. The rapid and uniform germination of seeds leads to the successful establishment of plants. The use of nanoscale materials can help germinate faster seeds. Therefore, in this study, the effects of TiO2 nanoparticles in concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60 and 80 mg / l on the rate and speed of seed germination of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. paid. This design was carried out in a completely randomized design with four replications for 20 days at a constant temperature of 20°C under 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness at the Germinator of Natural Resources Faculty of the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The results showed that germination percentage of treated seeds with TiO2 nanoparticles increased to 23% ppm compared to control treatment. Also, in other concentrations of other nanoparticles, there was a positive effect on speed and germination percentage, so that the effect of different concentrations of nanoparticles on germination characteristics of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. seeds was significant. The highest germination percentage was observed in the concentration of 30 ppm and the lowest germination rate at 30 and 20 ppm concentrations. In high concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles, no positive effects were observed on the germination characteristics of seed Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. To conclude the use of TiO2 nanoparticles can be improved by improving the seed germination properties of the medicinal plant Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. that cause increases plant’s establishment in natural areas.

scholarly journals Allelopathy effect of Prosopis juliflora on selected grass species (Cenchrus ciliaris, Paspalidium desertorum and Lintonia nutans)

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
Ali Noha ◽  
Lisanework Nigatu ◽  
Rejila Manikandan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Prosopis Juliflora ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽  
Regional State

Prosopis juliflora growing frightening rate of invasiveness had affected the livelihood of the pastoral communities in the Amibara rangeland of Afar National Regional State. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the allelopathy effect of an aqueous leaf, bark, and root extracts of Prosopis juliflora on selected grass species such as Cenchrus ciliaris, Paspalidium desertorum, and Lintonia nutans. A total of 10 soil samples were collected from the Amibara rangeland of Afar National Regional State. The collected soil samples were mixed in a plastic bag to get composite soil. Further, the composite soil sample was subjected to analysis of physic-chemical characters (pH, soil organic matter, phosphorus, and nitrogen content). To study the allelopathy effect of Prosopis juliflora on selected grass species. To this, aqueous extracts were prepared from powdered leaf, bark, and root of Prosopis juliflora at different concentration levels (0%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10%). Further, the extracts were subjected to analysis of seed germination percentage and seedling growth of selected grass species such as Cenchrus ciliaris, Paspalidium  desertorum and Lintonia nutans. Prosopis juliflora showed a significant inhibitory effect on seed germination of Cenchrus ciliaris, Paspalidium  desertorum,  and Lintonia nutans. grass species. Among the leaf, bark, and root aqueous extracts, the leaf showed the highest inhibitory effect on seed germination percentage, and the effect also concentration-dependent. Prosopis juliflora aqueous extracts of leaf, bark, and root of were exhibited significant inhibition on the fresh shoot biomass weights of Cenchrus ciliaris, Paspalidium desertorum and Lintonia nutans. when compared to the control. While the fresh shoot biomass weight of Cenchrus ciliaris and Paspalidium desertorum was highly deteriorated at (5% and 10%). Whereas, the fresh shoot biomass weight of Lintonia nutans momentously retarded at (1% and 5%) as compared to the control.

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