scholarly journals (354) A Novel Automated System for Irrigation and Simulating Drought Stress in Potted Plants

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1017D-1017
Author(s):  
Krishna S. Nemali ◽  
Marc W. van Iersel
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Target Level ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Complete Automation ◽  
Automated Irrigation System

We have developed a completely automated irrigation system that measures and maintains substrate volumetric water content (θ) at a target level for any length of time. Advantages of this system include complete automation of irrigation and simulation of precise levels of drought stress for potted plants. This system uses ECH2O moisture sensors interfaced with a CR10X datalogger and solenoid valves connected to the datalogger by a SDM CD16 AC/DC controller. The datalogger measures the θ of the substrate hourly. When the θ of the substrate drops below the set point, the datalogger opens the solenoid valves, which results in irrigation. Substrate θ is maintained at a constant level as the datalogger is programmed to increase θ by 2% to 3% during each irrigation. When the system was validated for its accuracy, we determined that the θ measured in the substrate within the range of 0.15 to 0.35 m3·m-3 was close (2% to 3%) to the θ determined by the conventional volumetric analysis. The daily average θ maintained in the substrate was slightly higher (within 3%) than the target level. Using this system, we were able to maintain four distinct levels of substrate θ for a prolonged period (40 days), regardless of differences in plant size and environmental conditions. Significant increases in number of irrigations, total water-use, and transpiration rate of impatiens, salvia, vinca, and petunia were noticed with increasing target θ of the substrate. For all species, highest and lowest water-use efficiency (WUE) were seen at 0.09 and 0.32 m3·m-3, respectively, while WUE was not different between 0.15 and 0.22 m3·m-3.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF IOT AND BIG DATA TECHNOLOGIES TO INCREASE THE PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL FACILITIES (GREENHOUSES)

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-332
Author(s):  
N.A. Zholdas ◽  
◽  
B.C Daribayev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Big Data Technologies ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Automated Irrigation System

The agricultural sector is the basis of the economy of Kazakhstan. Global climate change and growing water scarcity require new and improved agricultural approaches. The main task in this area is the production of products of the highest level and quality. The article discusses the characteristics of an automated irrigation system (AIS), designed to improve the productivity of agricultural objects. Such systems are aimed at obtaining quality products, improving the ecology of production and reducing the amount of resources spent. An automated system of ventilation, watering and lighting of plants allows to effectively use time, water and light in the greenhouse. The use of information and communication technologies in an agricultural facility plays an important role in obtaining information about plants. Explanations of the hardware (microcontroller and other devices) and software (mobile application) parts used in the implementation of the system are shown.

scholarly journals Implementation of Sensor-based Automated Irrigation in Commercial Floriculture Production: A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 719-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Wheeler ◽  
Paul Thomas ◽  
Marc van Iersel ◽  
Matthew Chappell
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Commercial Grower ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Technology Managers

A soil moisture sensor-based automated irrigation system was trialed in a commercial floriculture greenhouse to determine what benefits these types of systems may offer to herbaceous ornamental producers. Water use, crop quality and growth, and grower behavior toward adoption of the new technology were monitored, when all decision making related to system operation was carried out by the grower. Two cultivars of poinsettia (Euphorbia ×pulcherrima) and three cultivars of geranium (Pelargonium ×hortorum) were produced in side-by-side trials over the course of 2 years while comparing grower-controlled, sensor-based automated irrigation with traditional grower-managed (timer-based) irrigation. Plant quality was equivalent between irrigation treatments across all five trials. Differences in plant size were noted in four of the five trials between irrigation treatments, but in all instances these differences were not judged by the commercial grower to impact marketability of the crop. No reductions in irrigation water use were noted with the sensor-based irrigation system, which differed from previous research using this technology in ornamental production. Over the course of 2 years, the number of plants produced using sensor-based irrigation control was scaled up, indicating increasing confidence in, and adoption of, the technology. Managers at the facility found that sensor-based irrigation facilitated reallocation of labor from irrigation management, which was especially valuable during peak production and shipping periods. The payback period calculated from labor savings would be roughly 1.5 years if the sensor-based irrigation system was implemented throughout the facility.

An automated system for controlling drought stress and irrigation in potted plants

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna S. Nemali ◽  
Marc W. van Iersel
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Potted Plants

scholarly journals Smart irrigation using WSN based on IOT

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.8) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
VP Krishna Anne ◽  
Kuricheti R V Siva Naga Durg ◽  
Rama Krishna Muddineni ◽  
Surya Gowtham Peri
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Communication Link ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
Self Rule ◽  
Temperature Measure ◽  
Automated Irrigation System

To set right the usage of water for crops of agriculture an automated irrigation system has been implemented. A moisture soil sensor; and a temperature measure sensor which is called as network of the distributed wireless is used at base of the plant. Along with these, we implemented a gateway unit. which gathers information and regulate it and by activating the triggers actuators, it can send and receive the transmits data to and from the web application. I proposed the algorithm which having the temperature and soil moisture threshold values that embedded in a gate way based on micro controller. It implemented panels of the photovoltaic; and having a duplex communication link; and works with the interface i.e. cellular-Internet which offers that data inspection & irrigation timing. All this can be programmed by using a web page. Implemented automated Crop water saving system tested for 136 days in sage crop field. It can be saved 90% water compared to others. The main 3 advantages of this automated system make it place successfully in any place for 18 months. As it is energy self-rule, cost less, so it can be efficiently useful in limited water geographical lands.

scholarly journals Efficient Water Management for Cymbidium Grown in Coir Dust Using a Soil Moisture Sensor-Based Automated Irrigation System

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Seong Kwang An ◽  
Hyo Beom Lee ◽  
Jongyun Kim ◽  
Ki Sun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensor ◽  
Coir Dust ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Automated Irrigation System

Efficient long-term management for the production of high-quality Cymbidium plants is required as these orchids generally require 3–4 years of vegetative growth to allow flowering. This study was conducted to investigate the optimal substrate moisture levels to efficiently produce young cymbidium using a soil moisture sensor-based automated irrigation system over 42 weeks of vegetative growth. One-year-old cymbidium “Hoshino Shizuku” plantlets were grown in coir dust substrate at four levels of volumetric water content (0.25, 0.35, 0.45, and 0.55 m3·m−3). At harvest, the numbers of leaves and pseudobulbs, and the chlorophyll content of the cymbidiums did not differ among the four θ threshold treatments. However, plants grown at 0.25 m3·m−3 had significantly smaller leaves, pseudobulbs, and biomass than those at the other θ threshold treatments. Although the lower θ decreased the photosynthetic parameters, such as the net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration, there were no differences in the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II, indicating that the reduction in net photosynthesis is mostly mediated by stomatal closure. Although the net photosynthesis at θ of 0.35 m3·m−3 was also lower than that at 0.55 m3·m−3 treatment, biomass was significantly lower only at 0.25 m3·m−3 treatment, suggesting that a critical growth reduction by the water deficit occurred for the cymbidium at 0.25 m3·m−3. As the θ threshold increased, the total irrigation amount significantly increased, which inversely decreased the water use efficiency. Although the plants grown at 0.25 m3·m−3 had the highest water use efficiency (WUE) and substrate electrical conductivity they showed significantly reduced growth compared to other θ threshold treatments, and thus this was not a reliable θ threshold level for producing high (visual) quality cymbidium. Overall, the 0.35 and 0.45 m3·m−3 threshold treatments provided appropriate moisture levels for high-quality cymbidium production with high water use efficiency.

scholarly journals Using Soil Moisture Sensors for Automated Irrigation Scheduling in a Plum Crop

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Millán ◽  
Casadesús ◽  
Campillo ◽  
José Moñino ◽  
Henar Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensors ◽  
Automated Irrigation System

The growing scarcity and competition for water resources requires the urgent implementation of measures to ensure their rational use. Farmers need affordable irrigation tools that allow them to take advantage of scientific know-how to improve water use efficiency in their common irrigation practices. The aim of this study is to test under field conditions, and adjust where required, an automated irrigation system that allows the establishment of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategies in a stone fruit orchard. For this, an automated device with an algorithm which combines water-balance-based irrigation scheduling with a feedback adjustment mechanism using 15 capacitive sensors for continuous soil moisture measurement was used. The tests were carried out in 2016 and 2017 in Vegas Bajas del Guadiana (Extremadura, Spain) on an experimental plot of ‘Red Beaut’, an early-maturing Japanese plum cultivar. Three irrigation treatments were established: control, RDI and automatic. The control treatment was scheduled to cover crop water needs, a postharvest deficit irrigation (40% crop evapotranspiration (ETc)) strategy was applied in the RDI treatment, while the Automatic treatment simulated the RDI but without human intervention. After two years of testing, the automated system was able to “simulate” the irrigation scheduling programmed by a human expert without the need for human intervention.

Automated Irrigation System Based on LoRa and ML for Marginal Farmers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-353
Author(s):  
Selvam Loganathan ◽  
Kavitha Perumal
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Correct Prediction ◽  
The World ◽  
Soil Status ◽  
Automated Irrigation System

Background & Objective:: India is one of the foremost agricultural producers in the world; on the other hand, the consumption of water for agricultural purposes in India has been among the highest in the world. Indiscriminate use of inadequate irrigation techniques has led to a critical water deficit in the country. Now with the development of (IoT) Precision Farming and Precision Irrigation are becoming very popular. This paper proposes a cost-effective Automated Irrigation System based on LoRa and Machine Learning, which can be of great help to marginal farmers, for whom agriculture is hardly a profitable venture, mainly due to water scarcity. Methods: In this automated system, LoRa technology is used in Sensor and Irrigation node, in which sensors collect data on soil moisture and temperature and send it to the server through a LoRa gateway. Then the data is fed into a Machine Learning algorithm, which leads to correct prediction of the soil status. Results: Hence, the field needs to be irrigated only if and when it is needed. Conclusion: The system can be remotely monitored using a web application that can be accessed by a mobile phone.

scholarly journals An Automated System for Monitoring Soil Moisture and Controlling Irrigation Using Low-cost Open-source Microcontrollers

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhuanito Soranz Ferrarezi ◽  
Sue K. Dove ◽  
Marc W. van Iersel
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensors ◽  
Automated Irrigation System

Substrate volumetric water content (VWC) is a useful measurement for automated irrigation systems. We have previously developed automated irrigation controllers that use capacitance sensors and dataloggers to supply plants with on-demand irrigation. However, the dataloggers and accompanying software used to build and program those controllers make these systems expensive. Relatively new, low-cost open-source microcontrollers provide an alternative way to build sensor-based irrigation controllers for both agricultural and domestic applications. We designed and built an automated irrigation system using a microcontroller, capacitance soil moisture sensors, and solenoid valves. This system effectively monitored and controlled VWC over a range of irrigation thresholds (0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 m3.m−3) with ‘Panama Red’ hibiscus (Hibiscus acetosella) in a peat:perlite substrate. The microcontroller can be used with both regular 24-V alternating current (AC) solenoid valves and with latching 6- to 18-V direct current (DC) solenoid valves. The technology is relatively inexpensive (microcontroller and accessories cost $107, four capacitance soil moisture sensors cost $440, and four solenoid valves cost $120, totaling $667) and accessible. The irrigation controller required little maintenance over the course of a 41-day trial. The low cost of this irrigation controller makes it useful in many horticultural settings, including both research and production.

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