scholarly journals Morphological Variability of Snowdrops in the Central Part of the Balkan Peninsula

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1119-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Jovanović ◽  
Dragica Obratov-Petković ◽  
Ivana Bjedov ◽  
Ivana Živanović ◽  
Sonja Braunović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Galanthus Nivalis ◽  
The Republic

To address the issues of taxonomic delimitation and to select the material with desirable traits for horticultural use, a comprehensive study of the total variability of morphological characters of two naturally occurring snowdrop species (Galanthus nivalis L. and Galanthus elwesii Hook.) in the central part of the Balkan Peninsula was conducted. The analyses were performed for 16 quantitative characters of aboveground parts of 630 plants collected at 21 geographical points in the territory of the Republic of Serbia. To identify the trends in morphological differentiation, descriptive, univariate and multivariate statistical procedures were employed. Most of the examined characters exhibited moderate degrees of variability (cv from 10% to 20%) and the values of several characters exceeded the limits of variation stated in literature. Samples were mostly morphometrically homogeneous, with comparatively high similarity; only four populations of G. nivalis from the southern and southeastern part of the country were discrete. It is questionable whether these populations merit formal taxonomic recognition at any infraspecific level, but given their decorative qualities, the selected plants can be introduced into cultivation as horticultural plants.

Geographic variability and taxonomy of the nose-horned viper, Vipera ammodytes (L. 1758), in the central and eastern parts of the Balkans: A multivariate study

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Džukić ◽  
Ljiljana Tomović
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Geographic Variability ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Multivariate Study ◽  
Yugoslav Republic ◽  
North Western ◽  
Vipera Ammodytes

AbstractA multivariate analyses of various morphological characters (morphometric, meristic and qualitative) of nose-horned viper (Vipera ammodytes) revealed a complex morphological differentiation of populations from the central and the eastern Balkan Peninsula. Analyses of quantitative data showed no clear morphological discrimination or well-defined taxonomical units. On the contrary, analyses of qualitative traits separated two discrete taxa in the analysed area. One, inhabiting the eastern and the southern part of the Balkans, includes samples from most parts of Bulgaria, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and south-eastern Serbia, whereas the other ranges from north-western Bulgaria through the main part of Serbia (except the south-east) to Montenegro.

scholarly journals Climatic Conditions and Herbivory Effects on Morphological Plasticity of Argania spinosa

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800
Author(s):  
Fatima Ain-Lhout ◽  
María Zunzunegui ◽  
Mari Cruz Díaz Barradas ◽  
Juan Jáuregui ◽  
Tarik Tagma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Morphological Plasticity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Argania Spinosa ◽  
Ecological Optimum

The main objective of this paper was to look into the morphological differentiation patterns and phenotypic plasticity in four populations of Argania spinosa with environmentally contrasted conditions. Mean response, magnitude and pattern of morphological intra- and inter-population plasticity indexes were measured and analyzed in order to identify which characters contribute the most to the acclimation of this species. Populations growing in the ecological optimum of the species presented the lowest plasticity, while those growing in the most stressed habitats showed an increased morphological variability. The study of four populations showed that human pressure seems to play an important function in the regulation of morphological characters. However, climatic conditions seem to play a significant role in the increase of morphological plasticity.

scholarly journals Biosystematic studies of Elymus repens (L.) Gould (Poaceae): patterns of phenotypic variation

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Szczepaniak
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Morphological Gradient ◽  
Taxonomic Descriptions ◽  
Elymus Repens ◽  
Morphological Patterns

Inter- and intrapopulational morphological variability of <em>Elymus repens</em>, a cool-season peren-nial grass and a tenacious weed that spreads both by seeds and rhizomes forming a thick and stout net, was examined. Multivariate statistical analysis of 48 initial morphological characters obtained from 44 population samples (1180 specimens) collected in different habitats revealed the conspicuous variation within <em>E. repens</em>. Principal Component Analysis revealed three extremes of the morphological gradient that were referred to as three varieties of <em>E. repens</em>: var. <em>repens</em>, var. <em>aristatus</em> and var. <em>subulatus</em>, not correlated with the habitat type or geographi-cal location. Canonical Discriminant Analysis proved the taxonomic usefulness of characters such as awned or awnless glumes and lemmas as well as the shape of glumes for variety di-stinction. Results of morphological analysis, in relation to the low level of genetic variation showed in the previous studies, suggest that the extensive morphological variation of <em>E. re-pens</em> can be caused by its plasticity where different morphological patterns are realized on the same genome basis. Additionally, the open-pollinated system of mating results in new combi-nations of morphological characters of plants that further reproduce vegetatively by rhizomes. The nomenclature, taxonomic descriptions and a key to the three varieties are provided.

scholarly journals Morphological and genome size variations within populations of Edraianthus graminifolius “Jugoslavicus” (Campanulaceae) from the central Balkan peninsula

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 743-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Rakic ◽  
Sonia Siljak−Yakovlev ◽  
Jasmina Sinzar-Sekulic ◽  
Maja Lazarevic ◽  
Branka Stevanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analyses ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Continental Part ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions ◽  
Geological Substrates

The E. graminifolius complex is widely distributed in the continental part of the central and western Balkan Peninsula and is characterized by pronounced morphological variability. Plants grow on different geological substrates, span a wide altitudinal range and inhabit heterogeneous microclimatic conditions. The aim of this study was to compare morpho-anatomical and genome size variations among 31 populations of E. graminifolius, and to correlate morphoanatomical characteristics of plants with the geomorphologic and bioclimatic characteristics of their habitats. For these purposes, multivariate statistical analyses were performed. Results showed that most of morphological variability could be explained as the adaptive responses of plants to diverse environmental conditions that accompany life at different altitudes. Populations from SE Serbia had larger genome size in respect to other investigated populations. Genome size was bigger in sympatric populations of Edraianthus then in allopatric ones. Apart from the general morphological variability, plants from the Ovcar-Kablar Gorge are particularly morphologically specific.

Evidence of cryptic speciation in a fossorial reptile: description of a new species of Blanus (Squamata: Amphisbaenia: Blanidae) from the Iberian Peninsula

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2234 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
EVA M. ALBERT ◽  
ADRIÁN FERNÁNDEZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Cryptic Speciation ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
A New Species

A recent phylogeographic study using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA revealed the presence of two well defined allopatric clades of Blanus cinereus in the Iberian Peninsula. Using both univariate and multivariate statistical analyses, we show evidence of morphological differentiation between the two clades. Despite the lack of visually diagnosable morphological characters, the morphological and molecular data suggest that differentiation between the two clades was significantly enough to prevent in the past gene flow and therefore to warrant a specific status for each of the two clades. We suggest that the constraints of the subterranean life could increase the chances of experiencing cryptic speciation in worm lizards. In order to establish a taxonomic re-arrangement for the Iberian Blanus we designate a lectotype for B. cinereus from populations of central Iberia and describe a new species; Blanus mariae sp. nov. from southwestern regions of the Iberian Peninsula.

scholarly journals In situ morphological characterization of soursop (Annona muricata L.) plants in Manabí, Ecuador

Enfoque UTE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gonzalo Moreira Macías ◽  
Héctor Rodríguez ◽  
Eduardo Héctor-Ardisana ◽  
Carlos Feicán-Mejía ◽  
Saúl Anibal Mestanza Velasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Fourth Component

Soursop (Annona muricata L.) germplasm, from the central region of the Ecuadorian littoral, has diverse phenotypic characteristics, which have been little studied. The main objective of this research was to characterize in situ the morphological variability of 60 accessions of soursop. The morphological traits were evaluated using 20 quantitative and 10 qualitative variables of the plant and the fruit. Multivariate statistical methods were used as principal components, hierarchical conglomerate aggregation, discriminant and correlation analysis (Pearson) were performed. Descriptive analysis such as central tendency and dispersion (coefficient of variation, range, mean and standard deviation) were determined for the quantitative data; while frequencies were calculated for qualitative data. In terms of morphological traits, 74 % of the total variability was explained by the fourth component. Three conglomerates of similarity were formed, in which the height, diameter of canopy and fruit number per tree, were the characters of greater contribution for its conformation.

Unemployment as an indicator of economic security in the employment sector: A regional dimension

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-729
Author(s):  
T.N. Savina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Band Theory ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Subject. To achieve a high level of economic security is a key priority of national development. Employment reveals one of the most important aspects of social development of the individual that is associated with his or her needs satisfaction in the sphere of employment and is boon to economic security. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to show the impact of unemployment on economic security in employment. Methods. I apply such scientific methods as dialectical, historical and logical unity, structural and functional analysis, traditional techniques of economic analysis and synthesis. The methods of multivariate statistical and comparative analysis serve as a methodological basis of the study. To determine the indicator of unemployment, I use the band theory. Results. I underpin the growing role of employment in ensuring economic security. The paper presents a comprehensive assessment of the unemployment status and a comparative analysis of the indicator in the Republic of Mordovia, the Volga Federal District, and the Russian Federation as a whole. I identify trends in the average duration of unemployment, show the distribution of unemployed by level of education and age groups. Conclusions. The average annual unemployment rate in the Republic of Mordovia is lower than in Russia and the Volga Federal District. The findings may be useful for public authorities to substantiate their employment policy at both macro- and meso-levels, for designing programs and strategies for socio-economic development of regions and the social security doctrine, as well as in practical activities of employment services.

scholarly journals Cats in the forest: predicting habitat adaptations from humerus morphometry in extant and fossil Felidae (Carnivora)

Paleobiology ◽  
10.1666/12001 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Meloro ◽  
Sarah Elton ◽  
Julien Louys ◽  
Laura C. Bishop ◽  
Peter Ditchfield
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Olduvai Gorge ◽  
Environmental Predictors ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Related Group ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship

Mammalian carnivores are rarely incorporated in paleoenvironmental reconstructions, largely because of their rarity within the fossil record. However, multivariate statistical modeling can be successfully used to quantify specific anatomical features as environmental predictors. Here we explore morphological variability of the humerus in a closely related group of predators (Felidae) to investigate the relationship between morphometric descriptors and habitat categories. We analyze linear measurements of the humerus in three different morphometric combinations (log-transformed, size-free, and ratio), and explore four distinct ways of categorizing habitat adaptations. Open, Mixed, and Closed categories are defined according to criteria based on traditional descriptions of species, distributions, and biome occupancy. Extensive exploratory work is presented using linear discriminant analyses and several fossils are included to provide paleoecological reconstructions.We found no significant differences in the predictive power of distinct morphometric descriptors or habitat criteria, although sample splitting into small and large cat guilds greatly improves the stability of the models. Significant insights emerge for three long-canine cats:Smilodon populator,Paramachairodus orientalis, andDinofelissp. from Olduvai Gorge (East Africa).S. populatorandP. orientalisare both predicted to have been closed-habitat adapted taxa. The false “sabertooth”Dinofelissp. from Olduvai Gorge is predicted to be adapted to mixed habitat. The application of felid humerus ecomorphology to the carnivoran record of Olduvai Gorge shows that the older stratigraphic levels (Bed I, 1.99–1.79 Ma) included a broader range of environments than Beds II or V, where there is an abundance of cats adapted to open environments.

Distribution of proazulenes in Achillea millefolium s.l. wild populations in relation to phytosociological dependence and morphological characters

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolita Radušiene ◽  
Odeta Gudaityte
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Achillea Millefolium ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Morphological Marker ◽  
Node Number

Millefolii herba is one of the oldest and most important drugs in Lithuania, used both in folk and official medicine. The raw material is usually gathered from spontaneous populations. It would be reasonable to develop methods to identify the populations which produce high plant biomass and accumulate high levels of proazulenes. The quantitative variation of proazulenes and their relationships with phytosociological dependence and morphological characters of Achillea millefolium from wild populations has been examined. The vegetation records were made at 140 growing sites of A. millefolium. The species was found in 29 types of community representing different growing habitats. The resources of milfoils prevailed in dry grasslands of Arrhenatheretalia communities and ruderal habitats of Dauco-Meliliotion. The data on productivity and morphological characters were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis. A hierarchical cluster analysis indicated that higher productivity of A. millefolium populations was associated with their dependence on ruderal and segetal communities. The testing of A. millefolium plants revealed high variation for proazulenes in different communities. The proazulene-containing plants have been identified in 38% of all analysed cases. In the highest segetal and wasteland communities of Agropyretalia repentis, Sisybietalia, Digitario-Setarion, Aperion spicae-venti, Senecion fluviatilis only proazulene-free plants were found. Results of the ANOVA showed the proazulene-containing and proazulene-free plants significantly differed (P<0.05) for width of leaves and number of nodes. The presence of nodes in high number and narrow leaves in high proazulene-containing plants distinctly marked them from the proazulene-free plants. The study raised the possibility that selection based on the two morphological marker traits (node number and leaf width) and proazulene distribution in the populations would be effective for rapid identification of highly productive population(s) of pharmaceutical importance.

Lectotypification of names related to Teucrium montanum L. (Lamiaceae) reported for the Balkan peninsula

Phytotaxa ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 530 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-204
Author(s):  
MILOŠ ZBILJIĆ ◽  
DMITAR LAKUŠIĆ ◽  
IVANA STEVANOSKI ◽  
NEVENA KUZMANOVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Asia Minor

Teucrium montanum is a species widely distributed in Europe, occurring also in North Africa and Asia Minor. Because of its wide distribution and high morphological variability, many taxa related to T. montanum have been described. In this paper we discuss and lectotypify the following six names of taxa described or reported for the Balkan Peninsula: T. helianthemoides, T. montanum var. hirsutum, T. montanum var. modestum, T. montanum var. parnassicum, T. pannonicum, and T. skorpilii.

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