Effects of Light Quality on Vegetative Cutting and In Vitro Propagation of Coleus (Plectranthus scutellarioides)

Coleus (Plectranthus scutellarioides) is an attractive and popular ornamental plant with propagation mainly achieved through vegetative cuttings. For commercial purposes, it is of interest to enhance the speed of establishment while maintaining high quality. Light quality has been shown to influence adventitious root development, so these experiments examined the effect of narrow-bandwidth light treatments on root growth and overall plant quality for seven coleus cultivars with vegetative cuttings in potting soil and one cultivar with shoot tip in vitro cultures onto Murashige and Skoog (MS) agar medium. During the 28 days of the propagation period, the cuttings grown under narrow-bandwidth red light (R; 663.4 nm at peak) more than doubled in the adventitious root number compared with those under blue light (B; 445.7 nm at peak) and green light (G; 530.0 nm at peak) in five cultivars. R light also increased fresh weight of the cuttings by 55.6% more than G light. In comparison, the cuttings grown under G light yielded significantly lower root and shoot dry mass than other light treatments. R light cuttings showed more dry mass content (9.63%) than those under white light (W; 437.4 nm and 559.5 nm at peak) and G light (7.85% and 5.86%, respectively). A positive correlation (R2 = 0.598, P < 0.001) was found between the formation of adventitious roots and gained fresh weight of cuttings. R light made the reddish color of leaves significantly stronger in most cultivars, whereas the cuttings exposed to G light became less vivid compared with other light conditions. When the shoot tips were propagated in vitro onto MS medium, R light treatment initiated the root development more rapidly than other lights, with significantly greater rooting rate (20.0% and 63.6%, respectively) at day 5 and 10. The shoot tips under R light also formed significantly more roots (12.3 per cutting) than those grown under narrow-bandwidth B light (5.8 per cutting). The shoot tips showed browning at an early stage and newly emerged leaves grew very compactly under B light. The combination of red and green light (R+G) increased more than twice as much roots and dry mass compared with W light. In addition, the R+G light led to morphological changes, including larger leaves and longer petioles and internodes than those in other light treatments. The exposure to R+G+B and B light made the shoots very compact for the 28 days of in vitro culture period and significantly increased the chlorophyll contents resulting in dark green leaves.

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The influence of light quality on the shoot proliferation and rooting of Gerbera jamesonii in vitro

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.1995.021 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 105-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Eleonora Gabryszewska ◽

Ryszard Rudnicki

Keyword(s):

White Light ◽

Light Quality ◽

Red Light ◽

Green Light ◽

Shoot Proliferation ◽

Gerbera Jamesonii ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Axillary Shoots ◽

The Media

The effect of white, blue, green, red and UV + white light on the growth and development of shoots and roots of Gerbera jamesonii cv. Queen Rebecca in relation to the presence of kinetin or IAA were investigated. The highest number of axillary shoots was obtained in red and green light on the medium with 5 mg l<sup>-1</sup> kinetin. Also, green and red light markedly increased the number of leaves developed on the plantlets on the medium supplemented with kinetin. Light quality and IAA added to culture medium variously affected the development of root system: roots were regenerated under all light treatments, higher root number was recorded under red light when 5 mg l<sup>-1</sup> IAA was added to the media, the shortest roots were found in red light on the medium supplemented with IAA. The greatest fresh weight of shoots was found under white light on the medium with kinetin. Red light markedly decreased shoot fresh weight on hormone-free medium. Blue and white light caused increase in fresh weight of roots.

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The effect of some macronutrients on adventitious root development on scion apple cultivars in vitro

Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) ◽

10.1007/bf00033440 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 185-189 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

S. Sriskandarajah ◽

R. M. Skirvin ◽

H. Abu-Qaoud

Keyword(s):

Root Development ◽

Adventitious Root ◽

Adventitious Root Development ◽

Apple Cultivars

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Liquid Culture Systems Affect Morphological and Biochemical Parameters during Rosa canina Plantlets In Vitro Production

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha46110880 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 58-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Małgorzata MALIK ◽

Marzena WARCHOŁ ◽

Bożena PAWŁOWSKA

Keyword(s):

Solid Medium ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Shoot Tips ◽

Stem Explants ◽

Biomass Growth ◽

Mass Content ◽

Temporary Immersion System ◽

Culture Systems

Wild roses are an important group of plants used as decorative shrubs and cut flowers. They are also a row material for pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. For rose in vitro propagation, solid media are commonly used. Up till now there is a few reports confirming the beneficial effect of liquid media on Rosa shoot growth and multiplication. The aim of the study was to investigate different culture systems, temporary immersion system (TIS) (immersion frequencies of 15 min every 6, 8 and 12 h), rotary shaker (RS) and stationary liquid (SL) for propagation of R. canina and compare with solid medium culture. Shoot tips and stem explants were grown on basic Murashige and Skoog medium with 20 mg dm-3 Fe EDDHA, 1 µM BA, 1.5 µM GA3 and 3% sucrose for six weeks. Liquid cultures stimulated biomass growth. The highest biomass growth in RS cultures were observed however, RS reduced the shoot dry mass content. TIS cultures immersed every 6 and 8 h increased dry mass content. In TIS and on solid medium shoot multiplication was 1.5-2 times better than in other systems and stem explants were more efficient. Solid medium improved the content of chlorophyll a, b, a+b and carotenoids. Higher contents of photosynthetic pigments were determined in shoot tips than stem explants. TIS-derived plantlets accumulated the largest amount of phenolic compounds. As the frequency of immersion increases the concentration of these compounds were reduced. In turn, SL cultures favored the accumulation of soluble sugars.

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Effect of Fusicoccin on Adventitious Root Formation of Birch Shoot Tips (Betula pendula ROTH) Cultured in vitro

Plant and Cell Physiology ◽

10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a077486 ◽

1988 ◽

Keyword(s):

Adventitious Root ◽

Betula Pendula ◽

Root Formation ◽

Adventitious Root Formation ◽

Shoot Tips

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The effect of radiation of LED modules on the growth of dill (Anethum graveolens L.)

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.1515/biol-2016-0008 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 61-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Barbara Frąszczak ◽

Monika Gąsecka ◽

Anna Golcz ◽

Renata Zawirska-Wojtasiak

Keyword(s):

Blue Light ◽

Light Quality ◽

Red Light ◽

Spectral Composition ◽

Green Light ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Anethum Graveolens ◽

C 50 ◽

Selection Of

AbstractLight quality is thought to affect the growth and development of plants. We examined how light influences the growth and content of some chemical compounds in dill (Anethum graveolens L.). The plants were grown under different light quality. The share of orange and green light in the spectrum was constant and amounted to 10% for either colour. In the first combination (A, 70/10), there was 70% of red light and 10% of blue light. Other combinations had the following proportions: B 60/20, C 50/30, D 40/40 and E 30/50 of red and blue light. The PPFD was about 155 μmol m-2 s-1. Blue light inhibited the elongation growth as well as leaf area. It had positive influence on the accumulation of dry mass, glucose and fructose in the herb. In the combinations with higher percentage of red light the plants were characterised by higher content of essential oils, macronutrients and zinc. To sum up, we can say that the proportion of red and blue light has significant influence on the morphological qualities, chemical composition and dynamics of photosynthesis in these plants. On the other hand, the selection of spectral composition of LEDs will depend on the result we want to achieve.

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Manipulation of Low Temperature and Light Quality for Storage of Broccoli in Vitro

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.3.471a ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 471A-471

Author(s):

Sandra B. Wilson ◽

Keiko Iwabuchi ◽

Nihal C. Rajapakse ◽

Roy E. Young

Keyword(s):

Blue Light ◽

Carbon Balance ◽

Light Quality ◽

Storage Systems ◽

Stem Elongation ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Photon Flux ◽

Zero Carbon

Storage systems for tissue-cultured plants offer versatility in managing labor to meet market availability. Storage systems that minimize growth and yet sustain photosynthetic and regrowth potential require temperature, light quality, and light intensity to be manipulated for plantlet quality during and after storage. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Botrytis Group `Green Duke') plantlets were cultured photoautotrophically (without sugar) or photomixotrophically (with sugar) on cellulose plugs in liquid medium in vitro for 3 weeks at 23°C and 150 μmol·m–2·s–1 photosynthetic photon flux (PPF). To determine the conditions that yield a zero carbon balance, plantlets were subsequently stored for 3 days under different temperatures (1°C, 5°C, 10°C, 15°C), different light intensities (1.6 PPF, 4.1 PPF, 8.6 PPF), and different light spectra (white, blue, red). Plantlets stored under 5 PPF and 5°C maintained a zero carbon balance. Subsequently, plantlets were stored for 4, 8, or 12 weeks at 5°C under darkness or 5 PPF of white, red or blue light. Stem elongation was observed for plantlets stored under blue light. Plantlets stored under red light were characterized by increased chlorophyll, increased specific leaf mass (leaf dry mass per unit leaf area, SLM), increased starch in leaf tissue, and increased total soluble sugars in leaf and stem tissue. Plantlets grown with sucrose were characterized by increased dry mass, regardless of light treatment. After 8 weeks, plantlets grown with or without sucrose and stored in darkness did not survive acclimatization to greenhouse.

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The effect of silver nanoparticles on the limitation of ethylene gas and hydrolytic enzymatic activity in micropropagation of rose (Rosa hybrida L. 'Baby love')

Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.15625/1811-4989/17/3/13847 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 505-517

Author(s):

Ha Thi My Ngan ◽

Hoang Thanh Tung ◽

Ngo Dai Nghiep ◽

Bui Van Le ◽

Duong Tan Nhut

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Rosa Hybrida ◽

The Other ◽

Mass Ratio ◽

Fresh Weight

Micropropagation of rose (Rosa hybrida L. ‘Baby Love’) often encounter some abnormal phenomena such as yellow and abscission leaf, hyperhydricity, etc. These phenomena effect on the quality of shoots cultured in vitro as well as the survival rate of plantlets after transferred to greenhouse. This is due to the accumulation of ethylene in culture vessel, which leads to an increase in enzyme activity of cellulase and pectinase resulted in disrupting the cell wall binding and inducing organ abscission. In this study, the effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to overcome these abnormal phenomena as well as its effect on the growth and development of shoots and plantlets in rose cultured in vitro were evaluated. The results showed that after 6 weeks of shoot culture, the medium supplemented with 2 ppm AgNPs was the most suitable for in vitro shoot multiplication with the highest number of shoots/explant (6.67 shoots), shoot height (3.06 cm), fresh weight (451.00 mg), dry weight (58.33 mg), SPAD (32.28) and dry mass ratio(12.33%). Adding 3 ppm AgNPs into in vitro rooting medium may improve the growth and develop involve in plant height (3.06 cm), number of leaves (6.33), leaf length (1.50 cm), leaf width (1.50 cm), fresh weight (137.67 mg), dry weight (13.00 mg), number of roots (4.33), SPAD (39.37), dry mass ratio (9.40%) of rose plantlet after 4 weeks of culture. After treatment with AgNPs, the abnormal phenomena including ethylene gas accumulation (0.30 ppm), cellulase enzyme activity (0.14 UI/mL) and pectinase enzyme activity (0.40 UI/mL) was reduced compare with the other treatments and the control. In addition, the high survival rate (93.33%) of plantlets was also observed after 4 weeks transferred to greenhouse. On the other hand, the treatment with 5 ppm AgNPs also induced early rose in vitro flowering; however, when using AgNPs at high concentrations (7 ppm) inhibited growth, development, toxicity and even death of explants.

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Temperature and light in seed germination of Myrceugenia myrtoides O. Berg

Ornamental Horticulture ◽

10.14295/oh.v24i3.1213 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 211-217

Author(s):

Luciana Pinto Paim ◽

Eduarda Demari Avrella ◽

Aquelis Armiliato Emer ◽

Monique Caumo ◽

Luciano Silva Alves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Native Species ◽

Light Quality ◽

Green Light ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Light Conditions ◽

Continuous Darkness ◽

Lack Of Information ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

Effect Of Light

Myrceugenia myrtoides (Myrtaceae) is a species of tree size, occurring restricted to the state of Rio Grande do Sul state in Brazil, and Uruguay, presenting ornamental potential. The interest in native species for diverse uses is increasing, but their insertion is limited due to the lack of information on its propagation and cultivation. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of temperature and light on the germination of M. myrtoides seeds, in order to generate information that could aid in the propagation of the species and the exploration of its potential. The effects of constant temperatures of 20, 25 and 30 °C under a 16-hour photoperiod were evaluated. To evaluate the effect of light, the germination was tested in continuous darkness and under photoperiod of 16 hours, at a temperature of 25 °C and light intensity of 27 and 33.75 μmol m-2s-1 under white light quality and diffuse green light. The results showed a lower average germination time at temperatures of 25 and 30 ºC and a higher accumulation of dry mass under 30 ºC. There was superiority in the variables of seedling formation, shoot and root length and seedling formation under the number of seeds germinated at 25 ºC. However, the different light conditions tested did not affect the percentage of ermination. It is concluded that the temperature of 25 °C was the most adequate for seed germination and development of M.myrtoides seedlings and their seeds are classified as neutral photoblasts.

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