Yield and Chemical Composition of Chinese Cabbage in Relation to Thermal Regime as Influenced by Row Covers

The article presents the results of field experiments, where on the basis of podsolized heavy loamy chernozem the influence of replacement of mouldboard ploughing with nonmouldboard cultivation over top soil weediness, weediness at the beginning and end of spring crop vegetation and weed species composition before harve sting were studied. Investigation methods of main fall ploughing under spring crops of five-course rotation: soybeans–rape–wheat–flax–barley at the depths of 15-17, 20-22, 25-27 cm were conducted after post-harvest field tillage. Analysis of data on contamination of the top soil with weed seeds have shown that with the replacement of fall main mouldboard ploughing gwith nonmouldboard cultivation the figure before sowing of all crops withdifferent tillage depthat crop rotation average increased by 131-132%. It caused the increase of actual weed infestation of all crops and at the beginning and end of spring crop vegetationafter different depths of fall nonmouldboard cultivation compared with ploughing at crop rotation average it was 120–132 and 123-138%respectively. Species composition of weeds afterthe replacement of main fall mouldboard ploughing with nonmouldboard cultivation remained mainlyunchanged; although in rape plantings the proportion of white campion and early spring weed sincreased, in wheat plantings– wild mustard andscentless mayweed, insoybean plantings– late spring weeds, in flax plantings– white campion, and in barley plantings– scarlet pimpernel.

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Effects of Row Covers Using Non-woven Fleece on the Yields, Rate of Bolting, and Quality of Heading Chinese Cabbage in Early Spring Cultivation

Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.2503/jjshs1.ch-064 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 133-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Andrzej Kalisz ◽

Stanisław Cebula ◽

Piotr Siwek ◽

Agnieszka Sękara ◽

Aneta Grabowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinese Cabbage ◽

Early Spring ◽

Row Covers ◽

Heading Chinese Cabbage

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Floating row covers affect the molybdenum and nitrogen status of Chinese cabbage grown under field conditions

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/pp01158 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 585 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Diego A. Moreno ◽

Gemma Víllora ◽

Maria T. Soriano ◽

Nicolas Castilla ◽

Luis Romero

Keyword(s):

Chinese Cabbage ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Thermal Environment ◽

Amino Acid Level ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Organic N ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Row Covers ◽

Nr Activity

In three consecutive years of field experiments, an uncovered control (T0), and floating row covers treatment (T1: perforated polyethylene, 50 μm; T2: polypropylene, 17 g m–2) were used to produce different growth conditions for Chinese cabbage [Brassica pekinensis (Lour) Rupr. cv. Nagaoka 50]. Five samplings (whole tops) were made between transplant and harvest, and measurements were made of NO3-, NH4+. organic N, and Mo concentrations, as well as nitrate reductase (NR) activity, and amino acids in the whole shoots. The microclimatic conditions in T0 resulted in plants with higher Mo accumulation, as well as the highest basal NR activity and the lowest NO3- concentrations. The thermal environment under the T1 treatment induced the highest mean temperature values and resulted in plants with the highest amino acid level, whereas the plants in the T2 treatment with its intermediate thermal conditions, had the lowest levels of Mo and the highest NO3- concentrations. The floating row covers influenced the Mo status, which in turn affected NR activity. In addition, T1-polyethylene sheet and T2fleece favoured an increase in the levels of NO3- by the limitation in the NR activity, with the consequent risk of a high NO 3- level in vegetables for human consumption.

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Corrigendum to: Floating row covers affect the molybdenum and nitrogen status of Chinese cabbage grown under field conditions

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/pp01158_co ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 29 (7) ◽

pp. 907

Author(s):

Diego A. Moreno ◽

Gemma Víllora ◽

Maria T. Soriano ◽

Nicolas Castilla ◽

Luis Romero

Keyword(s):

Chinese Cabbage ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Thermal Environment ◽

Amino Acid Level ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Organic N ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Row Covers ◽

Nr Activity

In three consecutive years of field experiments, an uncovered control (T0), and floating row covers treatment (T1: perforated polyethylene, 50 μm; T2: polypropylene, 17 g m–2) were used to produce different growth conditions for Chinese cabbage [Brassica pekinensis (Lour) Rupr. cv. Nagaoka 50]. Five samplings (whole tops) were made between transplant and harvest, and measurements were made of NO3-, NH4+. organic N, and Mo concentrations, as well as nitrate reductase (NR) activity, and amino acids in the whole shoots. The microclimatic conditions in T0 resulted in plants with higher Mo accumulation, as well as the highest basal NR activity and the lowest NO3- concentrations. The thermal environment under the T1 treatment induced the highest mean temperature values and resulted in plants with the highest amino acid level, whereas the plants in the T2 treatment with its intermediate thermal conditions, had the lowest levels of Mo and the highest NO3- concentrations. The floating row covers influenced the Mo status, which in turn affected NR activity. In addition, T1-polyethylene sheet and T2fleece favoured an increase in the levels of NO3- by the limitation in the NR activity, with the consequent risk of a high NO 3- level in vegetables for human consumption.

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Development of late-bolting F1 hybrids of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) allowing early spring cultivation without heating

Euphytica ◽

10.1007/s10681-017-2079-x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 213 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Naoko Kitamoto ◽

Kazuhiro Nishikawa ◽

Yoshinori Tanimura ◽

Shoji Urushibara ◽

Takuya Matsuura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Rapa ◽

Chinese Cabbage ◽

Early Spring ◽

F1 Hybrids

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Correction to: Development of late-bolting F1 hybrids of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) allowing early spring cultivation without heating

Euphytica ◽

10.1007/s10681-018-2110-x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 214 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Naoko Kitamoto ◽

Kazuhiro Nishikawa ◽

Yoshinori Tanimura ◽

Shoji Urushibara ◽

Takuya Matsuura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Rapa ◽

Chinese Cabbage ◽

Early Spring ◽

F1 Hybrids

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Variability in chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Rosa × damascena Herrm. from mountainous regions of Iran

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture ◽

10.1186/s40538-021-00219-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mansureh Ghavam ◽

Afsaneh Afzali ◽

Maria Manconi ◽

Gianluigi Bacchetta ◽

Maria Letizia Manca

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Rosa Damascena ◽

Mountainous Regions ◽

Aspergillus Brasiliensis ◽

Suitable Area

Abstract Background Essential oil of Rosa × damascena Herrm. is one of the most valuable and important raw materials for the flavor and fragrance industry. The cultivation of this plant has ancient origins, and Kashan was one of the first mountainous regions of Iran dealing with the cultivation of R. × damascena. In this study, both chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of different rose essential oils obtained from five mountainous areas of Kashan region (Maragh, Qamsar, Sadeh, Javinan, and Kamoo) has been investigated along with the influence of the environmental conditions on these properties. Results Results showed that yield and chemical composition of essential oils obtained from Rosa × damascena were significantly affected by the collection area. In particular, the yield of oils varied from ~0.08 to ~0.132% and citronellol (36.70-9.18%), geraniol (12.82-0.47%), nonadecane (22.73-10.36%), heneicosane (31.7-11.43%), and 1-nonadecene (6.03-3.93%) have been detected as main compounds in all the plants collected, but at different concentrations depending on the collection area. The best fragrance and the highest yield were found in the oil from Kamoo area. Similarly to the chemical composition, the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was affected by their origin, and essential oil obtained from plants collected from Kamoo area disclosed the highest antibacterial and antifungal efficacy. Its inhibition halos were 17.33±0.58 mm against Aspergillus brasiliensis, 15.67±0.58 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, and 12.33±0. 58 mm against Streptococcus pyogenes. Essential oils of R. damascena were also effective against Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and they had a MIC value of 62.50 μg/mL irrespective of the collection area (except the oil from Javinan area). On the contrary, the highest antifungal power against Candida albicans yeast was reached using the essential oil obtained from plants collected in Javinan region (MIC and MBC ~62.50 μg/mL). Conclusions Overall results underline the influence of environmental conditions of the different areas of Kashan region, on the chemical composition of and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Rosa × damascena. In addition, results disclosed that Kamoo seemed to be the most suitable area for the competitive cultivation of R. × damascena to the intensive production of aromatic flower oil and natural antimicrobial essential oils.

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Otolith chemical composition suggests local populations of Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarctica (Boulenger, 1902) around Antarctica are exposed to similar environmental conditions at early life stages

Polar Biology ◽

10.1007/s00300-021-02932-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Antonio Di Franco ◽

Antonio Calò ◽

Giuseppe Egidio De Benedetto ◽

Laura Ghigliotti ◽

Antonio Pennetta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Early Life ◽

Life Stages ◽

Early Life Stages ◽

Local Populations ◽

Antarctic Silverfish

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Comprehensive Analysis of the Histone Deacetylase Gene Family in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa): From Evolution and Expression Pattern to Functional Analysis of BraHDA3

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11030244 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 244

Author(s):

Seung Hee Eom ◽

Tae Kyung Hyun

Keyword(s):

Functional Analysis ◽

Brassica Rapa ◽

Chinese Cabbage ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Histone Deacetylases ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Evolutionary Relationship ◽

Gene Families ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Lysine Residues

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are known as erasers that remove acetyl groups from lysine residues in histones. Although plant HDACs play essential roles in physiological processes, including various stress responses, our knowledge concerning HDAC gene families and their evolutionary relationship remains limited. In Brassica rapa genome, we identified 20 HDAC genes, which are divided into three major groups: RPD3/HDA1, HD2, and SIR2 families. In addition, seven pairs of segmental duplicated paralogs and one pair of tandem duplicated paralogs were identified in the B. rapa HDAC (BraHDAC) family, indicating that segmental duplication is predominant for the expansion of the BraHDAC genes. The expression patterns of paralogous gene pairs suggest a divergence in the function of BraHDACs under various stress conditions. Furthermore, we suggested that BraHDA3 (homologous of Arabidopsis HDA14) encodes the functional HDAC enzyme, which can be inhibited by Class I/II HDAC inhibitor SAHA. As a first step toward understanding the epigenetic responses to environmental stresses in Chinese cabbage, our results provide a solid foundation for functional analysis of the BraHDAC family.

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