scholarly journals HIV infection and multiple drug resistant tuberculosis: the frequency of co-infection and treatment efficacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
O. V. Filinyuk ◽  
A. S. Alliluev ◽  
D. E. Аmichba ◽  
P. N. Golubchikov ◽  
Yu. S. Popelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Hiv Negative

The objective of the study: in Tomsk Region, to establish the frequency of multiple drug resistance (MDR) of mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) in new tuberculosis patients with the reference to their HIV status and to assess their treatment outcomes.Subjects and methods. The presented results were obtained from a retrospective cohort study of 788 new tuberculosis patients who were registered for MDR TB treatment at Tomsk Phthisiopulmonology Medical Center from January 2017 to April 2019.Results. In Tomsk Region, the level of primary MDR reaches 31.3% in patients with TB/HIV co-infection, while in HIV negative tuberculosis patients, this rate is 24.2%. The incidence of primary MDR/XDR MTB reaches 40% among deceased patients with TB/HIV co-infection. Treatment efficacy in MDR/XDR TB patients with associated HIV infection is low – the effective treatment was achieved only in 7.3% of them. In general (excluding the data on MTB drug resistance and antiretroviral therapy), treatment efficacy of tuberculosis patients with HIV infection is significantly lower versus HIV negative tuberculosis patients: 37.7% and 61.9%, respectively, OR 0.38 [0.28; 0.50], p = 0.001.

Analisis of budget costs with different treatment efficiencies of newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients with multiple drug resistant pathogen

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
N.V. Kuznetsov ◽  
A.S. Lesonen ◽  
U.M. Markelov ◽  
E.D. Mikhailova
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant ◽  
Treatment Gaps ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the results of predicting the dynamics of the spread of new cases of tuberculosis (TB) with multiple drug resistance (MDR) in the Republic of Karelia, as well as the costs of treating patients with tuberculosis, considering the different effectiveness of treatment. It has been demonstrated that while enhancing efficiency of treatment, due to the rapid determination of drug resistance by the method of polymerase chain reaction and a decrease in treatment gaps (using food kits), the effectiveness of treatment is significantly increased and the prevalence of MDR-TB decreases, which leads to significant budget savings.

scholarly journals PATTERN AND DRUG SENSITIVITY OF NON-SPECIFIC BACTERIAL POPULATION IN TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (9) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
A. V. LАVRINENKO ◽  
◽  
I. S. АZIZOV ◽  
S. I. KOLESNICHENKO ◽  
M. T. KOZHАMURАTOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Sensitivity ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients

scholarly journals Treatment efficacy and tuberculosis relapses in HIV infected patients with severe immunosuppression who started antiretroviral therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
E. V. Korzh ◽  
N. A. Podchos ◽  
L. V. Striga ◽  
T. S. Izvekova ◽  
N. A. Malyavko
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Severe Immunosuppression ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Discharge From Hospital

The objective: to analyze treatment efficacy and causes of tuberculosis relapses in HIV-infected patients with severe immunosuppression who have started antiretroviral therapy (ART). Subjects and methods. 139 case histories were studied, those case history belonged to the patients with TB/HIV co-infection and CD4 count below 100 cells/μl, a median of 33.2 cells/μl – 4.2%, who started ART in the in-patient unit. The efficacy of inpatient treatment was assessed; 89 patients were followed up after discharge from hospital. The follow-up period lasted from January 2011 to May 2019. Results. ART did not increase the efficacy of the in-patient stage of TB/HIV treatment due to the development of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, which occurred in 34.5% of patients and accounted for 70.0% of hospital lethality cases. After discharge from hospital, 69.7% of patients successfully completed anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, 25.8% died before completing treatment, the main cause of death was tuberculosis (56.5%), including multiple drug resistance in 30.8% of cases. At the outpatient stage, 29.1% of patients interrupted ART, their death rate was higher (p = 0.007), and tuberculosis and HIV-associated diseases became the cause of death more often (p = 0.042) versus the compliant patients. Tuberculosis relapses developed in 17.7% after 16.7 ± 1.7 months after completion of treatment; 63.6% had multiple drug resistance, patients with tuberculosis relapses interrupted ART more often (p = 0.002), had a lower CD4 count (p = 0.030) versus patients without relapses. As of May 2019, 46.1% of patients survived and had no signs of active tuberculosis; 42.7% died, tuberculosis dominated among the causes of death – 50.0% (in 52.6% – multiple drug resistance) as well as HIV-associated diseases (21.1%).

scholarly journals PHARMACOKINETICS OF INH AND PZA IN MDR-TB: A REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ramya ◽  
S. Shanmugam
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Affected Patient ◽  
First Line ◽  
Mdr Tb

Tuberculosis remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, including india. Isoniazid and pyrazinamide are powerful drugs administered as the First line and second line Anti-TB drugs in Tuberculosis affected patient. It plays a key role in shortening the TB therapy. Isoniazid (INH), and pyrazinamide (PZA) are the main drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Mycobacterium tuberculosis is responsible for causing tuberculosis can acquire multiple drug resistance (MDR) by not responding to the most powerful anti-TB agents. The complications of drug resistance in TB elevates the some of the risk factors like inadequate treatment compliance, noncompliance of the patients to the treatment. Pharmacokinetics provides a basic time course of drugs and their effects in the body. These pharmacokinetic processes referred to as ADME. Key words Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, MDR, ADME, TB

scholarly journals Predictors of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis among High-Risk Population Diagnosed under National Program Conditions in the Littoral Region, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Teyim Pride Mbuh ◽  
Adeline Wandji ◽  
Liliane Keugni ◽  
Sandrine Mboh ◽  
Irene Ane-Anyangwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Littoral Region ◽  
Mdr Tb

Multiple drug resistance TB (MDR-TB) has greatly jeopardized the effective control of tuberculosis in Africa. This study is aimed at determining the incidence and predictors of drug resistant-TB amongst bacteriologically diagnosed cases in the Littoral region of Cameroon. This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted from January 2016 to December 2017. A total of 1665 participants were enrolled from 32 diagnostic and treatment centers (DTCs) in the Littoral region. Demographic, clinical, socioeconomic, and behavioral data were obtained using a pretested structured questionnaire. Drug susceptibility testing was performed using Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay and line probe assay (LPA). Consent was obtained from participant/guidance. Data analysis was carried with SPSS version 21. Univariate and multiple logistic regression was performed at 5% significance level. The incidence of rifampicin and MDR-TB was 86 (5.2%) and 75 (4.5%), respectively. More (11.3%) cases of drug resistance were diagnosed in 2016 compared to 2017 (3.7%). Eleven (0.7%) were resistant to rifampicin only. A total of 19 (4.4%) cases of rifampicin resistance were detected from newly diagnosed cases and 67 (5.4%) from previously retreated cases. Pre-XDR-TB was detected in 2 (2.7%) of the MDR-TB cases amongst whom 1 (1.3%) was extensive drug resistance TB (XDR-TB). Age greater than 60 years old ( OR = 4.98 , p = 0.047 ), being married ( OR = 1.91 , p = 0.006 ), being currently incarcerated ( OR = 1.74 , p = 0.027 ), and having contact with known TB cases ( OR = 1.88 , p = 0.007 ) were associated to MDR-TB in a univariate analysis. This study highlights the declining rates of TB drug resistance in the region over the years probably due to the introduction of Gene Xpert that results in early detection of RR-TB. It also shows that age greater than 60 years, being married, and incarcerated are predictors of drug resistant-TB, while the year of patient enrolment and previous exposure to TB treatment were independent predictors of drug resistance in the Littoral region of Cameroon.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF CORRELATION BETWEEN HIV INFECTION AND TUBERCULOSIS WITH MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. А. POPOV ◽  
◽  
T. P. SАBGАYDА ◽  
T. S. RАDINА ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug

scholarly journals EXPERIENCE OF SHORT-COURSE TREATMENT IN THOSE SUFFERING FROM MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Toktogonovа ◽  
Z. Dzh. Kyzаlаkovа ◽  
T. I. Petrenko ◽  
T. A. Kolpаkovа
Keyword(s):  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
The Past ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Default Rate

The article presents the analysis of outcomes of short course treatment of tuberculosis patients with multiple drug resistance (MDR TB), which was twice shorter compared to standard treatment (9-12 months versus 20-14 months). The efficiency of short-course and standard treatment did not differ significantly in new MDR TB cases and those previously who had limited tuberculous lesions and received no therapy with second line drugs in the past (69.2% versus 68.2%), while the default rate was twice less (13.5% versus 27%, p = 0.03). Economic efficiency of treatment: costs of drugs for short-course treatment of MDR TB were 3 times lower compared to the standard one.

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