Plant Density and Leaf Area Index Effects on the Distribution of Light Transmittance to the Soil Surface in Maize

2014 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 1828-1837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis J. Timlin ◽  
David H. Fleisher ◽  
Armen R. Kemanian ◽  
Vangimalla R. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Area Index

scholarly journals Comparative Yield, Fiber Quality and Dry Matter Production of Cotton Planted at Various Densities under Equidistant Row Arrangement

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Nangial Khan ◽  
Fangfang Xing ◽  
Lu Feng ◽  
Zhanbiao Wang ◽  
Minghua Xin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Lint Yield ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Area Index ◽  
High Plant Density

The number of cotton plants grown per unit area has recently gained attention due to technology expense, high input, and seed cost. Yield consistency across a series of plant populations is an attractive cost-saving option. Field experiments were conducted to compare biomass accumulation, fiber quality, leaf area index, yield and yield components of cotton planted at various densities (D1, 1.5; D2, 3.3; D3, 5.1; D4, 6.9; D5, 8.7; and D6, 10.5 plants m−2). High planting density (D5) produced 21% and 28% more lint yield as compared to low planting density (D1) during both years, respectively. The highest seed cotton yield (4662 kg/ha) and lint yield (1763 kg/ha) were produced by high plant density (D5) while the further increase in the plant population (D6) decreased the yield. The increase in yield of D5 was due to more biomass accumulation in reproductive organs as compared to other treatments. The highest average (19.2 VA gm m−2 d−1) and maximum (21.8 VM gm m−2 d−1) rates of biomass were accumulated in reproductive structures. High boll load per leaf area and leaf area index were observed in high planting density as compared to low, while high dry matter partitioning was recorded in the lowest planting density as compared to other treatments. Plants with low density had 5% greater fiber length as compared to the highest plant density, while the fiber strength and micronaire value were 10% and 15% greater than the lowest plant density. Conclusively, plant density of 8.7 plants m−2 is a promising option for enhanced yield, biomass, and uniform fiber quality of cotton.

The validation of a model estimating the Leaf Area Index of grasslands in southern China

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengming Sun ◽  
Zhengguo Sun ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Doudou Guo ◽  
Shaojie Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Normalised Difference Vegetation Index

In order to estimate the leaf area index (LAI) over large areas in southern China, this paper analysed the relationships between normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the vegetation light transmittance and the extinction coefficient based on the use of moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer data. By using the improved Beer–Lambert Law, a model was constructed to estimate the LAI in the grassy mountains and slopes of southern China with NDVI as the independent variable. The model was validated with field measurement data from different locations and different years in the grassland mountains and slopes of southern China. The results showed that there was a good correlation between the simulated and observed LAI values, and the values of R2 achieved were high. The relative root mean squared error was between 0.109 and 0.12. This indicated that the model was reliable. The above results provided the theoretical basis for the effective management of the grassland resources in southern China and the effective estimation of grassland carbon sink.

Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) Growth and Development in Conventional and No-Tillage Corn (Zea mays)

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 609-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Defelice ◽  
William W. Witt ◽  
Michael Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Seed Plant ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Dry Weight Growth

Monoculture velvetleaf had greater dry weight, growth rate, leaf area index, and height than velvetleaf grown in association with conventional or no-tillage corn. Velvetleaf planted 5 weeks after corn had significantly lower dry weight, leaf area index, and height compared to velvedeaf planted at the same time as corn. The combination of interference from corn and delayed planting caused a significant reduction in velvetleaf population at the end of the season, delayed the date of 50% velvetleaf flowering, increased the number of days required for 50% flowering, and reduced the number of capsules per plant. Velvetleaf dry weight/hectare and leaf area index increased as plant population increased. Velvetleaf dry weight, leaf area, capsules, and seed/plant decreased as plant density increased. There were no differences in vegetative or reproductive growth between velvetleaf grown in conventional or no-tillage areas.

Effect of Plant Density on Dynamic Characteristics of Leaf Area Index in Deve-lopment of Spring Maize

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1097-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui SUN ◽  
Ping ZHU ◽  
Zhi-Min WANG ◽  
Yan-Xia CONG ◽  
Ling GOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Spring Maize

scholarly journals Study of plant physiological parameters in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus var. napus f. biennis L.) production on chernozem soil

2016 ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Éva Vincze ◽  
Péter Pepó
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Relative Chlorophyll Content

We made plant physiology examinations in Arkaso winter oilseed rape hybrid substance: relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) and leaf area index (LAI) measurements. The experiment was set in University of Debrecen Agricultural Sciences Center at Látóképi Experimental Station in four replications, in two different sowing times (I. sowing date on 08/22/2014 and II. sowing date on 09/09/2014 sowing againhappened because of the incomplete germination in the second subtance 01/10/2014) Three different plant density 200, 350 and 500 thousand ha-1, under the same nutrient supply, 45 cm row spacing. The experiment was green crop of winter wheat. The relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) and leaf area index (LAI) measurements were made in seven different times. We measured the maximum value of chlorophyll content in the first sowing time at 500, and the second sowing time at 350 thousand ha-1 plant density. The measurement results proved that there was a linear relationship between the number of plants and the LAI. The maximum leaf area index values we measured in both the sowing time at 500 thousand ha-1 reached.

scholarly journals INFLUÊNCIA DO DESMATAMENTO NO ÍNDICE DE ÁREA FOLIAR E TEMPERATURA DA SUPERFÍCIE NO CERRADO MATO-GROSSENSE

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Oliveira Ivo ◽  
Marcelo Sacardi Biudes ◽  
Nadja Gomes Machado ◽  
Vagner Marques Pavão
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Thematic Mapper ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Mato Grosso

A substituição do Cerrado mato-grossense para práticas agrícolas e a dinâmica fenológica alteram os índices biofísicos da superfície como a temperatura da superfície (Tsup) e o índice de área foliar (IAF). Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a variação do IAF e da Tsup por sensoriamento remoto em uma área de Cerrado no interior do estado de Mato Grosso. Imagens do sensor Thematic Mapper (TM) Landsat 5 foram utilizadas para estimar o IAF e a Tsup de uma área de Cerrado (CE), cana-de-açúcar (CA), pastagem (PA) e soja (SJ) em 2011. O IAF e a Tsup apresentaram correlação inversa. O IAF diminuiu e a Tsup aumentou ao longo da estação seca. Os maiores IAF e menores Tsup foram observados no CE, enquanto que os menores IAF e maiores Tsup foram observados na SJ. Os padrões temporais e espaciais do IAF e da Tsup na área de estudo ocorreram dirigidos pela precipitação, atividades antropogênicas e pelo próprio ciclo fenológico da vegetação.Palavras-chave: superfície do solo, antropização, aquecimento da superfície, sensoriamento remoto. INFLUENCE OF DEFORESTATION ON LEAF AREA INDEX AND SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN THE CERRADO OF MATO GROSSO ABSTRACT:The substitution of the Cerrado of Mato Grosso for agricultural practices and phenological dynamics alter the biophysical indexes of the surface such as surface temperature (Tsup) and leaf area index (LAI). Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the variation of LAI and Tsup by remote sensing in a Cerrado area in the state of Mato Grosso. The images of the Thematic Mapper (TM) Landsat 5 sensor were used to estimate the LAI and Tsup of an area of Cerrado (CE), sugarcane (CA), pasture (PA) and soybean (SJ) in 2011. The LAI and Tsup presented an inverse correlation. LAI declined and Tsup increased throughout the dry season. The higher LAI and lower Tsup were observed in the CE, while the lower LAI and higher Tsup were observed in SJ. The temporal and spatial patterns of LAI and Tsup in the study area were driven by precipitation, anthropogenic activities and by the phenological cycle of vegetation itself.Keywords: soil surface, anthropization, surface heating, remote sensing.

scholarly journals Evaluating the effect of plant population densities and nitrogen application on the leaf area index of maize in a reclaimed wetland in Kenya

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Waithira Njuguna ◽  
Hellen Wangechi Kamiri ◽  
John Robert Okalebo ◽  
Wilson Ngetich ◽  
Syphilline Kebeney
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Area Index ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Maize is the main staple food in Kenya with over 90% of Kenyans relying on it. While the annual national consumption is increasing, the production of this crop has been on the decline in the last two decades. Maize production in Kenya fell by 33.4% in 2013 with Nyeri among the counties said to be grappling with the production of this crop. Land pressure is one of the major causes of decreased availability of food as well as soil depletion and encroachment upon fragile ecosystems such as wetlands. Nitrogen is a key nutrient in the production of maize, and its deficiency is a major factor limiting its production. This study investigated the effect of N application at 120 kg N/ha and maize density on the Leaf Area Index in reclaimed wetland soils in an experimental set-up comprising a randomized complete block design with three replications. The research was carried out in Nyeri County, Kenya. Leaf Area Index (LAI) was determined using the given SunScan formula. Measurements were done continuously until crop physiological maturity. Results indicated that the leaf area index increased with nitrogen application and reduced with spacing for most treatments. There were no significant differences between the two methods (Copy Method and SunScan). Leaf Area Index (LAI) was high in treatments containing nitrogen and high plant density. It was concluded that high plant density gives high LAI. 50 cm * 12.5 cm (-N) and 50 cm * 12.5 cm (+N) are the recommended plant densities for the site.

Plant density and intra-row spacing effects on phenology, dry matter accumulation and leaf area index of maize in second cropping

Biologija ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raouf Seyed Sharifi ◽  
Ali Namvar
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Spacing Effects

Crop phenology is one of the most important aspects of crop yield determination and it is essential to predicting physiological responses under varying field conditions. In order to evaluate plant density and intra-row spacing effects on phenology, dry matter accumulation, and leaf area index of maize in second cropping, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted at the research farm of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. Experimental factors were: plant population at three levels (7, 9, and 11 plants m–2) with three levels of intra-row spacing (45, 60, and 75 cm). The results showed that the maximum plant height (179.07  cm), total dry matter (592  g  m–2) in 83–91 days after sowing, days to 50% anthesis (45 days), days to 50% silking (50 days), LAI (4.07) in 63–70 days after sowing were observed in the plots with 11 plants m–2 and intra-row spacing of 45 cm. Based on the results, it was concluded that application of 11 plants m–2 with row spacing of 45 cm can be recommended for profitable maize production.

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