scholarly journals EVALUATION DE LA FAUNE ENTOMOLOGIQUE ASSOCIEE A BALANITES AEGYPTIACA (L.) DEL. DANS LE SUD-OUEST DU NIGER

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 597-605
Author(s):  
Drame Yaye Aissetou ◽  
◽  
Adamou Salissou ◽  
Saminou Elh Dango Djamallidine ◽  
Garba Madougou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
The South ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Animal Food ◽  
Agro Forestry ◽  
Different Parts

Balanites aegyptiaca (Desert date) is one of the pioneer agro-forestry species in the Sahel.The different parts of the tree are used in human and animal food, and the fruits are an important source of revenue for the rural population. This study aims at reducing the research data gapon in the entomofauna associated with B. aegyptiaca in countries like Niger. Tree and fruits samples were taken in the rural area of SansaneHaoussa in the South- western part of Niger to inventory insect species present and assess the level of damage. The germination potential of attacked fruits was also assessed. The plant is attacked by various insect pests belonging mainly to the orders of Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Orthoptera with a predominance of the first. However the most dangerous ones are the species which cause damage to the fruits, including Ephestiakuehniella Zeller, 1879 (Lepidopèra Pyralidae) which perforates the fruits and damages the grains hindering the germination of seeds of B. aegyptiaca.

Eco-smart pest management in rice farming: prospects and challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (Special) ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
SD Mohapatra ◽  
R Tripathi ◽  
Anjani Kumar ◽  
Suchismita Kar ◽  
Minati Mohapatra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Pest Damage ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Hyper Spectral ◽  
Rice Pest ◽  
Computer Based

The insect problem is accentuated in intensive rice cropping where the insects occur throughout the year in overlapping generations. Over 800 insect species damaging rice in one way or another, although the majority of them do very little damage. In India, about a dozen of insect species are of major importance but the economic damage caused by these species varies greatly from field to field and from year to year. Insect pests cause about 10-15 per cent yield losses. Farmers lose an estimated average of 37% of their rice crop to insect pests and diseases every year. This review focuses on precision farming tools being used in rice pest and diseases management viz., forecasting model for real-time pest-advisory services, hyper-spectral remote sensing in pest damage assessment, computer-based decision support system, disruptive technologies (mobile apps).

scholarly journals On the Geology of the Beaufort and Ebbw Vale District of the South Wales Coal-Field

The Geologist ◽  
1858 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
George Phillips Bevan
Keyword(s):  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Health It ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
The South ◽  
Great Demand ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Burning Coal ◽  
Coal Measures ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
General Appearance

In my former paper I endeavoured to describe the general appearance and characteristics of the limestone, millstone grit, and Pennant rocks of this coal-field, and shall now proceed to give a brief outline of the coal measures themselves and their fossil contents. As I stated before, the character of the coal is materially different in different parts of the basin; for instance, if a line be drawn from Merthyr to the sea in a south-western direction, it will divide the basin into two unequal portions, the eastern one containing bituminous coal, and the western the anthracite. I do not mean to say that there is an exact line of demarcation between the two kinds of coal, but merely that such a boundary will seem to show pretty well where the two qualities pass into one another. Curiously enough, too, in the western or anthracite portion the seams are anthracitic in the northern bassets, while the southern outcrops of the same veins are bituminous. The anthracite is now in very great demand; but, formerly, people would have nothing to do with it, and there was even a law passed to prevent its being burned in London, on account of its supposed noxious qualities, and the idea that it was detrimental to health. It differs from the bituminous coal principally in containing more carbon, less bituminous matter, and less ashes; and, as a consequence, is a much cleaner-burning coal. We may, however, dismiss the anthracite, as this portion of the field is destitute of it.

New records of the occurrence of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) species in rural area of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, in the South of Brazil

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Somavilla Lignon ◽  
Emanuelle de Souza Farias ◽  
Felipe Arley Costa Pessoa ◽  
Eduarda Maria Trentin Santi ◽  
Lucas Alexandre Farias de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
New Records ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
The South ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
Santa Maria

scholarly journals Overview of undesirable effects of using diatomaceous earths for direct mixing with grains

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlatko Korunic
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Diatomaceous Earth ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Stored Product Insects ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Species Tolerance

Despite numerous advantages of diatomaceous earth (DE), its use for direct mixing with grains to control stored-product insects remains limited because of some very serious obstacles and disadvantages. The main obstacles preventing a wider use of DEs for mixing with grain, such as health concerns, the reduction in bulk density, differences in insect species tolerance to the same DE formulation, the effects of grain moisture and temperature on the effectiveness against insects, the influence of various commodities on DE efficacy, the use of DEs in some other fields, and possible solutions for overcoming DE limitations during direct mixing with grains are described in this manuscript. The same attempts have been made to discover new ways of increasing significantly the effectiveness against insects when much lower concentrations are used for direct mixing with grains. If these newer enhanced formulations can respond to the existing limitations of diatomaceous earth, a wider utilization of diatomaceous earth may be expected to control stored-product insect pests.

scholarly journals Immigration and range expansion in Finnish insects

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
Hans Silfverberg
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
The South ◽  
North East ◽  
A Minor

During the 20th century many insect species have expanded into Finland and established themselves as part of the fauna. Some species of Coleoptera seem to have been carried here originally by man, but nowadays live outdoors. Many other species seem to have reached Finland on their own, and colonized a minor or major part of the country. Most colonists have come from the south, only a few from the east or north-east. This article lists various kinds of newcomers to Finland.

scholarly journals TEOLOGIA PÚBLICA NO BRASIL: UM PRIMEIRO BALANÇO

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (122) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Rudolf Von Sinner
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
South African ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Theology ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
The South ◽  
The World ◽  
Uniform Definition ◽  
Different Parts

À luz de desafios atuais presentes no espaço público brasileiro, a discussão sobre a presença de crucifixos em tribunais gaúchos e a atuação de políticos evangélicos no Congresso, o artigo propõe-se fazer um primeiro balanço da reflexão sobre uma teologia pública no Brasil. Assim, procura responder à pergunta “o que é teologia pública?” não de forma definitória, inequívoca, uniformizante. Antes, mostra uma variedade de origens do termo e de oportunidades, bem como de perigos contidos neste conceito. Num primeiro passo, o artigo apresenta quatro linhas de abordagem presentes na emergente discussão brasileira. Em seguida, recorrendo ao sul-africano Dirk Smit, mostra a diversidade de origens e usos do conceito em várias partes do mundo. Por fim, procura evidenciar a pertinência e o potencial de uma teologia pública no Brasil – com ousadia e humildade.ABSTRACT: In view of actual challenges present in the Brazilian public space, the discussion on the presence of crosses in courthouses in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, as well as on the activities of evangelical Congressmen, this article ventures into a first balance of reflection on a public theology in Brazil. It seeks to respond to the question “what is public theology?” not with a clear and uniform definition. Rather, it shows a variety of origins and opportunities, as well as dangers contained in the concept. In a first step, the article presents four lines of thought present in the emerging Brazilian discussion. Then, with reference to the South African theologian Dirk Smit, it shows the diversity of origins and uses of the concept in different parts of the world. Finally, it seeks to show the pertinence and the potential of a public theology in Brazil – both with boldness and humility. 

scholarly journals Potentials of the Extracts of Algerian Saharan Plant Cotula cinerea for the Management of Two Insect Pests, Aphis fabae and Tribolium castaneum

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-57
Author(s):  
Fatma Acheuk ◽  
◽  
Kemais Abdellaoui ◽  
Wassima Lakhdari ◽  
Nora Chahbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Cotula Cinerea ◽  
Synergetic Action

The insecticidal potential of the Saharan plant Cotula cinerea, was evaluated on two insect species namely Aphis fabae and Tribolium castaneum by topical application (contact toxicity) and repellency test. A crude ethanolic extract of aerial part of the plant was prepared and tested in the laboratory on adults of both species. For contact toxicity, five doses were tested on each of the two species 1.56, 3.12, 6.25, 12.5 and 25 mg/ml for A. fabae and 25, 50, 250, 350 and 500 µg/insect for T. castaneum. The repellency of the extract was studied at the dose 500 μg/insect for T. castaneum and 25 µg/ml for A. fabae. Results showed that the repellency of the extract increased with exposure time and the highest rates were observed after 4 h of exposure (72.33 ± 22% for T. castaneum and 87 ± 3.6% for A. fabae). For insecticidal activity, at the highest doses (25 mg/ml and 500 µg/ml), 100% mortality is obtained 72 h after treatment for A. fabae and after 48 h for T. castaneum. The extract of this plant was found to be more toxic against T. castaneum adults. LD50 calculated 24 h after treatment for the two species is estimated at 1.7 mg/ml for A. fabae and at 30.3 µg/insect for T. castaneum. The extract of this plant inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in both insect species. This result suggests that this plant has a neurotoxic effect on A. fabae and T. castaneum. The results of phytochemical study showed that the plant is mainly rich in flavonoids, gallic tannins, alkaloids, saponosides and glucosides. The insecticidal effect obtained in this study could be due to the synergetic action of all constituents of the extract. Results suggest the possibility of using the extracts of this plant in integrated pest management to replace the chemical insecticides.

scholarly journals Hardware – wheat pests as elements of the species consortium

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
T. M. Kolombar
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
The Face

Annually in the world, insect pests kill 10–15 % of the crop yield, which in the face of increasing humanity creates a global problem for food security. For the territory of Ukraine in some years, the loss of wheat yields reach 25 % and, in the face of this tendency, real risks to the security of the state are created. Considering that the agrarian trend of the state development has been increasing in recent years, the development of grain-adapted to the ecological and climatic conditions of Ukraine is a priority direction of the development of domestic agriculture. And the development of new environmentally friendly methods of controlling pests of wheat using parasitic organisms will become a fundamentally new and pressing issue in the development of organic production in the country. The general list of pest species that can cause serious wheat yield and forage reduction in Ukraine includes more than 230 names, but only 18 species are able toentail the biggest losses. Among them belong to the order Coleoptera. One insect species is usually a host of several species of mites, nematodes and up to ten species of gregarines and microsporidia. Unfortunately, the taxonomic composition of parasites of phytophagous pets of wheat in Ukraine has not been thoroughly investigated. We studied the interrelation between parasites of 4 phytophagous insects of wheat as well as of 14 insect species found in granaries. The study of the species composition of parasitic organisms of wheat and grain pests is based on the study of the elementary part of the consortium ecosystem, where they act as second order consortia. Phytophagous parasites of wheat and collar pests of cereals, as second-order consorts, have been fragmented worldwide. The purpose of this work is to determine the species composition of gregarine as a component of wheat consortium for their further use in the creation of integrated methods of protection of wheat and products of its processing. As a result, 28 species of gregarines were registered, which belong to seven families (Didymophyidae, Ophryocystidae, Hirmocystidae, Lipotrophidae, Stylocephalidae, Actinocephalidae and Gregarinidae). On the average, 1–2 species of gregarines parasitize in one pest species. 7–10 species of parasites were identified in some insects of the family Tenebrionidae (Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus, 1758 and Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val, 1863). Each presented parasite is characteristic of 1–2 species of pests, but there are species of gregarines that infect up to four species of model species, such as Gregarina cuneata Stein, 1848. The largest number of individuals who are infested with gregarines belong to such families as Tenebrionidae and Dermestidae (38,6 % and 36,0 % of the total number of species, respectively). On pests – phytophages parasitizes about 8 species of gregarine families Stylocephalidae, Gregarinidae, Actinocephalidae. For barns pests are recorded barnacles of all 7 families.

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