scholarly journals Agro-morphological characterization of horned melon (Cucumis metuliferus) accessions from selected agro-ecological zones in Kenya

2020 ◽  
pp. 1487-1496
Author(s):  
Marline Hanny Owino ◽  
Bernard Mukiri Gichimu ◽  
Phyllis Wambui Muturi
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

Morphological characterization of genotypes is fundamental in providing information on their genetic status to guide on their conservation and improvement. The objective of this study was to determine agro-morphological diversity within horned melon in Kenya. The study was carried out in two seasons at the University of Embu in Kenya. The study characterized 19 horned melon accessions collected from different agro-ecological zones in Eastern, Central and Western regions in Kenya. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Morphological characterization of the accessions was based on melon descriptors from International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) with slight modifications. Significant differences were observed in all the quantitative traits except the number of branches and main vine length. However, qualitative variations were only observed in fruit shape, rind colour and seed shape. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) showed that fruit weight, main vine length and days to maturity had the highest contribution to the observed diversity. Cluster analysis separated the accessions into seven groups with between classes diversity of 79.20% and within classes diversity of 20.80%. The diversity observed can be exploited by plant breeders for genetic improvement of the crop.

scholarly journals Characterization of Pigeonpea Genotypes Based on DUS Traits

2021 ◽  
pp. 289-297
Author(s):  
M. S. Ranjani ◽  
P. Jayamani
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Genetic Purity ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
Group I ◽  
Average Similarity ◽  
Breeding Programmes

The research entails morphological characterization of pigeonpea genotypes based on qualitative traits which aids in varietal description and ensure genetic purity. The study was conducted at the Department of Pulses, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University during kharif, 2019 and rabi, 2019-2020. The experiment was conducted in Randomized complete block design with two replications. The 68-short duration pigeonpea genotypes were characterized and grouped based on 17 qualitative traits. The morphological characterization revealed that, more variation was identified for traits viz., pattern of streaks on standard petal, plant height, seed colour, seed shape and seed size. Sixty - eight genotypes were subjected to cluster analysis and were grouped into four major clusters with an average similarity of 80%. The similarity coefficient ranged from 0.65 to 1.00. The cluster I consisted of 60 genotypes. Two sub-groups were formed from Cluster I. The sub-group I had 59 genotypes at 84 per cent similarity, whereas the sub-group II consisted of the genotype ICPL19050. Cluster II was made up of six genotypes. The cluster II was divided into two sub-groups at 84 per cent similarity. Clusters III and IV were solitary clusters, each with a single genotype. The characterization of genotypes with specific traits could be used to identify the genotypes, maintenance of genetic purity and to utilize in future breeding programmes.

scholarly journals Genotypic Effects on Morphological Characterization of Fruit Traits in Mulberry

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Faruque Ahmed ◽  
Anwar Hossain ◽  
Nasir Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Md. Jahangir Alam ◽  
Md. Shoriful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

The research was conducted to evaluate the morphological variability in fruits traits among the mulberry genotypes grown in Mulberry Germplasm Bank of Bangladesh Sericulture Research and Training Institute (BSRTI), Rajshahi, during 2018–2020. The aim of the research was to find out the genotypes accessibility for varietal improvement. Total 50 mulberry genotypes were morphologically characterized on fruit traits through this research. The experimental design was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and the plantation system was high bush. Each plot consists of 20 plants and unit plot size was 4 m × 5 m. Fruit colour, fruit taste and seed colour was determined. Nine distinct fruit colours such as reddish-black (23.33%), black-berry (18.33%), cream (10%), black (8.33%), white-cream (6.67%), pink (6.67%), pinkish (3.33%), orange (3.33%) and radish (1.67%) were observed among several germplasms. Remarkable variation was found in fruit taste such as sour sweet (28.33%), sweet (21.67%), light sweet (5%), light-sour sweet (5%) and deep sweet (5%), respectively. Five colored of seed viz: light yellow, light brown, yellowish brown, dark brown and blackish brown were observed among the germplasm. Length of the fruit diverse from 0.73 (BSRM-8) to 5.58 (BSRM-56 and widthfrom 0.52 (BSRM-8) to1.9 (BSRM-56),single fruit weight varied from 0.07 (BSRM-8) to 4.11 (BSRM-56), fruit weight per plant varied from 101.47 (BSRM-11) to 2250.43 (BSRM-56), seed setting (%) varied from 8.13 (BSRM-29) to 94.24 (BSRM-16), sprouting (%) varied from 36.67 (BSRM-22) to 96.67 (BSRM-38), rooting (%) varied from 13.89 (BSRM-22) to 98.33 (BSRM-10),achene number/fruit varied from 12.53 (BSRM-10) to118.10 (BSRM-56), seed number/fruit varied from 2.99 (BSRM-8) to 47.86 (BSRM-56) and 100 seed weight varied from 0.019 (BSRM-35) to 0.166 (BSRM-56), respectively. Results showed that the black-berry, sweet tasted fruited mulberry (BSRM-56), cream colored, sweet tasted fruited mulberry (BSRM-1) and white cream, sweet tasted fruited mulberry (BSRM-34) was promising on the basis of greatest fruit production potential to be appears for further commercial utilization. Generally, a wide range of variation was exhibited among the sampled and characterized genotypes.

scholarly journals Collection and agro morphological characterization of Algerian accessions of lentil (Lens culinaris)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJOUHER GAAD ◽  
MERIEM LAOUAR ◽  
AISSA ABDELGUERFI ◽  
FATIMA GABOUN
Keyword(s):  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

Gaad D, Laouar M, Gaboun F, Abdelguerfi A. 2018. Collection and agro morphological characterization of Algerian accessions of lentil (Lens culinaris). Biodiversitas 19: 183-193. Lentil is one of the important pulse crops in Algeria. The narrow genetic base of local cultivars and the disappearance of many local accessions contribute to the loss of lentil biodiversity. Therefore, collection, characterization and preservation of existing local accessions of lentils are important. Lentil accessions were collected across different agro-ecological zones of Algeria. From 10 regions (Departments), 15 villages were surveyed and 30 accessions were collected. Eighteen local accessions and 26 references collection have been used for agro morphological evaluation. The assessment was performed in two locations, sub-humid and semi-arid conditions, based on 12 quantitative characters. The result of variance analysis shows a significant effect of the interaction genotype x location for six quantitative traits. Three macrosperma Algerian accessions characterized by a high number of pod/plant, number of seed/plant and seed yield/plant were positioned on PCA1. The remaining Algerian accessions were positioned on PCA2 and were characterized by later flowering and maturity with high plant stature and height of the lowest pods. Hierarchical cluster analysis grouped the accessions into five distinct clusters independently of the accessions origins and revealed the distribution of Algerian accessions in all of the groups. This study will help breeders to better select accessions to be used in lentil breeding program.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF BROWN SARSON (BRASSICA RAPA L. ) GENOTYPES FOR DUS TRAITS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahmeena Bano ◽  
Shahina A. Nagoo ◽  
M. Asif Iqbal Qureshi ◽  
M. Altaf Wani ◽  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Oilseed Breeding

Rapeseed and mustard , the two important oleriferous Brassicae grown in India play a magnanimous role in the national market of edible oils and meals. But the production of the crop is low due to a narrow genetic base. Much effort has been put to diversifying the oilseed breeding. The morphological characterization is the first step towards diversity analysis and conservation of plant genetic resources. A major challenge facing those involved in the testing of new plant varieties for Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) is the need to compare them against all those of ‘common knowledge. Protection of Plant varieties and Farmer’s Right Act insists on Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) characterization of new varieties and recommends the registration of varieties for any one specific novel character. On this backdrop, the present experiment was carried out to evaluate 54 Brassica rapa L. genotypes for DUS characterization under randomized complete block design ( RCBD) with three replication at the experimental farm of GPB, FoA SKUAST-K, Wadura during rabi 2019-2020. The results of the study revealed wide variation in various traits among different Brassica rapa genotypes L. The assessment of 54 genotypes for 09 traits revealed that all the traits were informative with respect to trait expression cum characterization. The different characters studied were having great impact for selection of superior genotypes for further breeding programmes. Hence, the diversity observed among the genotypes could be utilized for cultivar improvement and germplasm conservation programs aimed at improving productivity in Brassica rapaL

scholarly journals Agro-Morphological Characterization of Sicilian Chili Pepper Accessions for Ornamental Purposes

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1400
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Virga ◽  
Mario Licata ◽  
Beppe Benedetto Consentino ◽  
Teresa Tuttolomondo ◽  
Leo Sabatino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Heat Map ◽  
Plant Growth Habit ◽  
Genus Capsicum

The species belonging to the genus Capsicum have been widely used as decorative vegetables, however only a few genotypes are available for this purpose. The goal of the present work was the agro-morphological characterization of several chili pepper accessions cultivated into different pot sizes (10, 14, 18 or 20 cm diameters). The agro-morphological characterization of 19 accessions was performed following IPGR (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute) descriptors: plant height (PH), plant canopy width (PCW), PH/PCW ratio, plant growth habit, plant visual quality, first flower emission, fruiting start, end of harvest, fruit number, fruit length, fruit width, fruit color at mature stage and fruit shape. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for all observed traits showed statistical significant differences among the genotypes tested. Results of the heat map complementarily secured the frequency of multiplicity highlighted from the ANOVA analysis. Furthermore, the present study pointed out that A33, A27, G1 and A1 chili pepper accessions achieved optimal performances in terms of plant visual quality, which is a crucial trait for ornamental purposes.

scholarly journals Agro-morphological characterization of Bambara nut accessions [Vigna subterranea (L) Verdcourt] from Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 15727-15744
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Total Variability

Objectives: The agro morphological diversity of Bambara nut remains poorly understood. In this study 90 Bambara nut accessions were assessed for phenotypic variability of agronomic and morphological traits. Methodology and results: A trial was conducted at Rollo (Bam province) on 90 accessions of Bambara nut of 3 agro ecological zones in Burkina Faso. Accessions were evaluated on 27 morphological characters. Result of qualitative traits analysis showed dominance of cream-coloured seeds, butterfly-grey eyes, and smooth yellowish-brown pods. The majority of quantitative traits were discriminant at 1%. The completed PCA indicates that the first two axes expressed 55.60% of the total variability. The dendogram highlighted four groups of diversity. Conclusion and application of results: The agro morphological characterization showed great variability within the accessions studied. The different associations between yield components and the clustering into classes could be exploited in breeding programs for improvement of Bambara nut productivity. RESUME Objectifs: La diversité agro morphologique du pois bambara reste mal connue. Dans cette étude, la variabilité phénotypique des caractères agronomiques et morphologiques de 90 accessions de pois bambara a été évaluées. Méthodologie et résultats: Un essai a été conduit à Rollo (Province de Bam) sur 90 accessions de pois bambara issues de quatre zones agro-écologiques du Burkina Faso. Les accessions ont été évaluées sur 27 caractères morphologiques. Les résultats de l’analyse des caractères qualitatifs ont montré la dominance des graines de couleur crème, des yeux gris papillon et des gousses lisses brun jaunâtre. La majorité des Caractères quantitatifs étaient discriminants à 1%. L'ACP indique que les deux premiers axes ont exprimé 55, 60% de la variabilité totale. Le dendrogramme a mis en évidence quatre groupes de diversité. Kambou et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 Agro-morphological characterization of Bambara nut accessions [Vigna subterranea (L) Verdcourt] from Burkina Faso 15728 Conclusion et application des résultats: La caractérisation agro morphologique a montré une grande variabilité au sein des accessions étudiées. Les différentes associations entre les composantes du rendement et la subdivision en classes pourraient être exploités dans les programmes de sélection pour l'amélioration de la productivité du pois bambara. Mots clés: Pois bambara, caractères morphologiques, variabilité

scholarly journals Characterization of Selected Jackfruit Germplasm Accessions for Fruit Shape Through Morphological and Marker Based Assay

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayatri . ◽  
K. Kavya ◽  
S. Shyamalamma
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tree Fruit ◽  
Commercial Purpose ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

The study involved characterization of Jackfruit accessions with obloid (round) versus ellipsoid fruit shape. The morphological characterization was based on tree, fruit and seed descriptors. The Jackfruit accessions exhibited wide range of differences. The dominant tree growth habit was erect type, with medium to low branching density and branching pattern was irregular in most of the trees. With respect to fruit rind weight, it was more than fifty to sixty per cent in accessions with obloid fruit, than ellipsoid fruits. The rind weight ranged from thirty to forty per cent of the total fruit weight. Based on fruit and flake quality characters, the accessions such as Allilugatta 5, Kumaraswamy, Manipur Parmesh and Swarna in obloid fruits and Ashoka Red, Ashoka Yellow, Byrachandra, Janagere and NSP in ellipsoid fruits have been identified for commercial purpose. Among ten RAPD primers screened, two primers showed higher PIC value (0.24) viz., OPA 4 and OPAH 4. Similarly among ten ISSR markers screened, ISSR - 868 (0.31) showed higher PIC value. These can be used effectively to probe the genetic variations among the Jackfruit accessions.

scholarly journals Diversity of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] Landraces in Mozambique: New Opportunities for Crop Improvement and Future Breeding Programs

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 991
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Figueira Gomes ◽  
David Draper ◽  
Nascimento Nhantumbo ◽  
Rafael Massinga ◽  
José C. Ramalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
High Level ◽  
Nutrition Sensitive

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is a neglected crop native to Africa, with an outstanding potential to contribute to the major challenges in food and nutrition security, as well as in agricultural sustainability. Two major issues regarding cowpea research have been highlighted in recent years—the establishment of core collections and the characterization of landraces—as crucial to the implementation of environmentally resilient and nutrition-sensitive production systems. In this work, we have collected, mapped, and characterized the morphological attributes of 61 cowpea genotypes, from 10 landraces spanning across six agro-ecological zones and three provinces in Mozambique. Our results reveal that local landraces retain a high level of morphological diversity without a specific geographical pattern, suggesting the existence of gene flow. Nevertheless, accessions from one landrace, i.e., Maringué, seem to be the most promising in terms of yield and nutrition-related parameters, and could therefore be integrated into the ongoing conservation and breeding efforts in the region towards the production of elite varieties of cowpea.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of the red dragon fruit - Selenicereus undatus (Haw.) D.R. Hunt – under growing conditions in the municipality of San Jerónimo (Antioquia, Colombia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 9019-9027
Author(s):  
Jorge Andres Betancur G. ◽  
Sandra Bibiana Muriel R. ◽  
Elena Paola Gonzalez J.
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Valle Del Cauca ◽  
Growing Conditions

The red dragon fruit Selenicereus undatus is a native fruit from the Americas. Its growing appeal in the international market as an exotic fruit highlights the relevance of the crop for the local economies. In Colombia, the high diversity within the genus and species makes it difficult to have reliable materials for propagation as cultivars. This agronomic challenge requires more studies of the distribution and real diversity within the genus Selenicereus sp. Due to the information aforementioned, the fruit is harvested in small localities as an extraction production system. This project aimed to morphologically characterize the working collection of red dragon fruit under growing conditions in the Municipality of San Jerónimo. It contained 30 accessions from the departments of Antioquia, Córdoba, and Valle del Cauca. Twenty-one characters of cladode, flower, and fruit were quantified to assess the diversity, and a restricted cluster analysis was performed to understand the morphological richness of the materials. As a result, it was observed differences in terms of stems, such as distance between areolas and width of cladode. This was also observed in flowers, in which their total length, the width of petals, the presence of trichomes, the color of calyx and petals, and the color of the stigma were different. Also, differences were recorded in the fruit. Characteristics such as weight and color of its skin were assessed, resulting in fruit size medium to small. Regarding other properties, total soluble solids varied between 11.2 to 15.6 °Brix. 55% of the fruits have measurements that fit market requirements. Finally, three accessions match the requirements of weight and °Brix, to be used as possible genotypes by commercial growers; however, studies about agronomic management strategies that favor an increase in fruit weight must be done.

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