scholarly journals Agro-morphological characterization of Bambara nut accessions [Vigna subterranea (L) Verdcourt] from Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 15727-15744
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Total Variability

Objectives: The agro morphological diversity of Bambara nut remains poorly understood. In this study 90 Bambara nut accessions were assessed for phenotypic variability of agronomic and morphological traits. Methodology and results: A trial was conducted at Rollo (Bam province) on 90 accessions of Bambara nut of 3 agro ecological zones in Burkina Faso. Accessions were evaluated on 27 morphological characters. Result of qualitative traits analysis showed dominance of cream-coloured seeds, butterfly-grey eyes, and smooth yellowish-brown pods. The majority of quantitative traits were discriminant at 1%. The completed PCA indicates that the first two axes expressed 55.60% of the total variability. The dendogram highlighted four groups of diversity. Conclusion and application of results: The agro morphological characterization showed great variability within the accessions studied. The different associations between yield components and the clustering into classes could be exploited in breeding programs for improvement of Bambara nut productivity. RESUME Objectifs: La diversité agro morphologique du pois bambara reste mal connue. Dans cette étude, la variabilité phénotypique des caractères agronomiques et morphologiques de 90 accessions de pois bambara a été évaluées. Méthodologie et résultats: Un essai a été conduit à Rollo (Province de Bam) sur 90 accessions de pois bambara issues de quatre zones agro-écologiques du Burkina Faso. Les accessions ont été évaluées sur 27 caractères morphologiques. Les résultats de l’analyse des caractères qualitatifs ont montré la dominance des graines de couleur crème, des yeux gris papillon et des gousses lisses brun jaunâtre. La majorité des Caractères quantitatifs étaient discriminants à 1%. L'ACP indique que les deux premiers axes ont exprimé 55, 60% de la variabilité totale. Le dendrogramme a mis en évidence quatre groupes de diversité. Kambou et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 Agro-morphological characterization of Bambara nut accessions [Vigna subterranea (L) Verdcourt] from Burkina Faso 15728 Conclusion et application des résultats: La caractérisation agro morphologique a montré une grande variabilité au sein des accessions étudiées. Les différentes associations entre les composantes du rendement et la subdivision en classes pourraient être exploités dans les programmes de sélection pour l'amélioration de la productivité du pois bambara. Mots clés: Pois bambara, caractères morphologiques, variabilité

scholarly journals Keragaman Fenotipik dan Kekerabatan Plasma Nutfah Talas (Colocasia esculenta) Pulau Bangka berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-274
Author(s):  
Yani Kusumawati ◽  
Eries Dyah Mustikarini ◽  
Dan Gigih Ibnu Prayoga Prayoga
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Germplasm Diversity ◽  
Parameters Analysis ◽  
Morphological Relationship

Germplasm diversity of local taro in Bangka as genetic resources for plant breeding purposes is still unknown. This research aimed to provide information on Bangka Taro’s variability and relationship for plant breeding programs. This research was conducted in December 2017 until February 2018. Characterization of the germplasm was performed on qualitative and quantitative parameters. Analysis of morphological relationships used the UPGMA method. Exploration obtained 27 germplasm of Bangka local taro. The results of the morphological relationship analysis showed nine clusters at a 0.57 coefficient (57%). Cluster one consisted of Tungkuk, Sayur, Hitam/Nyatoh, Rakit Hijau, Lilin, and Cantik Manis accessions. Cluster two consisted of Rakit Hitam accession. Cluster three consisted of Ganjung, Trans 2, Sungai Tebuk and Trans 1 accessions. Cluster four consisted of Sayang Anak, Pak Ugo and Trans 3 accessions. Cluster five consisted of Angit and Kelat Mentak Kelapa accessions. Cluster six consisted of Pelawan Toboali, Wangi/Colet and Simbang accessions. Cluster seven consisted of Alar accession. Cluster eight consisted of Pelawan Rukem, Kelat Mentak Rukem, Selaseh, Pinangbo and Telok Simbang accessions.Cluster nine consisted of Butir/Pikul and Butir Mentaram accessions. Bangka local taro had wide phenotypic variability in the observed morphological characters. Keywords: accesion, fenotipic, cluster, relationship, variability

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of six Lombok upland rice cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Baiq Sri Hartina ◽  
Rani Agustina Wulandari ◽  
Panjisakti Basunanda
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Genetic Source ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Lombok upland rice is one of the cultivars that have the potential as a genetic source. However, Lombok upland rice is almost rarely found. Therefore, conservation was carried out through morphological characterization to provide genetic information. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of six Lombok upland rice cultivars, namely, Reket Putek Bulu, Reket Putek Buntung, Reket Bireng Bulu, Reket Bireng Buntung, Pare Beaq Sapit, and Beaq Ganggas. A completely randomized design was used, consisting of these six Lombok upland rice cultivars as treatments. Two superior cultivars were also used for comparison. The study revealed sufficient divergence for various qualitative and quantitative traits. Pare Beaq Sapit and Beaq Ganggas shared common morphological characters, and both were tall plants. The auricle and ligule colors of Reket Bireng Bulu were different from those of the other cultivars. Reket Putek Buntung had the latest flowering and harvesting age. Reket Putek Bulu and Reket Bireng Buntung had a high number of productive tillers. Six cultivars of Lombok upland rice were characterized to have morphological diversity, so that they are expected to be used as genetic material in rice plant breeding, thereby developed to avoid extinction.

scholarly journals IN-SITU MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CASSAVA LANDRACES (MANIHOTESCULENTACRANTZ) FROM COTE DIVOIRE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 01-13
Author(s):  
Doubi Bi Tra Serges ◽  
◽  
Djaha Konan Engueran ◽  
Angui Chia Michele Valerie ◽  
Fouha Bi Nady Delphin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Hierarchical Ascending Classification ◽  
Landrace Accessions

Cassava provides food security for millions of people worldwide. In Cote dIvoire, it is the second most important food crop. The objective of this study is to evaluate the structure and genetic variability of certain qualitative traits in targeted cassava landracesin order to identify the most widespread cassava landraces. Thus, prospecting missions were carried out in different regions of Cote dIvoire to characterize cassavalandraces, from which 180 cassava landrace accessions were characterized using14 morphological markers. Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) showed that among the 14 markers, 10 were relevant fordescribing the total variability within accessions. In addition, the Hierarchical Ascending Classification (HAC) grouped the Ivorianlandraces into five homogeneous groups and also revealed that this morphological diversity is not structured according to the landracesgeographical origin. The study highlighted 131 distinct cultivars among the 180 accessions characterized. Moreover, of the 131 distinct cultivars, four were the most widespread. These are the local cultivars: Yace, Six mois, Blêbou and Trogla. Thus, the study has definitively shown that breeders have a wide choice of parents for developing improved cassava cultivars adapted fromthe populations found in Cote dIvoire.

scholarly journals Agro-morphological characterization of horned melon (Cucumis metuliferus) accessions from selected agro-ecological zones in Kenya

2020 ◽  
pp. 1487-1496
Author(s):  
Marline Hanny Owino ◽  
Bernard Mukiri Gichimu ◽  
Phyllis Wambui Muturi
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

Morphological characterization of genotypes is fundamental in providing information on their genetic status to guide on their conservation and improvement. The objective of this study was to determine agro-morphological diversity within horned melon in Kenya. The study was carried out in two seasons at the University of Embu in Kenya. The study characterized 19 horned melon accessions collected from different agro-ecological zones in Eastern, Central and Western regions in Kenya. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Morphological characterization of the accessions was based on melon descriptors from International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) with slight modifications. Significant differences were observed in all the quantitative traits except the number of branches and main vine length. However, qualitative variations were only observed in fruit shape, rind colour and seed shape. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) showed that fruit weight, main vine length and days to maturity had the highest contribution to the observed diversity. Cluster analysis separated the accessions into seven groups with between classes diversity of 79.20% and within classes diversity of 20.80%. The diversity observed can be exploited by plant breeders for genetic improvement of the crop.

scholarly journals Exploration and identification of Anredera cordifolia morphological characters in the highlands and lowlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaya Hasanah ◽  
Lisa Mawarni
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Leaf Color ◽  
Plant Selection ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Descriptive Method

Abstract. Hasanah Y, Mawarni L. 2020. Exploration and identification of Anredera cordifolia morphological characters in the highlands and lowlands. Biodiversitas 21: 2759-2766. Information about genetic diversity and relationships between accessions is very important in plant breeding programs, because with the availability of this information, it is easier to determine relationship between accessions that can be used as a basis for plant selection. The objective of the research was to evaluate the morphological characteristics and relationship of binahong or Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) accessions in the lowlands and highlands. The study was conducted in Karo (highlands) and Medan (lowlands), North Sumatra, Indonesia, from May to August 2019. This research used a descriptive method. Before the survey and exploration are conducted, first a pre-survey was conducted by gathering information from key informants and other informants. The characteristic of morphological diversity A. cordifolia can be distinguished based on leaf color, stem shape, axillary tuber, rhizome, and the presence of flowers. The dendrogram relationship between accessions is based on a genetic similarity matrix using cluster analysis. Analysis of qualitative morphological characters revealed the existence of variability among A. cordifolia accessions. There is a far relationship relation between A. cordifolia plants in Karo and Medan with Eucludian range of 0.446 to 57.725, hence resulting in two clusters that show differences in the variation of A. cordifolia plants. There is a distant relationship relation with M4 and M7 accessions with a dissimilar distance of 57,725 and the closest relationship with accession K1 and K2 with a dissimilar distance of 0.446. Therefore, morphological characterization in the research is valuable to understand the variability of genetic of A. cordifolia accessions in the lowland and highland in North Sumatra.

scholarly journals Diversity of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] Landraces in Mozambique: New Opportunities for Crop Improvement and Future Breeding Programs

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 991
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Figueira Gomes ◽  
David Draper ◽  
Nascimento Nhantumbo ◽  
Rafael Massinga ◽  
José C. Ramalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
High Level ◽  
Nutrition Sensitive

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is a neglected crop native to Africa, with an outstanding potential to contribute to the major challenges in food and nutrition security, as well as in agricultural sustainability. Two major issues regarding cowpea research have been highlighted in recent years—the establishment of core collections and the characterization of landraces—as crucial to the implementation of environmentally resilient and nutrition-sensitive production systems. In this work, we have collected, mapped, and characterized the morphological attributes of 61 cowpea genotypes, from 10 landraces spanning across six agro-ecological zones and three provinces in Mozambique. Our results reveal that local landraces retain a high level of morphological diversity without a specific geographical pattern, suggesting the existence of gene flow. Nevertheless, accessions from one landrace, i.e., Maringué, seem to be the most promising in terms of yield and nutrition-related parameters, and could therefore be integrated into the ongoing conservation and breeding efforts in the region towards the production of elite varieties of cowpea.

scholarly journals Agro morphological characterization of cashew trees (Anacardium occidental L.), in improvement for the high yield and high quality of raw nuts in Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 3188-3199
Author(s):  
Windpouiré Vianney Tarpaga ◽  
Larbouga Bourgou ◽  
Moussa Guira ◽  
Albert Rouamba
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
In Situ Collection

The cashew sector has taken a great economic interest, due to the strong global demand for raw nuts. However, in Burkina Faso, the productivity of orchards still remains low, a consequence of a lack of breeding program on the species. In order to increase yields and improve the quality of the raw nut, efficient clones must be developed. Surveys were carried out and a primary in situ collection was made from which a core collection of 15 trees was extracted. An agro-morphological description of the selected trees and an analysis of the structuration of the variability within them were carried out. The study revealed appreciable agro-morphological diversity through shape, size and color of apple, type of inflorescence, fruiting period and the health of trees. A structure of diversity based on agronomic criteria led to identify 5 groups of trees, characterized by an average weight of the nut between 6.64 and 8.32 g, a kernel rate between 28.10 and 31.26% and a yield per tree between 34.27 and 104.42 kg. Performing trees will be erected as heads of clones for the production of grafted plants. La filière anacarde a pris un grand intérêt économique, suite à la forte demande mondiale en noix brutes. Cependant, au Burkina Faso, la productivité des vergers demeure encore faible, conséquence d’une absence de sélection variétale du matériel végétal. En vue d’accroître les rendements et d’améliorer la qualité de la noix brute, une recherche de clones performants était indispensable. Des prospections ont été conduites et une collection primaire in situ a été constituée dont une core collection de 15 arbres a été extraite. Une description agro-morphologique des arbres sélectionnés et une analyse de la structuration de la variabilité en son sein ont été conduites. L’étude a révélé une diversité agro morphologique appréciable à travers la forme, le calibre et la couleur de la pomme, le type d’inflorescence, la période de fructification et l’état sanitaire des arbres. Une structuration de la diversité basée sur les critères agronomiques a permis d’identifier 5 groupes d’arbres, caractérisés par un poids moyen de la noix compris entre 6,64 et 8,32 g, un taux d’amande compris entre 28,10 et 31,26% et un rendement par arbre compris entre 34,27 et 104,42 kg. Les arbres les plus performants constitueront des têtes de clones pour la production de plants par greffage.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL AND CHROMOSOMAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ORCHID Peristylus goodyeroides Lindl. FROM CURUG SETAWING, KULONPROGO

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Febri Yuda Kurniawan ◽  
Anindita Della Rosa Riyadi
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Chromosome Configuration ◽  
Telocentric Chromosomes ◽  
Leaf Arrangement ◽  
Karyotype Formula

Peristylus goodyeroides is a terestrial orchid that scattered around Southeast Asia. Morphological characters of P. goodyeroides can vary, depending on the ecological factors and habitat. Cytological characters in the form of chromosome configurations can be used as a taxonomic tool for the process of identifying and understanding variations in taxa. The purpose of this study was to determine the morphological characters and chromosome configuration of the P. goodyeroides from Curug Setawing, Kulonprogo. The method used was morphological characterization and plant chromosome preparation by squash method with the main steps of fixation, maceration, staining and observation. Data were analyzed with the help of Image raster 3, Corel Draw X7, and Microsoft Excel 2013. P. goodyeroides from Curug Setawing has the morphological characters of root tubers, cylindrical stems, ovate leaf shape, convolutive leaf arrangement and creamy white flowers. The orchid has a number of chromosomes 2n = 10 with a karyotype formula of 2n = 2x = 8m + 2t. Metacentric chromosomes are found on chromosomes 1-8 and telocentric chromosomes 9-10. The absolute arm length of the chromosomes has a range of 2.03-3.44 μm, the relative arm length of the chromosomes is 2.21-3.32 μm, the length of the p arm is 1.13-1.58 μm and the q arm is 1.23-2.12 μm.

scholarly journals Profils morpho-biometriques de la poule locale du Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 2240-2256
Author(s):  
S. Pinde ◽  
A.S.R. Tapsoba ◽  
M. Sanou ◽  
F.G. Traore ◽  
R.W. Ouedraogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Dimorphisme Sexuel ◽  
Rational Management ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

Au Burkina Faso les informations sur la poule locale sont rares entrainant des difficultés objectives de son exploitation rationnelle. Un total de 948 individus (692 femelles et 256 mâles) provenant de 251 élevages reparties dans les 3 zones agro-écologiques du Burkina Faso a été évalué pour 13 traits corporels quantitatifs et 09 qualitatifs dans le but de caractériser la variabilité phénotypique de la poule locale. Il ressort 13 coloris de plumage avec le blanc (19,16%) et l’herminé (16,75%) comme couleurs dominantes. Le site et le sexe ont eu une influence (p<0,05) sur les traits corporels analysés. L’Analyse en Composante Principale révèle l’existence de 2 sous-populations: une souche légère de petit gabarit (0,91 kg) dans les trois zones agro-écologiques et une souche lourde de grand gabarit (1,37 kg) dans les zones soudano-sahélienne et soudanienne, laissant présager des différences d’adaptation liées aux facteurs environnementaux. Un dimorphisme sexuel en faveur des mâles a été observé au niveau du poids vif moyen (1,64 kg vs 1,14 kg), de la longueur du corps (42,16 cm vs 37,30 cm) et du périmètre thoracique (29,01 cm vs 25,96 cm). Les résultats rapportés dans cette étude serviront de base pour l’élaboration de programmes de développement basés sur une exploitation rationnelle de la poule locale.Mots clés : Caractérisation phénotypique, poules locales, zones agro-écologiques, Burkina Faso.   In Burkina Faso, information on poultry genetic resources is scarce and this scenario does not allow an accurate identification and management strategy for this species. A total of 948 individuals (692 females and 256 males) belonging to 251 different household, accros the 3 agro-ecological zones of Burkina Faso have been assessed for 13 quantitative traits and 9 qualitative traits in order to characterize phenotypic variability of local poultry. The most frequent plumage colors are white (19.16%) and hermine (16.75%) out of 13 different coulors identified. The site and the sex of the individuals had a statistically significant influence (P <0.05) on the 13 body measurements analyzed. Principal Component Analysis reveals the existence of 2 subpopulations in the 3 agro-ecological zones, a light hen with small size (0.91 kg) and a heavy and large size hen (1.37 kg), almost encountered in Sudan-Sahel and Sudan areas, suggesting differences in adaptation due to environmental factors. A sexual dimorphism was observed in favor of the males considering bodyweight (1,64 kg vs 1,14 kg), body length (42.16 cm vs 37.30 cm) and the Heart girth (29.01 cm vs 25.96 cm for females). The results reported in the current study will be useful for the establishment of breeding programme based on rational management of local poultry in Burkina Faso.Keywords : Phenotypic characterization, local hens, agro-ecological zones, Burkina Faso.  

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