scholarly journals Growth and production of conilon coffee under fertilization of nitrogen and molybdenum (Mo)

2021 ◽  
pp. 455-463
Author(s):  
Thiago Lopes Rosado ◽  
Marta Simone Mendonça Freitas ◽  
Almy Junior Cordeiro de Carvalho ◽  
Henrique Duarte Vieira ◽  
Gustavo Haddad Souza Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Side Branch ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Coffee Yield ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
Micronutrient Availability ◽  
Plagiotropic Branches

Nitrogen is the most applied nutrient in Coffea canephora crops, due to the high requirement of the crop and low availability in most soils. The efficiency of nitrogen fertilization can be maximized by applying molybdenum, due to the role of molybdenum in the nitrate’s metabolism. This study was conducted during two coffee production cycles under field conditions. It aimed to evaluate the effects of applying molybdenum on the growth and production of conilon coffee, subjected to different amounts of nitrogen. The experiment was conducted from June 2018 to May 2020. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks, in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, the first factor being the absence and presence of molybdenum fertilization (4 kg ha-1 year-1) and the second factor, nitrogen doses (300, 500, 700, 900 and 1,100 kg ha-1 year-1) applied in five plots, during fruit development. We evaluated the conilon growth variables in each agricultural year, in addition to the yield of processed coffee and grain yield. The length of plagiotropic branches, number of nodes per side branch, number of rosettes and fruits per productive branch were closely related to the coffee yield and were influenced by the nitrogen fertilization. Increasing doses of nitrogen promoted quadratic increases in coffee yield, with addition of 35.3% and 88.9% for the 2019 and 2020 harvests, respectively, indicating that maximum coffee productivity is genetically defined and affected by environment conditions and management. For the harvest 2020, the application of molybdenum resulted in an increase in the length of the orthotropic stem and plagiotropic branches, in addition to providing increase of 3.7% in the yield of C. canephora. This suggested that there was a reduction in micronutrient availability in the soil, throughout the experimental period, limiting the growth and production of coffee in the second year

scholarly journals CONTRIBUTION OFAGRONOMIC TRAITS TO THE YIELD OF Coffea canephora PIERRE EX A. FROEHNER HULLED COFFEE

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Victor Mouzinho Spinelli ◽  
Marcos Santana Moraes ◽  
Darlan Sanches Barbosa Alves ◽  
Rodrigo Barros Rocha ◽  
André Rostand Ramalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Morphological Descriptors ◽  
Plant Selection ◽  
Coffee Yield ◽  
Plagiotropic Branches ◽  
Selection Of

The evaluation of morphological characters related to the hulled coffee yield subsidizes the selection of <em>Coffea canephora</em> plants that combine a set of favorable traits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of agronomic traits on the production of hulled coffee to subside the plant selection. To this, nine morphological descriptors were evaluated of 130 clones of the botanical varieties Conilon and Robusta over two crop years in the experimental field of Embrapa, in the municipality of Ouro Preto do Oeste, state of Rondônia (RO). To quantify the genetic variability the path analysis and the Scott Knott cluster test were used. The effect of genotype x year interaction was significant for eight of the nine characteristics analyzed. The genotypes were clustered in three to five classes, subsidizing the establishment of a scale to evaluate the variability of this genetic resource. Pathway analysis indicated that the number of plagiotropic branches and the number of rosettes per productive branch were the traits that exhibited the greatest direct effect on hulled coffee yield. These results show that it is possible to select plants with complementarity traits which favor a higher production of hulled coffee.

scholarly journals Vegetative growth of 28 genotypes of Coffea canephora at 850 meters of altitude

2020 ◽  
pp. 1616-1622
Author(s):  
Madlles Queiroz Martins ◽  
Fábio Luiz Partelli ◽  
Adelmo Golynski ◽  
Adésio Ferreira ◽  
Weverton Pereira Rorigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Plagiotropic Branches

Coffea canephora plants grown at low or elevated temperatures undergo changes in photosynthetic processes, which have a direct impact on vegetative growth. This species shows plants with distinct stress tolerance mechanisms and a great genetic diversity; however, there are no studies concerning the study of altitude on plant growth for these genotypes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth rates of orthotropic and plagiotropic branches from 28 Coffea canephora genotypes, ca. 3 years of age, cultivated at 850 m of altitude. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four repetitions. Each repetition was compounded by five plants. The period of the experimental evaluation was from 01/23/2013 to 07/07/2013. We selected and identified the orthotropic and plagiotropic branches, which were evaluated bimonthly according to their length (mm), assessing the growth rates. The results were associated with climatic factors that occurred during the experimental period. The genetic material of Coffea canephora evaluated in the study shows genetic diversity to the characteristics growth rate of orthotropic and plagiotropic branches, thus, it is possible to select genotypes with potential for cultivation at 850 m of altitude. In general, genotypes of Coffea canephora exhibited variations in growth rates, mainly in response to changes in temperature, with a sharp and constant drop in growth rates between the period from 05/05/2013 to 05/ 23/2013, when the recorded temperatures were always below 13 °C. Genotypes A1, NV2 and NV1 can be pointed as the ones which showed the best vegetative growth results at 850 meters of altitude.

scholarly journals TCTAP C-033 Rescuing Occluded Side Branch During CTO PCI: The Role of Jailed Balloon Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (14) ◽  
pp. S99-S101
Author(s):  
Nanda Iryuza ◽  
Doni Firman ◽  
Amir Aziz Alkatiri
Keyword(s):  
Side Branch ◽  
Balloon Technique

scholarly journals The role of pH on the survival of rumen protozoa in steers

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 2262-2267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Franzolin ◽  
Burk A. Dehority
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Period ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Individual Animal ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Rumen Protozoa ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Sampling Times ◽  
Ciliate Protozoa

In order to study the effect of pH on defaunation in the rumen, four rumen fistulated steers were fed a basal roughage diet for a 4-week adaptation period followed by 17 weeks of feeding with three diets and two feeding levels of high concentrate diet. Rumen outflow fluid rate was evaluated in both ration levels. Rumen protozoa population was monitored weekly and when animals became defaunated, protozoa were reinoculated with rumen contents from one of the faunated steers. At every two weeks, during all the experimental period, rumen pH was measured in all animals at 0, 4, 8 and 12 h after feeding. It was observed an individual animal influence on the establishment and maintenance of the rumen ciliate protozoa population. In all sampling times, mean rumen pH values were higher in faunated steers than in the defaunated ones. No differences were observed in rumen outflow fluid rates between the two ration levels. Extended periods of low rumen pH are probably more detrimental to the survival of ciliate protozoa in the rumen than other factors.

scholarly journals Potencial de Formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) como Agentes Anti-herbívoros em Cultivo de Café (Coffea canephora Pierre) e Feijão Guandu [Cajanus cajans (L.) Millsp]

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Xavier Teixeira Chevalier ◽  
Diego Silva Gomes ◽  
Antonio José Mayhé-Nunes ◽  
Jarbas Marçal Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Organic Management ◽  
Coffee Plants

Este trabalho analisou a variação no potencial das formigas como agentes anti-herbívoros em plantas de café (Coffea canephora Pierre) e guandu [Cajanus cajans (L.) Millsp]. Foram usados ovos artificiais, simulando a presença de insetos herbívoros, e solução de açúcar, para aumentar a atividade de formigas, em experimentos de campo. As plantas de café e de guandu possuíam diferentes níveis de atividade de formigas, pois as últimas eram atacadas por membracídeos que atraíam mais formigas. A atividade das formigas foi monitorada após aplicação de solução de açúcar e a remoção de ovos artificiais foi medida após 24 e 48 horas. A solução de açúcar aumentou significativamente a atividade de formigas em plantas de café e de guandu. A remoção dos ovos artificiais foi significativamente maior em ramos com formigas do que sem formigas para as plantas de guandu. A adição de solução de açúcar aumentou a remoção de ovos artificiais em plantas de guandu, mas não em plantas de café. O tratamento com solução de açúcar e a presença de membracídeos em guandu tiveram efeitos similares sobre a atividade de formigas. Este estudo mostrou que a aplicação de solução de açúcar pode ser utilizada para simular a presença de membracídeos sobre as plantas, aumentando a atividade de formigas. Isso permitiu a avaliação de seu potencial como agentes anti-herbívoros, através de experimentos que simulam a presença de insetos sobre as plantas. Potential of Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) as Anti-herbivore Agents in Cultivation of the Coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre) and Pigeon Pea [Cajanus cajans (L.) Millsp] Abstract. This study analyzed the role of ants as anti-herbivore agents in Coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre) and Pigeon Pea [Cajanus cajans (L.) Millsp] plants in agroecosystem under organic management. In these plants we used artificial eggs and sugar solution in experiments that simulated the presence of herbivore insects. Coffee plants did not possess any natural attractive that could intensify foraging activity of ants, but pigeon pea plants were infested by treehoppers which attracted ants. Activity of ants was surveyed after sugar solution application and artificial eggs removal was measured 24 and 48 h after start of the experiments. Sugar solution sprinkled on plants foliage increased significantly the activity of ants on coffee and pigeon pea plants. The removal of artificial eggs was significantly greater in branch with ants than without ants for pigeon pea plants. The sugar solution addiction resulted in greater artificial eggs removal in pigeon pea plants, but not in coffee plants. The treatment with sugar solution and presence of treehoppers had similar effects on the activity of ants on the plants. This study showed that the application of sugar solution can be used to increase activity of ants on plants as well as the potential of ants as anti-herbivore agents can be evaluated in experiments that simulate the presence of insects on the plants.

scholarly journals Dynamic versus Concurrent Lighting with Red and Blue Light-emitting Diodes as the Sole Light Source Can Potentially Improve Campanula Stock Plant Morphology for Cutting Production

HortScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Devdutt Kamath ◽  
Yun Kong ◽  
Chevonne Dayboll ◽  
Youbin Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Side Branch ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Final Harvest

Short campanula (Campanula portenschlagiana ‘PGM Get MEE’®) stock plants present a difficulty in machine-harvesting of cuttings. Light adjustment may be an effective approach to mediate plant elongation. Two experiments were performed to 1) investigate whether short-term (five weeks) daily 24-h dynamic lighting (DL) with red and blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can promote elongation without inducing flowering, and 2) explore whether DL can be used to modify stock plant morphology to improve the cutting quality and rooting success in a controlled environment. Two lighting treatments were used: concurrent lighting (CL) with red (85%) and blue (15%) LEDs (RB) at 100 µmol·m−2·s−1 and DL with red (170 µmol·m−2·s−1), blue (30 µmol·m−2·s−1), and RB (100 µmol·m−2·s−1) LEDs sequentially at three different lighting stages, respectively, in both experiments. In Expt. 1, at final harvest of stock plants, the side branches were longer under DL compared with CL, but the five (= 2 + 2 + 1) weeks of 24-h daily lighting resulted in visible flower buds under both treatments. Based on the results of Expt. 1, a second experiment (Expt. 2) was conducted with the same cultivar and experimental conditions, but with a shorter photoperiod (10 h·d−1) for 11 (= 8 + 2 + 1) weeks. In Expt. 2, at final harvest, DL compared with CL caused more upright side branches, and reduced the dry biomass of side branches with one branching order and leaf chlorophyll content. However, the harvested cutting quality and rooting success were similar between both treatments. In both experiments, side branch number under DL was greater compared with CL at the end of the first lighting stage. Stock plants under DL were taller from the second lighting stage on to final harvest compared with CL, and the final heights of stock plants under DL met the target for machine-harvest in both experiments. Therefore, if the lighting strategy is further optimized, DL can potentially benefit controlled-environment production of campanula cuttings.

scholarly journals The Role of Self-expanding Stents in Patients with Atypical Coronary Anatomy

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert-Jan van Geuns ◽  
Katherin Awad ◽  
Alexander IJsselmuiden ◽  
Karel Koch ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Side Branch ◽  
Coronary Anatomy ◽  
Chronic Total Occlusions ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Bifurcation Lesions ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Distal Embolisation

Despite advances with new generation stents, there remains some atypical coronary anatomy where optimal stenting continues to be a challenge; such as stent sizing in large, ectatic or aneurysmal vessels; tapered vessels; and in vasoconstricted arteries such as in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction or chronic total occlusions. Balloon-expandable stents are tubular and cannot easily accommodate vessel diameter variations; thrombotic vessels increase the risk of distal embolisation and no-reflow; positive remodelling and vasodilation often result in subsequent malapposition; and patients with bifurcation lesions have a higher risk of adverse events. The STENTYS BMS and DES(P)stents have a self-expanding design, which enables a better anatomical fit to the vessel, even with diameter variations (up to 6.0 millimetres [mm]), and can adapt to changes in vessel size over time. The stents deploy atraumatically from distal to proximal, which could reduce distal embolisation and contain disconnectable bridges, which can be opened up at a side branch. Self-apposing technology could therefore provide a potential solution to current challenges with balloon-expandable stent technology.

The protective role of alpha-lipoic acid on long-term exposure of rats to the combination of chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin pesticides

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chidiebere Uchendu ◽  
Suleiman F Ambali ◽  
Joseph O Ayo ◽  
King AN Esievo
Keyword(s):  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The study was aimed at evaluating the protective role of α-lipoic acid (ALA) on long-term exposure of rats to the combination of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and deltamethrin (DLT). Forty-two (42) male Wistar rats were divided into 6 exposure groups with 7 animals in each group: (I) soya oil (2 ml kg−1), (II) ALA (60 mg kg−1), (III) DLT (6.25 mg kg−1), (IV) CPF (4.75 mg kg−1), (V) (CPF + DLT) DLT (6.25 mg kg−1) and CPF (4.75 mg kg−1; 1/20th of the previously determined median lethal dose) and (VI) (ALA + CPF + DLT) pretreated with ALA (60 mg kg−1) and then co-exposed to CPF and DLT, 45 min later. The regimens were administered by gavage once daily for a period of 16 weeks. Sera obtained from blood collected at the end of the experimental period were used for the evaluation of serum glucose, total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine and the activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and acetylcholinesterase. The liver homogenate was used to assay for the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and the concentrations of malondialdehyde, cytokine and tumour necrotic factor α. The result showed that the combination of CPF and DLT resulted in marked alterations of these biochemical parameters in most cases compared to either of the pesticides singly, supplementation with ALA ameliorated these alterations.

Cardiac-renal-neural reflex plays a major role in natriuresis induced by left atrial distension

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (2) ◽  
pp. R369-R375 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Miki ◽  
Y. Hayashida ◽  
K. Shiraki
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrial ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Balloon Inflation ◽  
Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Sustained Reduction ◽  
The Face ◽  
Left Atrial Distension

The role of cardiac-renal-neural reflex in the natriuresis induced by left atrial balloon inflation was investigated in conscious dogs. Female mongrel dogs were assigned randomly to 1) sham-operated (n = 8), 2) cardiac-denervated (n = 6), and 3) renal-denervated (n = 8) groups. The dogs were chronically instrumented with a bipolar stainless steel wire electrode for measurement of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). Balloon inflation induced a step increase in left atrial pressure (Pla) by 7.7 +/- 1.7 mmHg, a step decrease in RSNA (-66.6 +/- 5.5%), and concomitant increases in urine flow (441 +/- 142%), osmolal excretion (60 +/- 12%), and sodium excretion (300 +/- 69%) in sham-operated dogs. Renal denervation abolished the diuresis and natriuresis during balloon inflation. Chronic cardiac denervation abolished also the diuresis and natriuresis in the face of a similar increase in Pla. RSNA did not change significantly throughout the experimental period in cardiac-denervated dogs. It is concluded that a sustained reduction of RSNA originating from left atrial mechanoreceptors plays a major role in the natriuresis during left atrial distension in conscious dogs.

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