scholarly journals Production of forage palm cultivars (Orelha de Elefante Mexicana, IPA-Sertânia and Miúda) under different salinity levels in irrigation water

2021 ◽  
pp. 977-982
Author(s):  
Márcia Cristina de Araújo Pereira ◽  
Carlos Alberto Vieira de Azevedo ◽  
José Dantas Neto ◽  
Mariana de Oliveira Pereira ◽  
Jailton Garcia Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

Brazilian semiarid region is characterized by irregular rainy periods that limits the production of forage feed for the maintenance of agricultural livestock and causes losses in the production. Despite that, semiarid region stands out in the production of forage palm, buffering the impact of drought in the area. Thus, this study aimed at analyzing the effect of different levels of salinity in irrigation water on the production of forage palm in the semiarid region. The experiment was arranged as a complete randomized block, in a 4x3 factorial arrangement and four levels of salinity (0.2, 2.0, 3.8 and 5.6 dS m-1); three cultivars (Miúda, Orelha de Elefante Mexicana and IPA-Sertânia) with 4 replications. The variables evaluated were the following: number of primary, secondary, tertiary and total cladodes, cladode biomass and estimative of threshold salinity (SL). The results showed that irrigation with saline water with an electrical conductivity of 2.0 dS m-1 negatively affected the emission of cladodes of superior orders for all forage palm cultivars. Miúda cultivar presented the best production of fresh phytomass (13.36 kg per plant) under a salinity level of 4.04 dS m-1, followed by Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (12.55 kg per plant) under a salinity level of 2.73 dS m-1 and Baiana (11.56 kg per plant) under a salinity level of 2.17dS m-1.

scholarly journals Root biomass and production of cotton cultivars subjected to saline water irrigation

2020 ◽  
pp. 965-970
Author(s):  
André Alisson Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Márcia Cristina de Araújo Pereira ◽  
Luana Lucas de Sá Almeida Veloso ◽  
Ronaldo do Nascimento ◽  
Elka Costa Santos Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Saline Water Irrigation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Weight Number

Water scarcity and high levels of salinity in irrigation water limit irrigated cotton cultivation in the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil. So, it is necessary to adopt cultivation strategies that make the production system feasible. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the biomass and production of cotton cultivars subjected to different levels of saline water irrigation. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions, with treatments distributed in a completely randomized design, in a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement, corresponding to five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity - ECw (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5 dS m-1) and two cotton cultivars (BRS 368 RF and BRS Safira), with 4 replicates. Treatment effects were measured by the number of bolls per plant, lint weight, number of seeds per plant, total weight of seeds and dry and fresh biomass of stem, roots and leaves. Irrigation using water with electrical conductivity from 1.5 dS m-1 negatively affects the production of the cotton cultivars BRS SAFIRA and BRS 368 RF, causing reductions in all production variables analyzed. The cultivar BRS Safira has better production performance than BRS 368 RF when exposed to water salinity.

scholarly journals Saline water irrigation in semiarid region: II – effects on growth and nutritional status of onions

2019 ◽  
pp. 1177-1182
Author(s):  
Luiz Guilherme Medeiros Pessoa ◽  
Maria Betânia Galvão dos Santos Freire ◽  
Renato Lemos dos Santos ◽  
Fernando José Freire ◽  
Patrícia Ribeiro dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Saline Waters ◽  
Onion Cultivar

The use of saline waters for the irrigation of crops such as onion is a common practice in the Brazilian semiarid region. However, the effect of the use of these waters on onion nutrition and growth has been underappreciated. This work aims to evaluate Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ and Cl- levels and onion growth in two Fluvisols under irrigation with waters of variable electrical conductivity and increasing values of sodium adsorption ratio. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in two Fluvisols cultivated with onion. After transplanting each plant was irrigated with saline waters, in a factorial arrangement 2 x 3 x 6, corresponding to two soils (sandy loam and silt clay loam), three values of electrical conductivity (EC - 200, 700 and 2,000 μS cm-1) and six levels of sodium adsorption ratio (SAR - 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 (mmolc L-1)0.5). Plants were collected at 90 days after transplanting and onion growth parameters as well Ca, Mg, K, Na and Cl levels were each measured. The SAR of the irrigation waters and the soil did not show any significant influence on the onion growth variables or on the levels of the evaluated elements. The increase in salinity of the irrigation water promoted a reduction in the growth variables of the evaluated onion cultivar. Increases in the levels of Ca, Na and Cl as well as a reduction in the level of K in the onion plant dry matter were all observed with increasing salinity of the irrigation water; however, the Mg content level was not affected. As the salinity of the irrigation water was the main factor affecting onion growth, an EC of 200 µS cm-1 is the limit to promote the best onion growth cultivated in both sandy and silt clay soils.

scholarly journals Growth of forage palm cultivars irrigated with saline waters

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3Supl1) ◽  
pp. 1421-1434
Author(s):  
Mariana de Oliveira Pereira ◽  
◽  
Jailton Garcia Ramos ◽  
Beatriz de Araújo Tomaz ◽  
João Henrique de Andrade Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Quadratic Regression ◽  
Qualitative Variable ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Nopalea Cochenillifera

Forage palm (Cactaceae) is considered an important resource in the semiarid region of Brazil. This study aimed to analyze the effect of different levels of salinity in irrigation water on the growth of three forage palm cultivars. The study was conducted at the Federal University of Campina Grande (7° 12’ 52.6’’ S; 35° 54’ 22.3’’ W) in 120 L pots open to the sky. The experiment was a complete randomized block, with four replications and a 4 × 3 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of four levels of salinity in irrigation water with electrical conductivity of 0.2, 2.0, 3.8, and 5.6 dS m–1, and three forage palm cultivars: Miúda or Doce (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck), Orelha de Elefante (Opuntia stricta), and Baiana or IPA–Sertânia (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck). At 150 days after treatments, it was evaluated: length, width and perimeter of primary and secondary cladodes and total number of cladodes. Variance analysis was performed using an F-test (p < 0.05); significant effects were subjected to quadratic regression analysis for the quantitative variable, and the Tukey test (p < 0.05) for the qualitative variable. Salinity levels in irrigation water did not affect the growth variables. There was a significant difference in the growth of forage palm as a function of its cultivar. The Baiana cultivar showed the highest vegetative growth of length and perimeter of primary and secondary cladodes, while Miúda and Orelha de Elefante presented the greatest cladode numbers for plant and cladode widths, respectively.

scholarly journals Physiological changes and growth of soursop plants under irrigation with saline water and H2O2 in post-grafting phase

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3023-3038
Author(s):  
Luana Lucas de Sá Almeida Veloso ◽  
◽  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
Carlos Alberto Vieira de Azevedo ◽  
Reginaldo Gomes Nobre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Exogenous Application ◽  
Four Levels

The low availability of water associated with high salt concentrations in irrigation water has become one of the leading challenges for agricultural production in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil. Thus, the study of strategies to enable the use of saline water in agriculture is essential. From this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate alterations in gas exchange, chloroplast pigments, and cell damage in soursop (Anonna muricata L.) irrigated with saline water and under exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the post-grafting phase. A study was conducted in Campina Grande, PB, under greenhouse conditions. The treatments were distributed in a randomized block design, in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of four levels of electrical conductivity of water (ECw; 1.6; 2.4; 3.2 and 4.0 dS m-1) and two concentrations of H2O2 (0 and 20 µM) with four replications. Irrigation water salinity from 1.6 dS m-1 caused changes in the stomatal conductance, respiration, and internal CO2 concentration of soursop plants. A 20 µM concentration of H2O2 reduced the effects of salinity on transpiration and CO2 assimilation values, in addition to promoting the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments and reducing cell damage in soursop plants, at 150 days after transplantation. The exogenous application of 20 µM H2O2 reduced the deleterious effects of salinity on the stem diameter of both rootstock and scion in soursop plants irrigated with ECw of 1.6 dS m-1. The exogenous application of 20 µM H2O2 was not efficient in mitigating the damage caused by salinity on the stem diameter of the soursop at grafting point.

scholarly journals Growth and chlorophyll in noni seedlings irrigated with saline water in substrate with vermicompost

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 586-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane G. dos Santos ◽  
Belísia L. M. T. Diniz ◽  
Manoel A. Diniz Neto ◽  
João H. C. S. Silva ◽  
William N. de Oliveira Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Four Levels

ABSTRACT Irrigation is a limiting factor for the development of crops, and all water sources contain salts, which can accumulate in the soil and in the plant, compromising its development. The use of vermicompost is one of the alternatives to mitigate the negative effects of salts on plants. This organic compost is a soil conditioner and a nutrient source for plants. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the growth and chorophyll of noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) in response to the salinity of irrigation water in substrates with and without vermicompost. A completely randomized design in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme was used, corresponding to four levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (0.5, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 dS m-1), in three soil substrates (without humus, with 33.33 and 66.66% of humus). Three months after germination, the following variables were evaluated: plant height; stem diameter; number of leaves; chlorophyll index (a, b and total) in the leaves; and fresh and dry matter of shoots and roots. The increase of salinity in irrigation water negatively influences growth in height, stem diameter, biomass production and chlorophyll a and total indexes, but with lower intensity in substrates with humus, that improves the fertility of the substrate and favors the growth of noni plants, regardless of the salinity of the irrigation water; however, its beneficial effect decreases with the intensification of electrical conductivity of irrigation water.

scholarly journals Growth and production of colored fiber cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) subjected to salt stress and potassium fertilization

2020 ◽  
pp. 1595-1600
Author(s):  
Jéssica Dayane Capitulino ◽  
Carlos Alberto Vieira de Azevedo ◽  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
André Alisson Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Luana Lucas de Sá Almeida Veloso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Soil Irrigation ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Sensitive Variable

Temporal and spatial variation of rainfall in semiarid regions may lead to an increase in the concentrations of salts present in irrigation water, and it is necessary to adopt techniques to reduce the negative effects of salts on plants. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the growth and production of colored cotton cv. BRS Topázio as a function of irrigation using water with different levels of salinity and potassium doses. The experiment was carried out in pots adapted as lysimeters under greenhouse conditions, using a non-saline Neossolo Regolítico (Entisol) of sandy texture. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with 4 replicates, with treatments distributed in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to four levels of saline irrigation water electrical conductivity (1.5; 3.0; 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1) and four potassium doses (50; 75; 100 and 125% of the recommendation), with a dose of 100% corresponding to 150 mg K2O per kg-1 of soil. Irrigation using water of electrical conductivity (saline) above 1.5 dS m-1 negatively affected the growth and production of cotton cv. BRS Topázio, and cotton seed weight was the most sensitive variable. Potassium doses above 50% of the recommendation in interaction with salinity reduced the height and leaf area of cotton cv. BRS Topázio.

scholarly journals Forage cactus-sorghum intercropping at different irrigation water depths in the Brazilian Semiarid Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 724-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wellington Jairo da Silva Diniz ◽  
Thieres George Freire da Silva ◽  
Jadna Mylena da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Djalma Cordeiro dos Santos ◽  
Magna Soelma Beserra de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Water Depths

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the productive performance, biological efficiency, and the competitive ability of the forage cactus-sorghum intercropping under different irrigation depths with saline water in the Brazilian Semiarid Region. The experiment was carried out in Serra Talhada, in the state of Pernambuco, between 2014 and 2015, in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates, and a 5x3 factorial arrangement in split plots, with one year of forage cactus cycle and two years of sorghum cycles. The plots were composed by four irrigation water depths based on the fractions of 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the reference evapotranspiration, besides dry conditions; and the subplots consisted of three cropping systems (single crop of forage cactus, single crop of sorghum, and intercropping of forage cactus-sorghum). The increase of water irrigation depths increased the yields of sorghum in single crop and of the forage cactus-sorghum intercropping. The intercropping system promoted production stability with a higher system productivity index (SPI) for forage cactus-sorghum intercropping (6,279.02 kg ha-1 DM) than for forage cactus in single crop (4,626.98 kg ha-1 DM). The relative density coefficient (12.33) was indicative of the great compatibility of the intercropping system. The forage cactus-sorghum association shows biological advantage and competitiveness capacity, with a higher productive index than their monocultures.

scholarly journals Effects of magnetized water application on soil and maize growth indices under different amounts of salt in the water

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meysam Abedinpour ◽  
Ebrahim Rohani
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Magnetic Treatment ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Available N ◽  
Maize Growth ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
The Impact

Application of low quality water for irrigation is compulsive in facing water scarcity. Use of a magnetic field is an approach to overcome this challenge. This study examined the impact of magnetic field technology on improving germination under water of different salinity levels. An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of saline water levels, i.e. (S1):0.5, (S2):2, (S3):4 and (S4):6 dS/m combined with magnetized technology (with or without) on maize growth. Thus, magnetic treatment was applied by passing the irrigation water through a 1,500 mT magnetic field at 3 litres per minute (lpm) flow rate. Some emergence indices, such as emergence index, emergence rate index (ERI) and mean emergence time, were used to evaluate the germination of maize seed. As for soil properties after plant harvest, the use of magnetically treated irrigation water reduced soil pH but increased soil electrical conductivity and available N and P. ERI increased from 7.6 to 10.2, 9.1 to 11.1, 10.3 to 13.3, and 11.8 to 13.3 when applying the magnetized field for S1, S2, S3 and S4, respectively. Overall, the growth parameters of maize were improved by using magnetic technology with saline water, while the opposite trend was shown for increasing salinity without magnetic treatment.

scholarly journals Morphophysiological responses of cowpea to irrigation with saline water and application of bovine biofertilizer

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Leno Martins Veras ◽  
José Sebastião de Melo Filho ◽  
Lunara De Sousa Alves ◽  
Leandra De Melo Cavalcante Souza ◽  
Thiago Jardelino Dias
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Lateral Branches ◽  
Productive Growth

Cowpea crop has great economic importance, mainly in the Northeast, where it is a food source for several families. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the effect of levels of electrical conductivity on irrigation water as a function of the application of biofertilizer in the growth and production of cowpea. The experimental design was completely randomized, presenting a factorial scheme of 4 x 2, corresponding to four levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (ECw), 1; 2; 3 and 4 dS m-1 and the presence and absence of bovine biofertilizer application in four replicates. Plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of lateral branches, main branch length, root dry weight, shoot and total number, pod number per plant, mass dry weight of the pod, the length and mean diameter of the pod, the number of grains per plant, the number of grains per pod, the mass of grains and the mass of 100 grains. The increase of ECw inhibits vegetative and productive growth of cowpea and the use of enriched bovine biofertilizer attenuates the effects of saline stress on cowpea, favoring its development.

scholarly journals Water Salinity Should Be Reduced for Irrigation to Minimize Its Risk of Increased Soil N2O Emissions

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Wei ◽  
Junzeng Xu ◽  
Linxian Liao ◽  
Yawei Li ◽  
Haiyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Nitrogen Inputs ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
N2o Fluxes ◽  
Moisture Dynamics ◽  
Irrigated Soils

To reveal the effect of irrigation salinity on soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emission, pot experiments were designed with three irrigation salinity levels (NaCl and CaCl2 of 1, 2.5 and 4 g/L equivalence, Ec = 3.6, 8.1 and 12.7 ds/m), either for 0 kg N/ha (N0) or 120 kg N/ha (N120) nitrogen inputs. N2O emissions from soils irrigated at different salinity levels varied in a similar pattern which was triggered by soil moisture dynamics. Yet, the magnitudes of pulse N2O fluxes were significantly varied, with the peak flux at 5 g/L irrigation salinity level being much higher than at 2 and 8 g/L. Compared to fresh water irrigated soils, cumulative N2O fluxes were reduced by 22.7% and 39.6% (N0), 29.1% and 39.2% (N120) for soils irrigated with 2 and 8 g/L saline water, while they were increased by 87.7% (N0) and 58.3% (N120) for soils irrigated with 5 g/L saline water. These results suggested that the effect degree of salinity on consumption and production of N2O might vary among irrigation salinity ranges. As such, desalinating brackish water to a low salinity level (such as 2 g/L) before it is used for irrigation might be helpful for solving water resources crises and mitigating soil N2O emissions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document