Effect of Partial Soybean Replacement by Shrimp By-Products on the Productive and Economic Performances in African Catfish (Clarias lazera) Diets

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of partial replacement of soybean with shrimp by-products (SBp) in African catfish (Clarias lazera) diets on productive (growth, digestibility, body composition, dressing yield, blood parameters, immunity) and economic performances. Therefore, 750 fingerlings (~20.0 g) were distributed into five groups of 150 fingerlings/group with three replicates (n = 50) per group. Group 1 was fed a basal diet, while G2 and G3 were fed diets containing 25% SBp (autoclaved and acid-treated, respectively) as soybean replacer for 12 weeks, while, in G4 and G5, SBp level was 50%. All growth and nutrient utilization parameters (body weight, Wg, ADG, PER, FCR, and digestibility), plasma proteins, and immunity significantly increased in G4 and G5. Anemia screening markers recorded insignificant differences between the tested groups and control one, whereas lipid markers of plasma and fish body decreased by autoclaved SBp and increased by acid-treated SBp. The African catfish body dry matter and crude protein percentages were enriched by the addition of SBp. Replacing the soybean meal decreases diet costs and diet costs/1 kg of weight gain. In conclusion, replacing soybean with SBp (especially 50% acid-treated) positively influenced productive and economic performances with friendly effects to avoid the environmental pollution by these wastes.

The influence of bioregulating adaptogens on the growth processes, development and decorative qualities of an orchid

At present, plant biostimulating adaptogens used in the process of growing a wide range of cultivated plants are artificial analogs of natural stimulants, the chemical composition of which contains phytohormones, amino acids and a vitamin complex, which enhance the growth and development of the root system of plants by several times. The effectiveness of these agents is explained by the creation of a mutually beneficial symbiosis of the mycelium of mycorrhizal fungi and the root system of the plant, thereby providing the roots of the orchid with biologically active elements: mineral salts, enzymes, hormones and vitamins. Mycorrhizal fungi, in turn, receive carbohydrates necessary for their growth and development. Due to the fact that indoor plants contain a small amount of growth regulators in their chemical composition, their synthetic analogs are necessary for the productive growth and development of the orchid, which determines the relevance of the research carried out. The article presents the results of experiments on the effect of biostimulating adaptogens Ribav-extra, Ecopin and Epin-extra on the process of root formation of cuttings and morphological features in the studied species of dendrobium orchid. The studied plants were propagated in three ways: by dividing the bush, pseudobulbs and cuttings. The cuttings were soaked for 18 h before planting in drug solutions at a concentration of 1 ml/10 L of water. Also, vegetative plants were sprayed twice with biostimulants: in the phase of regrowth of the first leaf and two weeks later at a concentration of 0.5 ml/10 L of water. The results obtained showed differences in the experimental variants in terms of the onset of phenological phases: the beginning of the formation and regrowth of roots, leaves and peduncles, as well as the flowering period. The reaction of dendrobium to treatment with Ribav-extra, Ecopin and Epin-extra was revealed. In plants in all variants, the preparations used stimulated the development of the root system, leaf apparatus, and the appearance of peduncles. The phenophase data in the tested plants occurred 7-28 days earlier in comparison with the control variant (without the use of bioregulators). The treatment of the test plants with the growth regulator Ribav-extra promoted earlier regrowth of the first and second roots and leaves (by 20-28 days). Ekopin turned out to be the most passive and did not significantly affect the rate of development of the tested plants. The phenophases of regrowth of the 1st root and 1st leaf began 3-5 days earlier than the plants of the control variant. Ribav-extra and Epin-extra stimulated the appearance of peduncles in plants by the age of 3 years.

Study of potential application of alternative power cycles in Colombia

The energy cost and environmental problems such as greenhouse gas emissions have made efficient energy and renewable energy resources use a necessity for the care of the environment and for the economic and productive growth of the different sectors of a country’s economy. This has been achieved through policies that encourage the application of technologies that increase the processes efficiency and take advantage of the means available for generating power in different sectors of the economy where alternative power cycles like Goswami, Kalina, and ORC have great potential in both energy recovery and the use of renewable energy resources. In Colombia, the potential for using these technologies is wide in the industry since sectors such as Steel, cement, textile, among others, are made up. Where these cycles represent an opportunity for efficient energy use and, on the other hand, in the use of renewable energies such as geothermal and solar, these cycles have again proven to be viable, and due to the geographical location and characteristics of its soil, Colombia has a wide potential. All this shows the necessity for national policies that encourage efficient use through subsidies, investment, training, etc. For the application of alternative power cycles because their costs are so high and the support of financing instruments and policies at the national level is a latent need in Colombia.

Efficiency Analysis of Microfinance Institutions in Bangladesh: Does Regulation Matter?

The aim of this study is to measure efficiency of various Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) in Bangladesh before and after introducing Microcredit Regulatory Authority (MRA) in order to capture the immediate impact of regulation. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Malmquist Productivity index technique have been used for this study. Findings reveal that 35% firms’ average productivity increase sharply after enacting microfinance regulation. Seven firms have been graduated from the inefficiency level to efficiency level. However, most of the firms among the increased efficiency list are comparatively young in terms of starting their microfinance operations. Result of Tobit regression does not find any significant relationship between efficiency and regulation. Due to regulation, only number of outreach increases but to ensure more productive growth, MRA needs to be more proactive in strengthening policy environment and educating MFIs to be better equipped with sound financial and managerial tools and techniques.

Changes in the microbiocenosis of the rumen and digestibility of the dry matter of the diet with the introduction of gobies together fatty addition of ultrafine iron particles

The gastrointestinal tract of cattle is a large and complex biomechanism for processing substances coming from outside, with their further assimilation by the animal’s body, to ensure normal life and productive growth. A special role is played by the rumen of cattle, in which the biosynthetic processes of the conversion of some chemicals and elements to others, under the action of enzymes of microorganisms, which have a responsible role in the processing of food components, as well as in a symbiotic relationship to each other. So, a disruption in the work of certain microorganisms under the influence of food factors leads to a disruption in the synthesis and work of the rest of the microbiota, which generally affects the state of the animal bioreactor as a whole. The aim of the study was to establish the effect of various dosages of ultrafine particles of Fe in combination with a fat supplement, as part of rations on the digestibility of dry matter of the feed, basic indicators of scar content, such as microbial fermentation of the feed and biomass of microorganisms and fatty acid composition. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the effect of a complex of ultrafine particles of iron of different dosages ϲ a fat supplement on the cicatricial digestion of bulls raised for meat was studied. Methodology and methods. To conduct research, 12 bulls were bred in the conditions of the Pokrovskiy agricultural college-branch of the Orenburg State Agrarian University of the Orenburg region of the Orenburg region. Of these, four groups were selected according to the principle of analogues – control and three experimental, three animals in each, which, according to A. A. Aliyev were imposed scar fistulas. Results and scope. Thus, during the experiment it was found that the optimal dosage of iron nanoparticles mixed with a fat supplement in the diet was 425.6 mg per head per day, which contributes to better digestibility of dry matter by 8.98 % and a higher content of VFA in scar fluid by 2.28 % compared to ϲ control.

Design and Development of Efficient Water Management for Agriculture using IoT and Fuzzy Logic

Agriculture is a major source of living in India. The productive growth of the crop depends mainly on various sources such as adequate supply of water, fertilizers and soil conditions. Excessive water in the farming field may damage the crop and similarly limited supply of water results for causing diseases in crops. Therefore the proper management of water is required for better yield of the crops. In this paper, a system was designed and developed for efficient water management in agriculture field. This work utilized the advantages of Internet of Things (IoT) and Fuzzy logic. The proposed work reduces the burden on the farmers and increases GDP of Indian economy.

Inhibition of ULK1 and Beclin1 by an α-herpesvirus Akt-like Ser/Thr kinase limits autophagy to stimulate virus replication

Autophagy is a powerful host defense that restricts herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) pathogenesis in neurons. As a countermeasure, the viral ICP34.5 polypeptide, which is exclusively encoded by HSV, antagonizes autophagy in part through binding Beclin1. However, whether autophagy is a cell-type–specific antiviral defense or broadly restricts HSV-1 reproduction in nonneuronal cells is unknown. Here, we establish that autophagy limits HSV-1 productive growth in nonneuronal cells and is repressed by the Us3 gene product. Phosphorylation of the autophagy regulators ULK1 and Beclin1 in virus-infected cells was dependent upon the HSV-1 Us3 Ser/Thr kinase. Furthermore, Beclin1 was unexpectedly identified as a direct Us3 kinase substrate. Although disabling autophagy did not impact replication of an ICP34.5-deficient virus in primary human fibroblasts, depleting Beclin1 and ULK1 partially rescued Us3-deficient HSV-1 replication. This shows that autophagy restricts HSV-1 reproduction in a cell-intrinsic manner in nonneuronal cells and is suppressed by multiple, independent viral functions targeting Beclin1 and ULK1. Moreover, it defines a surprising role regulating autophagy for the Us3 kinase, which unlike ICP34.5 is widely encoded by alpha-herpesvirus subfamily members.

Application of mycorrhizal fungus Tuber melanosporum to stimulate the growth and development of soybean and spring barley

Aim. To evaluate the effect of soybean and spring barley seeds treatment with haploid cells of fungus Tuber melanosporum IMB F- 100106 on the growth and development of soybean and spring barley. Methods. The study was conducted in field conditions on the experimental field of the Department of Agroecology and Biosafety IAP NANU. The level of development of the fungus was evaluated visually and by counting ectomycorrhizal threads. Morphometric and biochemical methods were used to characterize the structure of the crop. Results. The treatment of soybean and spring barley seeds with T. melanosporum promotes productive growth and increases the yield of crops. Conclusions. Plant inoculation with T. melanosporum promotes productive growth and increases the yield of soybean and barley, promotes the possibility of creating new technologies of organic and regenerative agriculture and allows preserving of the genetic stability of this fungus. Keywords: mycorrhiza, Tuber melanosporum, crop yields, genetic stability.

Metasploit Unleashed Tool for Penetration Testing

In the recent era as the technology is growing rapidly, the use of internet has grown at an exponential rate. The growth has started increasing in between the years 1995-2000.The success of internet has brought great change to the world as we know; however, the problems are common as an obstacle to every productive growth. As the thousands of sites are launching daily and lakhs of people using it ,with limited sources of internet available to monitor the security and credibility of these sites. The security issues are growing rapidly and the existence of vulnerabilities are inevitable. As a result exploits became rampant causing the usage of information security fields. Eventually, the need for vulnerability scanning for a particular network or a particular site has increased and the result was pre-emptive existence of penetration testers whose sole purpose is to execute an exploit using a payload for scanning a vulnerability far before others got the opportunity. Metasploit is a computer security tool that works like a penetration tester. The Metasploit Framework was developed with the intentions of making lives of security experts easier.