scholarly journals Hamman–Rich syndrome in a young child

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
T. A. Minenkova ◽  
Yu. L. Mizernitsky ◽  
N. S. Razinkova ◽  
A. V. Serezhkina ◽  
M. V. Kostyuchenko
Keyword(s):  
Young Child ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Fibrosing Alveolitis ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Progressive Course

Hamman–Rich syndrome (idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis) is a lung disease of unknown nature, characterized by non-infectious inflammation of the interstitium, alveoli and terminal bronchioles with an outcome in progressive pulmonary fibrosis. Idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis in young children, despite the timely verification of the diagnosis and therapy, is characterized by an unfavorable prognosis and rapidly progressive course. The article describes the clinical case of Hamman–Rich syndrome in a child of 8 months, its main clinical manifestations and diagnostic features.

scholarly journals Progressing radiation injury of the rectum. Clinical observation

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
T. E. Skvortsova ◽  
I. А. Oganezova
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Radiation Injury ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Radiation Injuries ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Pelvic Organs ◽  
Chronic Radiation ◽  
Progressive Course

Radiation damage to the rectum is the most common complication in radiation therapy of malignancies of pelvic organs. Clinical manifestations of chronic radiation proctitis can occur both 3 months after completion of therapy and decades later. Late radiation injuries to the intestine often has a persistent course, drug treatment is prolonged and repeated, in severe cases surgical treatment is required. The article presents literature data on pathophysiology, clinical picture, diagnostics and possibilities of treating this pathology. A clinical case reflecting the progressive course of the disease is described.

scholarly journals Exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
S. N. Avdeev ◽  
V. V. Gaynitdinova ◽  
Z. M. Merzhoeva ◽  
G. V. Neklyudova ◽  
N. A. Tsareva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Antifibrotic Therapy ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Progressive Course

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is usually characterized by a chronic and slowly progressive course. According to several studies, a small number of patients with IPF (about 515%) develops an acute deterioration of deasese exacerbation of IPF. Exacerbations of IPF can occur at any time of the disease and sometimes becomes the first manifestation of IPF. Pulmonary hypertension in IPF is a fairly frequent complication, which leads to severe violations of gas exchange and reduced tolerance to physical stress. Currently, proven effective treatments for exacerbations of IPF do not exist, the management of this condition is based on supportive therapy (oxygen, respiratory support) and interventions with inadequate evidences (corticosteroids, immunosuppressant). During exacerbation of IPF a careful search of all the possible triggers is justified. In the presented clinical case of exacerbation of IPF there was demonstrated the efficacy of complex therapy including antifibrotic therapy, PAH-specific medicines and enhanced oxygen therapy.

scholarly journals Interstitial Lung Disease and Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage, the Two Key Pulmonary Manifestations in Microscopic Polyangiitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
Min Jung Kim ◽  
Kichul Shin
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Microscopic Polyangiitis ◽  
Usual Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody ◽  
Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage ◽  
Alveolar Hemorrhage ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations

Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is an antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)‒associated necrotizing vasculitis, which mainly affects small vessels in various organs, especially the lungs. The two key pulmonary manifestations, interstitial lung disease (ILD) and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH), increase the morbidity and death rate of patients with MPA. ILD is more common in MPA than in other ANCA-associated vasculitis subsets and is primarily associated with myeloperoxidase-ANCA. Unlike alveolar hemorrhage due to pulmonary capillaritis, ILD can initially manifest as isolated pulmonary fibrosis. Of note, its most frequent radiographic pattern is the usual interstitial pneumonia pattern, similar to the characteristic pattern seen in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In this review we present the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and radiographic and histopathologic features of ILD and DAH in MPA. We also briefly summarize the outcome and therapeutic options for the two conditions.

scholarly journals Listeriosis: the review of a problem, presentation of a clinical case of listeria sepsis in a 4-month child

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
L.P. Shostakovych-Koretskaya ◽  
I.V. Budayeva ◽  
M.A. Nikolaichuk
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Problem Presentation ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Progressive Course

Listeriosis is an infectious disease caused by Listeria monocytogenes microorganisms. A human can catch an infection through fecal-oral, aerogenous, or transplacental route. The listeriosis incidence in Ukraine is sporadic, single cases are not related to each other. Listeriosis is characterized by a high rate of mortality and polymorphism of clinical manifestations. The symptoms of the disease are multiple-organ: damage to the central nervous system, septic symptoms, aborts, mastitis; listeriosis can also be subclinical. The disorders of the central nervous system are associated with meningitis, meningoencephalitis, or brain abscess. The importance of the problem of diagnosis and treatment of listeriosis derived from the disease sporadicity, polymorphism of its manifestations, difficulties in etiological verification of the diagnosis. The case described is specific due to the diagnostic mistake: a child was not diagnosed with sepsis. Listeriosis in this child had a progressive course with sepsis development. Listeriosis is a rare infection, therefore it was difficult to suggest this particular infection intra vitam.

scholarly journals Hemorrhagic Encephalitis after COVID-19 (Clinical Case)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
I. O. Filiuk ◽  
◽  
O. I. Kalbus ◽  
N. P. Shastun ◽  
D. I. Andreichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
The Brain

COVID-19 is an urgent problem all over the world that affects not only the respiratory system, but also causes many neurological disorders. In connection with the clinical manifestations of COVID-19, further detailed study of neurological complications is required, such as ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, damage to the peripheral nervous system, and inflammatory diseases of the brain. Some neurological symptoms after an illness may persist for several weeks or even months. Hemorrhagic encephalitis is one such complication of COVID-19. Taking into account the growth of COVID-19 and frequent neurological complications after a previous illness, more and more often patients will seek medical help from a specialist, such as a neurologist, psychologist, psychiatrist. The only protection against COVID-19, which causes serious complications, is vaccination. The purpose of the study was to highlight a rare case of hemorrhagic encephalitis, which developed against the background of the previous COVID-19 disease. Materials and methods. The work is based on a description of a clinical case of hemorrhagic encephalitis in a patient who has undergone COVID-19. The modern literature data on the clinical and diagnostic features and therapeutic possibilities of hemorrhagic encephalitis are presented. Results and discussion. The article examines data on the clinical manifestations of COVID-19, which can occur in both mild and severe forms, reflects the diagnostic criteria of this disease, highlights treatment approaches, discusses in detail and provides data on the main aspects of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying development of the disease. Complications of COVID-19 have been described, not only from the central and peripheral nervous system, but also from other systems. The second part of the article is presented in the form of a clinical case of hemorrhagic encephalitis against the background of the undergone COVID-19, which was recorded in our hospital. This part of the article describes in detail the patient's complaints and anamnestic data, the data of the somatic and neurological examination at the time of admission to the hospital and in dynamics, and describes the treatment tactics. Attention is especially focused on the cognitive functions of this patient, which will become the reason for seeing a psychiatrist in the future. Conclusion. Neurological complications of COVID-19 are increasingly registered, requiring close attention from neurologists. Hemorrhagic encephalitis can be one of these complications

Clinical case of lung lesions in patient with newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
T. N. Gavva ◽  
L. V. Kuzmenkova ◽  
Yu. N. Fedulaev ◽  
T. V. Pinchuk ◽  
D. D. Kaminer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Lung Lesions ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Clinical Interest

A case of lung damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a 33-year-old woman is described. This case is of clinical interest due to the complexity of diagnosis due to the fact that SLE is a disease with diverse clinical manifestations involving many organs and systems, which often makes it difficult to timely recognize the onset of the disease. SLE still remains a challenge and requires special attention to the patient s history, clinical and laboratory parameters of the patient, as well as specific immunological examinations.

Cesarean scar defects: diagnosis and treatment in non-pregnant women

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Martynov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth

The aim of the review was to summarize information on clinical manifestations, diagnostic features, as well as methods for correction of scar defects after cesarean section (CS) outside pregnancy. Lack of the scar after CS, niche, isthmocele are a myometrium defect in the area of scar after CS, which is most often detected by ultrasound, sonohysterography or magnetic resonance imaging and is manifested by postmenstrual bleeding from the genital tract. In some cases, it can cause menorrhagia, dyspareunia, pelvic pain, infertility, uterine rupture during subsequent pregnancy and childbirth. Conservative therapy or surgical treatment with laparoscopy, laparotomy or vaginal approach is carried out depending on the symptoms, size of the defect, the thickness of the residual myometrium, as well as the womans reproductive plans.

Regional differences in infection and structural lung disease in infants and young children with cystic fibrosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 917-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Carzino ◽  
Katherine B. Frayman ◽  
Louise King ◽  
Suzanna Vidmar ◽  
Sarath Ranganathan
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Infants And Young Children

scholarly journals Complications in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Focus on Their Clinical and Radiological Features

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 450
Author(s):  
Federica Galioto ◽  
Stefano Palmucci ◽  
Giovanna M. Astuti ◽  
Ada Vancheri ◽  
Giulio Distefano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Radiological Features ◽  
Palliative Care Services ◽  
Pictorial Essay ◽  
Personalized Approach ◽  
Fibrotic Lung Disease

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fibrotic lung disease with uncertain origins and pathogenesis; it represents the most common interstitial lung disease (ILD), associated with a pathological pattern of usual interstitial pneumonitis (UIP). This disease has a poor prognosis, having the most lethal prognosis among ILDs. In fact, the progressive fibrosis related to IPF could lead to the development of complications, such as acute exacerbation, lung cancer, infections, pneumothorax and pulmonary hypertension. Pneumologists, radiologists and pathologists play a key role in the identification of IPF disease, and in the characterization of its complications—which unfortunately increase disease mortality and reduce overall survival. The early identification of these complications is very important, and requires an integrated approach among specialists, in order to plane the correct treatment. In some cases, the degree of severity of patients having IPF complications may require a personalized approach, based on palliative care services. Therefore, in this paper, we have focused on clinical and radiological features of the complications that occurred in our IPF patients, providing a comprehensive and accurate pictorial essay for clinicians, radiologists and surgeons involved in their management.

scholarly journals Antifibrotic Therapies and Progressive Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Disease (PF-ILD): Building on INBUILD

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2285
Author(s):  
John N. Shumar ◽  
Abhimanyu Chandel ◽  
Christopher S. King
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
Treatment Pathway ◽  
Antifibrotic Therapy ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Fibrotic Lung Diseases

Progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (PF-ILD) describes a phenotypic subset of interstitial lung diseases characterized by progressive, intractable lung fibrosis. PF-ILD is separate from, but has radiographic, histopathologic, and clinical similarities to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Two antifibrotic medications, nintedanib and pirfenidone, have been approved for use in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Recently completed randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the clinical efficacy of antifibrotic therapy in patients with PF-ILD. The validation of efficacy of antifibrotic therapy in PF-ILD has changed the treatment landscape for all of the fibrotic lung diseases, providing a new treatment pathway and opening the door for combined antifibrotic and immunosuppressant drug therapy to address both the fibrotic and inflammatory components of ILD characterized by mixed pathophysiologic pathways.

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