scholarly journals A longitudinal analysis of tax planning schemes of firms in East Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-203
Author(s):  
Alfred James Kimea ◽  
Msizi Mkhize
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Planning Problem ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Statutory Tax Rate

Taxes play a significant role in the social and economic development of counties. On the other hand, taxes represent a significant cost to firms; hence they devise legal ways to reduce their taxes through tax planning. In East Africa, the statutory tax rate of firms averages 30%, which is considered a major burden to the firms. As a result, this study aims to longitudinally examine the tax planning practices of listed firms in East Africa countries (EACs). The study used twelve-year annual reports of ninety-one firms from EACs. Both cash effective tax rate (CEFR) and accounting effective tax rate were employed as tax planning measures. Descriptive statistics together with Wilcoxon signed-ranked test were used to analyze the results. The study demonstrates the existence of corporate tax planning by the listed firms in EACs. The average CETR of the firms was 17% as opposed to the statutory tax rate of 30%, demonstrating that the firms actively engage in tax planning activities. The evidence further demonstrated a gradual decrease in the tax planning activities of the firms over the past twelve years. The study further found out that the rates of decline in the firms’ tax planning were statistically insignificant. Despite the decrease in the firms’ tax planning, the tax authorities in EACs should enforce tax laws to eliminate the tax planning problem.

scholarly journals Tax Planning Trends on Indonesia Stock Exchange Listed Firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Titiek Puji Astuti ◽  
Rahmawati Rahmawati ◽  
Bandi Bandi ◽  
Ari Kuncara Widagdo
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Listed Firms

This paper aims to discover the trend of firms practicing tax planning in Indonesia. This descriptive paper aims to understand the trend of Indonesia Stock Exchange listed firms practice of tax planning. The paper uses secondary data from financial statements. The measurement of tax planning uses the formula (25%-ETR (effective tax rate))*PBT (profit before tax). The sample is Indonesia Stock Exchange listed firms from 2011-2016, with tax as 25%. The sample excludes firms in some industries: financial, agriculture, construction, and mining. The total sample used in this paper is 212 firms. The results of this paper generally indicate the decrement of the tax planning rate, which means the existing government policy to decrease tax planning among the firms located in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Determinasi Praktik Penghindaran Pajak: Studi Pada Perusahaan Terkategori Jakarta Islamic Index

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Abid Ramadhan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Sales Growth ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Optimal Tax ◽  
High Profit

This study aimed to examine the effect of growth sales and company profits on tax avoidance practices in companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index in period of 2015-2019. The method in this research uses a quantitative approach. Population and sample come from the annual reports of companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic index with the sample criteria that have been determined using the purposive sampling method. Data analysis using multiple linear regression. The proxy for tax avoidance practice uses the effective tax rate. The analysis results showed that the sales growth variable does not affect tax avoidance. It is caused by decreased sales growth and makes company profits. Also, the company decrease does not need to do tax avoidance. Meanwhile, company profit affects tax avoidance. It indicates that the high profit of the company will make management carry out careful tax planning. In the end, it will produce an optimal tax that will be distributed to the state.

scholarly journals Political connections, state owned enterprises and tax avoidance: An evidence from Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudha Aryo Sudibyo ◽  
Sun Jianfu
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the relationship between political connections and tax avoidance behaviour in Indonesian listed-firms in 2007-2013 year period. Some firms created links to government for obtaining benefits in various variables such import licensing, taxes, and supply-funds. We have manually managed to identify politically connected-firms from the annual reports and measure tax avoidance by using Cash Effective Tax Rate (CETR) as the proxy. Our observation indicated that politically connected-firms paid lower corporate income tax than non-politically connected-firms. Our study also examined how the status of State Owned Enterprise (SOE) correlates to tax avoidance. Firms hiring politically connected independent commissioners (INDCOM) in this study were more likely to show tax avoidance behavior. However, we have no strong evidence to prove our proposition regarding the type of political connections

scholarly journals PENGARUH KONSERVATISME AKUNTANSI DAN PENGHINDARAN PAJAK TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Puradinda Zulfiara ◽  
Juli Ismanto
Keyword(s):  
Firm Value ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Accounting Conservatism ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Positive Effect

Aim of this research is to determine the effect of accounting conservatism and tax avoidance on firm value. The type of data used in this study is secondary data in the form of annual reports of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2013-2016 period. The number of samples is 48 manufacturing companies. The data analysis technique used is regression analysis. The results of the study show that conservatism has a positive effect on firm value, tax avoidance has a negative effect on firm value. While simultaneously conservatism and tax avoidance have a positive effect on firm value. Thus this study supports that accounting conservatism has a role as a function of monitoring the company's investment policies and one way to maintain the value of the company in limiting losses that may arise from poorly performing investment decisions. The company that conducts tax avoidance (has a smaller effective tax rate) is an effort made by management to reduce the company's tax burden and is able to minimize expenditure for tax purposes so that management looks good in the eyes of shareholders.

scholarly journals The Use of International Tax Planning in Subsidiaries from the Financial and ICT Sectors in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-196
Author(s):  
Vít Jedlička
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Transfer Pricing ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Havens ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
International Tax

Tax avoidance is an important element of management in the global economy. Managers use tax havens for reducing a company’s effective tax rate. The most common practices in international tax planning can be divided into three groups: loans and their related interest, royalties, and transfer pricing. The aim of this article is to find the determinants of the tax burden faced by foreign-owned subsidiaries. Therefore, a model was created for the tax burden, focusing on the special position of subsidiaries within international tax planning. For this purpose, taxes/outcomes was established as a new dependent variable. The panel data used include Czech companies that are owned by parent companies located in other EU countries. The model distinguishes EU tax havens from regular member states; sector dummy variables are also included. The regression model that was created did not confirm the assumed dependencies. Rather, it indicated other important determinants: profitability, the share of intangible assets, size, and the dummy variable for the ICT sector. Based on the regression results, the independent variables connected with known tax planning schemes have relatively low importance. The significance of these results can be seen in the subsequent conclusions. First of all, there is no difference between the subsidiaries’ tax burdens based on the parent company’s location. Corporations use international tax planning whether or not they are owned from a tax haven. The second significant conclusion indicates the importance of certain sectors and their attributes concerning the tax burden. Companies from the ICT sector are linked to a lower tax burden. On the other hand, the dependencies within the financial sector are not statistically significant. From the perspective of further research, it would be constructive to incorporate the subsidiary’s position within the group.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENGUNGKAPAN HUMAN RESOURCES ACCOUNTING DAN TAX PLANNING TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN KUALITAS AUDIT SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Mulyadi ◽  
Sihar Tambun
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Purposive Sampling

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pengungkapan HRA dan tax planning terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan kualitas audit sebagai variabel moderating. Penelitian ini  memproksikan nilai perusahaan dengan Price Earning Ratio (PER), tax planning diproksikan dengan Effective Tax Rate (ETR), pengungkapan Human Resources Accounting (HRA) diproksikan dengan indeks pengungkapan HRA, dan kualitas audit diproksikan dengan jumlah auditor.             Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang menggunakan pengumpulan data dokumentasi dan studi pustaka pada situs Bursa Efek Indonesia (www.idx.co.id) berupa laporan keuangan tahunan. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode tahun 2014-2018 dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling method.             Hasil Penelitian ini adalah pengungkapan human resources accounnting (HRA), tax planning dan kualitas audit berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, moderasi kualitas audit tidak mampu memperkuat pengaruh pangungkapan HRA terhadap nilai perusahaan. Moderasi kualitas audit mampu memperkuat pengaruh tax planning terhadap nilai perusahaan. Kata Kunci : pengungkapan HRA, tax planning, nilai perusahaan, kualitas audit.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LEVERAGE DAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP PERENCANAAN PAJAK PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2014-2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Indah Rahmadini ◽  
Nita Erika Ariani
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
Audit Committees ◽  
Managerial Ownership ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Rate

This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, leverage, and corporate governance on tax planning. The independent variables used in this study are profitability, leverage, institutional ownership, managerial ownership, independent commissioners and audit committees. While the dependent variable in this study is tax planning.Tax planning in this study the measured of Cash Effective Tax Rate (CETR). The population in this study are manufacturing companies listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) in the period 2014-2017. Determination of samples in this study using purposive sampling method. There are 45 manufacturing companies listed on BEI used as research samples based on predetermined criteria. The results showed that profitability, leverage, managerial ownership, independent commissioners and audit committees had a significant effect on tax planning. Meanwhile institutional ownership has no significant effect on tax planning

scholarly journals PENGARUH ROA, LEVERAGE, DAN CAPITAL INTENSITY TERHADAP TAX AVOIDANCE PADA PERUSAHAAN PERTAMBANGAN ERA JOKOWI – JK

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
Clarissa Octa Gumono
Keyword(s):  
Agency Theory ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
The State ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Mining Sector ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Independent Variable

Taxes are income for the state which are useful for financingstate activities and operations. Unfortunately, taxes are not profitable forcompanies. Taxes can decrease its profit. This situation triggers the companyto take action related to agency theory. This actions taken by managingtax financing so that it can be effective and efficient without violatingexisting regulations. That actions called tax avoidance. Tax avoidance takesadvantages of the grey area in the tax regulations so that the actions takenlegally. Tax avoidance in this study is used as the dependent variable bycalculating the cash effective tax rate (cash ETR). Independent variable inthis study are return on assets (ROA), leverage, and capital intensity. Theexistence of these variables are used to support the purpose of this study.The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of ROA, Leverageand Capital intensity on tax avoidance. The data used are from the financialreports and annual reports of mining sector companies listed in IndonesiaStock Exchange during the Jokowi - JK’s era.

EFFECT OF TAX PLANNING ON PERFORMANCE OF NIGERIAN FOODS AND BEVERAGE FIRMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Jacinta Ogochukwu ◽  
Obada Paradise
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
Stratified Sampling ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto

The study examined the effect of tax planning on performance of Nigerian corporate firms. This study employed ex post facto design. The population for this study is directed to foods and beverage firms in Nigeria. Simple and stratified sampling techniques were employed to select six foods and beverage firms in Nigeria. Regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis with aid of E-view 9.0. From the result of the analysis, Effective Tax Rate (ETR) has no significant effect on performance of Nigerian foods and beverage firms. This means that effective tax plan to generate firm performance; firms with high tax planning value perform better. On this note, the researchers recommended that Nigerian firms should engage the services of tax consultants in managing their tax computations and remittances.

scholarly journals PERAN PEMODERASI TRANSPARANSI INFORMASI : PENGHINDARAN PAJAK DAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di Indonesia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-418
Author(s):  
Andi Kartika ◽  
Sri Sudarsi ◽  
Moch Irsad
Keyword(s):  
Firm Value ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Significant Positive Influence

This study aims to examine and obtain empirical evidence about the effect of tax avoidance on firm value with transparency as a moderating variable in manufacturing companies listed on the Stock Exchange in 2013-2017. The data used is archived data in the form of annual reports and financial statements of manufacturing companies listed on the IDX. The results of this study indicate that tax avoidance as measured by the Effective Tax Rate (ETR) proxy which has a significant positive influence on firm value measured using Tobins' Q ratio and transparency can weaken the moderation between the effect of tax avoidance on firm value

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