scholarly journals Review of the monograph «Scientific bases of radiation protection in modern medicine» Volume 1 «Radiation diagnostics»

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-104
Author(s):  
T. B. Baltrukova
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Petersburg Institute ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Research Institute

This article presents the review on the monograph “Scientific bases of radiation protection in modern medicine “volume 1” X-ray diagnostics “ by M.I. Balonov, V.Yu. Golikov, A.V. Vodovatov, L.A. Chipiga, I.A. Zvonova, S.A. Kalnitsky, S.S. Sarycheva, I.G. Shatsky, edited by Professor M.I. Balonov. – St.-Petersburg Institute of Radiation Hygiene after prof. P.V. Ramzaev, 2019. Due to the increasing use of ionizing radiation in medicine, implementation of new imaging modalities and equipment, increase of the patient and staff doses, the aspects of their radiation protection are very relevant. The monograph is based on the analysis of data from national and foreign studies, as well as the data from own research conducted in the laboratory of radiation hygiene of medical facilities of the St. Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene named after Professor P. V. Ramzayev for almost 20 years. It reflects the current trends in radiation protection for various imaging modalities and it will be useful to a wide range of readers, especially specialists in the field of X-ray diagnostics and radiation hygiene.

scholarly journals Ionizing Radiation for Preparation and Functionalization of Membranes and Their Biomedical and Environmental Applications

Membranes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casimiro ◽  
Ferreira ◽  
Leal ◽  
Pereira ◽  
Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Environmental Applications ◽  
Radiation Processing ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
High Energy Radiation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Wide Range

The use of ionizing radiation processing technologies has proven to be one of the most versatile ways to prepare a wide range of membranes with specific tailored functionalities, thus enabling them to be used in a variety of industrial, environmental, and biological applications. The general principle of this clean and environmental friendly technique is the use of various types of commercially available high-energy radiation sources, like 60Co, X-ray, and electron beam to initiate energy-controlled processes of free-radical polymerization or copolymerization, leading to the production of functionalized, flexible, structured membranes or to the incorporation of functional groups within a matrix composed by a low-cost polymer film. The present manuscript describes the state of the art of using ionizing radiation for the preparation and functionalization of polymer-based membranes for biomedical and environmental applications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the applicability of the X-ray room technical passports in the medical facilities and approval of the X-ray department technical plans by the local radiological authorities

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
I. I. Berezin ◽  
S. S. Somov ◽  
К. V. Yakusheva
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Diagnostic Equipment ◽  
Office Staff ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Additional Equipment ◽  
Medical Facilities

The technical passport for the X-ray room in accordance with the current sanitary legislation is a mandatory document certifying the technical condition of X-ray diagnostic equipment, devices for developing, fixing and drying X-ray films, additional equipment and accessories for performing special types of X-ray diagnostics, means of protection against ionizing radiation of workplaces of the office staff and adjacent to the office of the premises and confirming the compliance of their characteristics with the normative and technical documentation and domestic standards. The purpose of this work was to assess the relevance and necessity of issuing a technical passport for the X-ray room and to coordinate the project of the X-ray room with the X-ray department in the light of the current sanitary legislation. Registration of a technical passport by organizations that have special permits for these types of work, and not only by the X-ray and radiological department, would increase the legal value of the technical passport. The information contained in the technical passport is duplicated in the rest of the documentation for the X-ray room, the requirements for which are enshrined in the sanitary legislation, which generally casts doubt on the need for a technical passport as a mandatory document. 

scholarly journals SIXA: The Solid State Spectrometer Array Onboard Spectrum-X-Gamma

1990 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Vilhu ◽  
H. Sipilä ◽  
V.J. Kämäräinen ◽  
I. Taylor ◽  
E. Laegsgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Supernova Remnants ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Space Research ◽  
Solid State Detector ◽  
Iron Line ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Space Research Institute ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Institute

AbstractThe SPECTRUM - X-GAMMA mission is being developed by the Space Research Institute (IKI), USSR, together with many other countries and is scheduled for launch in 1993 ( Sunyaev,1990; Schnopper,1990). Mission objectives include broad and narrow band imaging spectroscopy over a wide range of energies from the EUV through gamma rays, with an emphasis on studying galactic and extragalactic X-ray sources. The Danish Space Research Institute (DSRI) and IKI will provide two thin-foil X-ray telescopes (SODART), each with an aperture of 60 cm and focal length of 8 m. They are designed to have a half-power width of less than 2 arc minutes and will have collecting areas of 1700, 1200 and 100 cm2 at 1, 8 and 20 keV, respectively. Images and polarization will be recorded by position-sensitive proportional counters. Moderate resolution spectroscopy will be done by the segmented solid state detector SIXA (Silicon X-ray Array), designed and to be constructed by a consortium in Finland, Denmark and USSR. Finland will have the main responsibility in financing and delivering the detector. The Institute of Electromechanics in Moscow will provide its passive cooling system (110 K). The detector will consist of 19 segments (Si(Li)), each with a diameter of about 8 mm. The spectral resolution of 160 eV (at 6 keV), combined with the large collecting area, provide good opportunities for time-resolved iron line spectroscopy ( 6-8 keV). The potential observing program includes stellar coronae, cataclysmic variables and X-ray binaries, accretion discs and coronae of neutron stars and black hole candidates, supernova-remnants, active galactic nuclei, clusters of galaxies and the diffuse cosmic X-ray background. We demonstrate the instrument’s power through some astrophysical simulations.

An update on radiation protection and the ionizing radiation regulations

Dental Update ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 443-448
Author(s):  
Lee W Feinberg ◽  
Paul P Nixon
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Different Types

In this article, the risks associated with dental X-ray examinations, the doses from different types of dental x-ray examinations, the principles of radiation protection and the key points set out in the IRR 17 and IRMER 17 legislation, with emphasis on the relevant changes between these new sets of legislation and the preceding IRR 99 and IRMER 2000 legislation, are considered. CPD/Clinical Relevance: An update and overview for the dental team on radiation protection and the relevant legislation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Ionizing Radiation Protection among Radiation Workers in X-ray departments in Erbil City

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-212
Author(s):  
Runak T. Ali ◽  
◽  
Safa M. Hameed ◽  
Qasim A. Ali ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiation Workers

scholarly journals Material Analysis of Lead Aprons Using Radiography Non-Destructive Testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengku Mohammad Yoshandi ◽  
Hadi Eka Hamdani ◽  
Annisa
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Computed Radiography ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Lead Apron ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiation Worker ◽  
Non Destructive

Lead Apron is a Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) against the effect of Ionizing Radiation such as X-ray. It is essential for the radiation worker to wear Radiation Protection Equipment during commissions involving ionizing radiation. In Pekanbaru, Indonesia the most common radiation worker is Radiographer which help in hospital for diagnose. In this study the Lead Apron analyzed were 6 apron which suspected to have fault due to its inappropriate tend using NDT radiography methods. Radiography methods have advantage of graphic presentation of object unlike any NDT-methods. The image produce from radiography were analyzed using Computed Radiography (CR) and measured the defection of the material. There was only 3 of 6 Lead Apron appropriate for radiation protection. 

scholarly journals Effect And Application of Ionization Radiation (X-Ray) In Living organism

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraj Raj Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ionization Radiation ◽  
Science Application ◽  
Living Tissues ◽  
Ionizing Radiations

X-ray is electromagnetic radiation of extremely short wavelength and high frequency. X-rays show wave as well as particle-like properties. X-ray is used in wide range of application such as industry, medicine and science application. It is essential tool in modern medicine. It can result in both beneficial and dangerous biological effects. These ionizing radiations penetrate the living tissues and can destroy living cells, chromosomal aberrations and carcinogenic effect.The Himalayan PhysicsVol. 3, No. 3, July 2012Page: 89-92

scholarly journals Gypsum partitions in medical rooms

2018 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kania ◽  
Henryk Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Acoustic Insulation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Harmful Effects

In the time of intensive industry development, our natural environment will not manage alone with millions of tons of pollutants introduced into the atmosphere. The more harmful substances we are able to adapt, the smaller are the side effects of our activities. Synthetic gypsum is being produced as the by-product of processes aimed at protecting the environment against the harmful effects of sulphur dioxide from the energy industry. Gypsum products are being mainly used for making non-loadbearing walls inside buildings and for finishing the surfaces of internal partitions. Medical facilities, due to special conditions of use, must meet a wide range of requirements in this regard. Paper presents selected requirements for medical rooms in the field of acoustic insulation of walls from airborne sounds and protection of users against harmful ionizing radiation. The methods of execution of the partitions with the use of gypsum products that meet these requirements have been presented.

Preparation, Characterization and Ionizing Radiation Protection Properties of Electrospun Nanofibrous Mats Embedded with Erbium Oxide (Er2O3) Nanoparticles

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Juan Liu ◽  
Qiu Na Cui ◽  
Ji Huan He ◽  
Dong Dong Fei
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Composite Nanofibers ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Erbium Oxide ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Protective System ◽  
Protection Capability

Ionizing radiation directly causes serious damage to human health, and a protective system capable of absorbing or reflecting ionizing radiation is required urgently. In this work, electrospun poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Poly (vinyl Alcohol)/Erbium Oxide (PVA/Er2O3) nanocomposite fibrous mats were fabricated. These PVA or PVA/Er2O3 composite nanofibers were completely characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Furthemore, air permeability and ionizing radiation protection properties of these mats were also measured. Under a certain constant electropinning condition, the PVA or PVA/Er2O3 composite nanofibers showed an excellent morphology. The ionizing radiation protection capability of nanofibrous mats is considerably improved when incorporated with Er2O3 nanoparticles.

Radiological safety and assessment of the performance of X-ray systems in veterinary facilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Economides ◽  
C.J. Hourdakis ◽  
C. Pafilis ◽  
G. Simantirakis ◽  
P. Tritakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Atomic Energy Commission ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Public ◽  
Radiological Safety ◽  
High Level

This paper concerns an analysis regarding the performance of X-ray equipment as well as the radiological safety in veterinary facilities. Data were collected from 380 X-ray veterinary facilities countrywide during the on-site regulatory inspections carried out by the Greek Atomic Energy Commission. The analysis of the results shows that the majority of the veterinary radiographic systems perform within the acceptable limits; moreover, the design and shielding of X-ray rooms as well as the applied procedures ensure a high level of radiological safety for the practitioners, operators and the members of the public. An issue that requires specific attention in the optimization process for the proper implementation of veterinary radiology practices in terms of radiological safety is the continuous training of the personnel. The above findings and the regulatory experience gained were valuable decision-making elements regarding the type of the regulatory control of veterinary radiology practices in the new radiation protection framework.

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