scholarly journals Role of nesfatin-1 in the metabolism of skeletal tissues

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 6045-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Puzio ◽  
Grzegorz Tymicki ◽  
Hanna Predka ◽  
Wiesław Śleboda ◽  
Magdalena Sobczyńska-Wołejszo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Osteoblastic Cell ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

NUCB2/nesfatin-1, a member of the adipokine family, is a peptide hormone with pleiotropic action. It has been found in different tissues, including cartilage and bone cells. Nesfatin-1 is produced by chondrocytes, and its synthesis increases with the degree of cell differentiation and upon stimulation by pro-inflammatory cytokines, as shown in an in vitro study. An increase in serum levels of nesfatin-1 has been observed in humans with osteoarthritis, which indicates the influence of pro-inflammatory cytokines on nesfatin-1 release. On the other hand, nesfatin-1 stimulates the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines by chondrocytes, which suggests its participation, together with other adipokines, in the pathogenesis and/or progression of inflammatory complications of cartilage degenerative diseases. Nesfatin-1 also promotes pre-osteoblastic cell differentiation and mineralization and inhibits macrophage differentiation towards osteoclasts. Moreover, exogenous nesfatin-1 given to ovariectomized rats reduces osteopenic changes. Therefore, it seems that nesfatin-1 may play a protective role in cartilage and bone diseases. However, further studies are required to determine whether nesfatin-1 can be used for monitoring and treatment of cartilage and bone diseases..

scholarly journals Marein prevented LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis by regulating the NF-κB pathway in vitro

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuling Li ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Caiping Yan ◽  
Qian Chen ◽  
Chao Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Osteoclast Formation ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Inhibitory Function ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Gram-negative bacterial infection causes many bone diseases such as osteolysis, osteomyelitis and septic arthritis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacteria product, played an important role in this process. Drugs that inhibited LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis were urgently needed for the prevention of bone destruction in infective bone diseases. Marein, a major bioactive compound of Coreopsis.tinctoria, which possesses anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-diabetic effects. In this study, the effect of marein on RAW264.7 cells was measured by CCK-8 assay; TRAP staining was used to determine osteoclastogenesis; the levels of osteoclast-related genes and NF-κB-related proteins were analyzed by WB; the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were quantified by ELISA. Our results showed that marein inhibited LPS-induced osteoclast formation from osteoclast precursor RAW264.7 cells. The effect of marein was related to its inhibitory function on expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines and osteoclast-related genes including RANK, TRAF6, MMP-9, CK and CAⅡ. Besides, marein treatment could inhibit LPS-induced activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in RAW264.7 cells. Meanwhile, inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway decreased the formation of osteoclasts and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines which were LPS-induced. Collectively, marein could prevent LPS-induced osteoclast formation in vitro by regulating NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings provided evidence that marein might be beneficial as a valuable choice for the prevention and treatment of bacteria-induced bone destruction disease, and gave new insights for understanding its possible mechanism.

Methylmercury-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines activation and its preventive strategy using anti-inflammation N-acetyl-l-cysteine: a mini-review

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-238
Author(s):  
Muflihatul Muniroh
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Brain Cells ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Sensory Disturbances ◽  
Anti Inflammation ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

AbstractThe exposure of methylmercury (MeHg) has become a public health concern because of its neurotoxic effect. Various neurological symptoms were detected in Minamata disease patients, who got intoxicated by MeHg, including paresthesia, ataxia, gait disturbance, sensory disturbances, tremors, visual, and hearing impairments, indicating that MeHg could pass the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and cause impairment of neurons and other brain cells. Previous studies have reported some expected mechanisms of MeHg-induced neurotoxicity including the neuroinflammation pathway. It was characterized by the up-regulation of numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines expression. Therefore, the use of anti-inflammatories such as N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) may act as a preventive compound to protect the brain from MeHg harmful effects. This mini-review will explain detailed information on MeHg-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines activation as well as possible preventive strategies using anti-inflammation NAC to protect brain cells, particularly in in vivo and in vitro studies.

Cladribine inhibits secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and phagocytosis in human monocyte-derived M1 macrophages in-vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 107270
Author(s):  
Caroline B.K. Mathiesen ◽  
Asha M. Rudjord-Levann ◽  
Monika Gad ◽  
Jesper Larsen ◽  
Finn Sellebjerg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
M1 Macrophages ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

scholarly journals Soufeng sanjie formula alleviates collagen-induced arthritis in mice by inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Hua ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Qinghai Meng ◽  
Yuanyuan Ling ◽  
Qin Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Th17 Cell ◽  
Collagen Induced Arthritis ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Th17 Cell Differentiation ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes ◽  
Seed Coats

Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease. Soufeng sanjie formula (SF), which is composed of scolopendra (dried body of Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans L. Koch), scorpion (dried body of Buthus martensii Karsch), astragali radix (dried root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge), and black soybean seed coats (seed coats of Glycine max (L.) Merr), is a traditional Chinese prescription for treating RA. However, the mechanism of SF in treating RA remains unclear. This study was aim to investigate the anti-arthritic effects of SF in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model and explore the mechanism by which SF alleviates arthritis in CIA mice. Methods For in vivo studies, female DBA/1J mice were used to establish the CIA model, and either SF (183 or 550 mg/kg/day) or methotrexate (MTX, 920 mg/kg, twice/week) was orally administered to the mice from the day of arthritis onset. After administration for 30 days, degree of ankle joint destruction and serum levels of IgG and inflammatory cytokines were determined. The balance of Th17/Treg cells in the spleen and lymph nodes was analyzed using flow cytometry. Moreover, the expression levels of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptor (ROR) γt and phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3, Tyr705) in the spleen were detected by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the effect of SF on Th17 cells differentiation in vitro was investigated in CD4+ T cells under Th17 polarization conditions. Results SF decreased the arthritis score, ameliorated paw swelling, and reduced cartilage loss in the joint of CIA mice. In addition, SF decreased the levels of bovine collagen-specific IgG in sera of CIA mice. SF decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17A) and increased the level of IL-10 both in the sera and the joint of CIA mice. Moreover, SF treatment rebalanced the Th17/Treg ratio in the spleen and lymph nodes of CIA mice. SF also reduced the expression levels of ROR γt and pSTAT3 (Tyr705) in the spleen of CIA mice. In vitro, SF treatment reduced Th17 cell generation and IL-17A production and inhibited the expression of RORγt, IRF4, IL-17A, and pSTAT3 (Tyr705) under Th17 polarization conditions. Conclusions Our results suggest that SF exhibits anti-arthritic effects and restores Th17/Treg homeostasis in CIA mice by inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation.

scholarly journals Silica nanoparticles induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human primary immune cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 697-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana M Gómez ◽  
Silvio Urcuqui-Inchima ◽  
Juan C Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

In recent years, the potential use of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) among different biomedical fields has grown. A deep understanding of the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles (NPs) and their regulation of specific biological responses is crucial for the successful application of NPs. Exposure to NP physicochemical properties (size, shape, porosity, etc.) could result in deleterious effects on cellular functions, including a pro-inflammatory response mediated via activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential in vitro immunomodulatory effect of 12-nm and 200-nm SiNPs on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3 inflammasome components in human primary neutrophils and PBMCs. This study demonstrates that regardless of the size of the nanoparticles, SiNPs induce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a dose-dependent manner. Induced IL-1β production after exposure to SiNPs suggests the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome components participation in this process. In conclusion, SiNPs induce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, our data suggest that the production and release of IL-1β possibly occurs through the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Novel Anti-Cancer, Anti-Bacterial Coatings for Biomaterial Applications: Selenium Nanoclusters

2009 ◽  
Vol 1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phong Anh Tran ◽  
Erik Taylor ◽  
Love Sarin ◽  
Robert H. Hurt ◽  
Thomas J Webster
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cells ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Elemental Selenium ◽  
Orthopedic Implant ◽  
Functional Coating ◽  
Anti Cancer

AbstractTwo common problems with implantation after cancerous tumor resection are cancer recurrence and bacteria infection at the implant site. Tumor resection surgery sometimes can not remove all the cancerous cells, thus, cancer can return after implantation. In addition, bacteria infection is one of the leading causes of implant failure. Therefore, it is desirable to have anti-cancer and anti-bacterial molecules which both rapidly (for anti-infection purposes) and continuously (for anti-cancer purposes) are available at the implant site following implantation. Therefore, the objective of the present in vitro study was to create a multi-functional coating for anti-cancer and anti-bacterial orthopedic implant applications. Elemental selenium was chosen as the biologically active agent in this effort because of its known chemopreventive and anti-bacterial properties. To achieve that objective, titanium (Ti), a conventional orthopedic implant material was coated with selenium (Se) nanoclusters. Different coating densities were achieved by varying Se concentration in the reaction mixture. Titanium substrates coated with Se nanoclusters were shown to enhance healthy osteoblast (bone-forming cell) and inhibit cancerous osteoblast proliferation in co-culture experiments. Functions of S. epidermidis (one of the leading bacteria that infect implants) were inhibited on Ti coated with Se-nanoclusters compared to uncoated materials. Thus, this study provided for the first time a coating material (selenium nanoclusters) to the biomaterials’ community to promote healthy bone cells’ functions, inhibit cancer growth and prevent bacteria infection.

The protective effects of carvacrol and thymol against paracetamol–induced toxicity on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HepG2)

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1252-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
SS Palabiyik ◽  
E Karakus ◽  
Z Halici ◽  
E Cadirci ◽  
Y Bayir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose could induce liver damage and lead to acute liver failure. The treatment of APAP overdoses could be improved by new therapeutic strategies. Thymus spp., which has many beneficial effects and has been used in folk medicine, is one such potential strategy. In the present study, the hepatoprotective activity of the main constituents of Thymus spp., carvacrol and thymol, were evaluated in light of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. We hoped to understand the hepatoprotective mechanism of these agents on the antioxidant system and pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro. Dose-dependent effects of thymol and carvacrol (25, 50, and 100 µM) were tested on cultured HepG2 cells. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) was tested as positive control. We showed that APAP inhibited HepG2 cell growth by inducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Incubating APAP-exposed HepG2 cells with carvacrol and thymol for 24 h ameliorated this inflammation and oxidative stress. We also evaluated alanine transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase levels of HepG2 cells. We found that thymol and carvacrol protected against APAP-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells by increasing antioxidant activity and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1β. Taking together high-dose thymol and carvacrol treatment has an effect close to NAC treatment in APAP toxicity, but thymol has better treatment effect than carvacrol.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF EXOPOLISACCHARIDES OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ON THE SYNTHESIS OF PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES BY MACROPHAGIC MICE IN PHAGOCYTOSIS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

2018 ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
G. T. Uryadova ◽  
E. A. Gorelnikova ◽  
N. A. Fokina ◽  
A. S. Dolmashkina ◽  
L. V. Karpunina
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Ambiguous Effect ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Aim. Study of the effect of exopolysaccharides (EPS) of lactic acid cocci on cytokine activity of macrophages of mice with phagocytosis in vitro Staphylococcus aureus 209-P. Materials and methods. The EPS of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactococcus lactis B-1662 was used in the work. At 13, 5 and 7, AMP and PMP were isolated and the phagocytosis process was modeled in vitro. After 30 minutes, 1, 6 and 24 hours, the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1a and TNF-a was determined. Results. EPSs had an ambiguous effect on the production of cytokines. The greatest effect on the synthesis was provided by EPS of S. thermophilus. Conclusion. The results of the study allow us to talk about the possibility of using EPS of S. thermophilus as a preventive immunomodulator for correction of the cytokine status of animals.

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