The cluster of differentiation-36 (CD-36) as a promising marker for many diseases

Monocytes are leading component of the mononuclear phagocytic system that play a key role in phagocytosis and removal of several kinds of microbes from the body. Monocytes are bone marrow precursor cells that stay in the blood for a few days and migrate towards tissues where they differentiate into macrophages. Monocytes can be used as a carrier for delivery of active agents into tissues, where other carriers have no significant access. Targeting monocytes is possible both through passive and active targeting, the former one is simply achieved by enhanced permeation and retention effect while the later one by attachment of ligands on the surface of the lipid-based particulate system. Monocytes have many receptors e.g., mannose, scavenger, integrins, cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) and cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36). The ligands used against these receptors are peptides, lectins, antibodies, glycolipids, and glycoproteins. This review encloses extensive introduction of monocytes as a suitable carrier system for drug delivery, the design of lipid-based carrier system, possible ways for delivery of therapeutics to monocytes, and the role of monocytes in the treatment of life compromising diseases such as cancer, inflammation, stroke, etc.

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Pro-Inflammatory Effect of Gliadins and Glutenins Extracted from Different Wheat Cultivars on an In Vitro 3D Intestinal Epithelium Model

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22010172 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 172

Author(s):

Francesca Truzzi ◽

Camilla Tibaldi ◽

Anne Whittaker ◽

Silvia Dilloo ◽

Enzo Spisni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Innate Immune Responses ◽

Wheat Proteins ◽

Monocyte Migration ◽

Junction Protein ◽

Modern Wheat ◽

In Vitro Effects ◽

Landrace Wheat ◽

Cluster Of Differentiation

There is a need to assess the relationship between improved rheological properties and the immunogenic potential of wheat proteins. The present study aimed to investigate the in vitro effects of total protein extracts from three modern and two landrace Triticum aestivum commercial flour mixes, with significant differences in gluten strength (GS), on cell lines. Cytotoxicity and innate immune responses induced by wheat proteins were investigated using Caco-2 monocultures, two dimensional (2D) Caco-2/U937 co-cultures, and three dimensional (3D) co-cultures simulating the intestinal mucosa with Caco-2 epithelial cells situated above an extra-cellular matrix containing U937 monocytes and L929 fibroblasts. Modern wheat proteins, with increased GS, significantly reduced Caco-2 cell proliferation and vitality in monoculture and 2D co-cultures than landrace proteins. Modern wheat proteins also augmented Caco-2 monolayer disruption and tight junction protein, occludin, redistribution in 3D co-cultures. Release of interleukin-8 into the cell medium and increased U937 monocyte migration in both 2D and 3D co-cultures were similarly apparent. Immuno-activation of migrating U937 cells was evidenced from cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) staining and CD11b-related differentiation into macrophages. The modern wheat proteins, with gluten polymorphism relatedness and increased GS, were shown to be more cytotoxic and immunogenic than the landrace wheat proteins.

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Cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) expression is linked with thiram induced chondrocyte’s apoptosis via Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-3 signalling in tibial growth plate under chlorogenic acid repercussion

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ◽

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112059 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 213 ◽

pp. 112059

Author(s):

Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar ◽

Wangyuan Yao ◽

Yanmei Ding ◽

Haitao Du ◽

Kun Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Growth Plate ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Cd147 Expression ◽

Cluster Of Differentiation ◽

Tibial Growth Plate

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Identification of cluster of differentiation molecule-associated microRNAs as potential therapeutic targets for gastrointestinal cancer immunotherapy

The International Journal of Biological Markers ◽

10.1177/17246008211005473 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 172460082110054

Author(s):

Hanyu Zhang ◽

Mingxing Li ◽

Parham Jabbarzadeh Kaboli ◽

Huijiao Ji ◽

Fukuan Du ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Immunotherapy ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽

Therapeutic Targets ◽

Microrna Expression ◽

The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽

Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽

Almost All ◽

Cluster Of Differentiation

Background: Cluster of differentiation molecules are markers of immune cells that have been identified as a potential immunotherapeutic target for cancer treatment. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes whose importance in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of gastric and colorectal cancers has been widely reported. However, their association with cluster of differentiation molecules in gastrointestinal cancers has not been well studied. Therefore, our study aimed to analyze the relationship between microRNAs and cluster of differentiation molecules in gastrointestinal cancers, and to identify cluster of differentiation molecule-associated microRNAs as prognostic biomarkers for gastrointestinal cancer patients. Methods: Targetscan, Starbase, DIANA microT, and miRDB were used to investigate microRNA profiles that might be correlated with cluster of differentiation molecules in gastrointestinal cancers. Moreover, The Cancer Genome Atlas data analysis was used to investigate the association between cluster of differentiation molecules and microRNA expression in patients with gastric, colon, rectal, pancreatic, and esophageal cancers. The Kaplan–Meier plotter was used to identify the association between overall survival and cluster of differentiation molecule-associated microRNA expression in gastrointestinal cancer patients. Results: miR-200a, miR-559, and miR-1236 were negatively associated with CD86, CD81, and CD160, respectively, in almost all types of gastrointestinal cancers, which were further verified in the in vitro studies by transfecting microRNA mimics in gastric cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic, and esophageal cell lines. Conclusion: Our study showed that miR-200a, miR-1236, and miR-559 are identified as cluster of differentiation-associated microRNAs in gastrointestinal cancers, providing a novel perspective to identify new therapeutic targets for cancer immunotherapy in gastrointestinal cancer patients.

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Erratum: Inhibition of the cluster of differentiation 14 innate immunity pathway with IAXO-101 improves chronic microelectrode performance (2018 J. Neural Eng. 15 025002)

Journal of Neural Engineering ◽

10.1088/1741-2552/aab5bf ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 039601

Author(s):

John K Hermann ◽

Madhumitha Ravikumar ◽

Andrew Shoffstall ◽

Evon Ereifej ◽

Kyle Kovach ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Innate Immunity ◽

Innate Immunity Pathway ◽

Cluster Of Differentiation

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LPS-induced expression of CD14 in the TRIF pathway is epigenetically regulated by sulforaphane in porcine pulmonary alveolar macrophages

Innate Immunity ◽

10.1177/1753425916669418 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (8) ◽

pp. 682-695 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Qin Yang ◽

Maren J Pröll ◽

Dessie Salilew-Wondim ◽

Rui Zhang ◽

Dawit Tesfaye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Alveolar Macrophages ◽

Methylation Status ◽

Gene Body ◽

Gene Body Methylation ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Pulmonary Alveolar Macrophages ◽

Cluster Of Differentiation ◽

Cd14 Gene

Pulmonary alveolar macrophages (AMs) are important in defense against bacterial lung inflammation. Cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) is involved in recognizing bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) through MyD88-dependent and TRIF pathways of innate immunity. Sulforaphane (SFN) shows anti-inflammatory activity and suppresses DNA methylation. To identify CD14 epigenetic changes by SFN in the LPS-induced TRIF pathway, an AMs model was investigated in vitro. CD14 gene expression was induced by 5 µg/ml LPS at the time point of 12 h and suppressed by 5 µM SFN. After 12 h of LPS stimulation, gene expression was significantly up-regulated, including TRIF, TRAF6, NF-κB, TRAF3, IRF7, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-β. LPS-induced TRAM, TRIF, RIPK1, TRAF3, TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-β were suppressed by 5 µM SFN. Similarly, DNMT3a expression was increased by LPS but significantly down-regulated by 5 µM SFN. It showed positive correlation of CD14 gene body methylation with in LPS-stimulated AMs, and this methylation status was inhibited by SFN. This study suggests that SFN suppresses CD14 activation in bacterial inflammation through epigenetic regulation of CD14 gene body methylation associated with DNMT3a. The results provide insights into SFN-mediated epigenetic down-regulation of CD14 in LPS-induced TRIF pathway inflammation and may lead to new methods for controlling LPS-induced inflammation in pigs.

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Low-Bone-Mass Phenotype of Deficient Mice for the Cluster of Differentiation 36 (CD36)

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0077701 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. e77701 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Olha Kevorkova ◽

Corine Martineau ◽

Louise Martin-Falstrault ◽

Jaime Sanchez-Dardon ◽

Louise Brissette ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mass ◽

Low Bone Mass ◽

Cluster Of Differentiation ◽

Deficient Mice

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Delivery of CD151 by Ultrasound Microbubbles in Rabbit Myocardial Infarction

Cardiology ◽

10.1159/000446639 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 135 (4) ◽

pp. 221-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shao-Ling Yang ◽

Ke-Qiang Tang ◽

Jun-Jia Tao ◽

Ai-Hong Wan ◽

Yan-Duan Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Heart Function ◽

Rabbit Model ◽

Physiological Saline ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Left Ventricular Ejection ◽

Control Group ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽

Cluster Of Differentiation

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate whether ultrasound (US) and microbubble-mediated delivery of Cluster of Differentiation 151 (CD151) could enhance the therapeutic effects of CD151 on myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: A rabbit model of MI was established by a modified Fujita method. Then, 50 MI rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups, including G1 (CD151 plasmid and physiological saline in the presence of US); G2 (CD151 and Sonovue in the presence of US); G3 (CD151 and Sonovue in the absence of US); G4 (Sonovue in the absence of US), and a control group (physiological saline in the absence of US). After 14 days of treatment, the expression of CD151 was detected by Western blot. Besides, vessel density of peri-infarcted myocardium was measured by immunohistochemistry, and cardiac function was analyzed by echocardiography. Results: The rabbit model of MI was established successfully. CD151 injection increased the expression of CD151 and microvessel density in the myocardium of MI rabbits. Heart function was significantly improved by CD151, which exhibited increased left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular fractional shortening and a reduced Tei index. Besides, US Sonovue significantly increased the expression efficiency of CD151. Conclusion: US microbubble was an effective vector for CD151 delivery. CD151 might be an effective therapeutic target for MI.

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